94 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-cix-10.1177_11769351221136081 – Supplemental material for A Random Forest Genomic Classifier for Tumor Agnostic Prediction of Response to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cix-10.1177_11769351221136081 for A Random Forest Genomic Classifier for Tumor Agnostic Prediction of Response to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy by Emma Bigelow, Suchi Saria, Brian Piening, Brendan Curti, Alexa Dowdell, Roshanthi Weerasinghe, Carlo Bifulco, Walter Urba, Noam Finkelstein, Elana J Fertig, Alex Baras, Neeha Zaidi, Elizabeth Jaffee and Mark Yarchoan in Cancer Informatics</p
sj-xls-2-cix-10.1177_11769351221136081 – Supplemental material for A Random Forest Genomic Classifier for Tumor Agnostic Prediction of Response to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy
No full textsj-xls-2-cix-10.1177_11769351221136081 for A Random Forest Genomic Classifier for Tumor Agnostic Prediction of Response to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy by Emma Bigelow, Suchi Saria, Brian Piening, Brendan Curti, Alexa Dowdell, Roshanthi Weerasinghe, Carlo Bifulco, Walter Urba, Noam Finkelstein, Elana J Fertig, Alex Baras, Neeha Zaidi, Elizabeth Jaffee and Mark Yarchoan in Cancer Informatics</p
Actualizing Personalized Healthcare for Women through Connected Data Systems: Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis
No full textMammography Screening in a Large Health System Following the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations and the Affordable Care Act.
No full textPractice recommendations for mammography screening were issued by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force in 2009 and expansion of insurance coverage was provided under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act soon thereafter, yet the influence of these changes on screening practices in the United States is not known.To determine changes in mammography screening and their associations with new practice recommendations and the Affordable Care Act, we examined patient-level data from 249,803 screening mammograms from January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2012 in a large community-based health system in the northwestern United States. Associations were determined by an intervention analysis of time-series data method.Among women screened, 64% were age 50-74 years; 84% self-identified as white race; 62% had commercial insurance; and 70% were seen in facilities located in metropolitan areas. Practice recommendations were associated with decreased screening volumes among women age <40 (-37.4 mammograms/month; -39.4% change; P<0.001), 40-49 (-106.0 mammograms/month; -11.2% change; P<0.001), and ≥75 (-54.7 mammograms/month; -10.0% change; P<0.001), but not women age 50-74. Implementation of the Affordable Care Act was associated with increased screening among women age 50-74 (+184.3 mammograms/month; +7.2% change; P=0.001), but not women <40 or ≥75; increases for age 40-49 were of borderline statistical significance (+56.9 mammograms/month; +6% change; P=0.06). Practice recommendations were also associated with decreased screening for women with commercial insurance, while the Affordable Care Act was associated with increased screening for women with Medicare, Medicaid, or other noncommercial sources of payment.Mammography screening volumes in a large community health system decreased among women age <50 and ≥75 in association with new U.S. Preventive Services Task Force practice recommendations, while insurance coverage changes under the Affordable Care Act were associated with increased screening volumes among women age 50-74
Fire performance of concrete flat slabs
No full text© 2020 Pasindu Laknath Weerasinghe Thalpe GurugeConcrete flat slabs are widely used, especially in multi-storey buildings, because of their resource efficiency and fast construction. The requirements for fire safety critically affect the overall design of these slabs. Fire design guidelines which are based on research carried out a few decades ago hinder the effective use of concrete flat slabs as they impose strict thickness and cover requirements. Since then, material properties of concrete have significantly changed, and construction methods have evolved considerably. Therefore, new research is needed to assess the fire performance of concrete flat slabs and provide a research base to improve the current fire safety design guidelines for concrete flat slabs.
Among the limited number of fire tests performed on concrete flat slabs, most of them were simply supported isolated specimens which did not take into account the continuity of the slab. Therefore, the author conducted a large-scale fire test on a laterally restrained flat slab specimen simulating the effect of adjacent slab panels in case of a fire. Recent studies emphasise the importance of capturing the behaviour during the cooling phase as there is a risk of failure also during that phase. Hence, the experiment was extended to measure the thermal and structural response during the cooling phase. Results indicate that the fire resistance level (FRL) of the restrained flat slab has been improved compared to the FRLs predicted by the design standards. The use of restrained support conditions which allows the development of membrane actions could be the reason for improved FRL.
Although fire tests provide vital information on the behaviour of flat slabs in fire, they are very expensive and time-consuming. As an alternative, numerical methods can be utilized to capture the effects of elevated temperatures on concrete flat slabs. Building upon the existing material models for concrete and steel at elevated temperatures, the author introduced the use of explicit coupled-temperature analysis technique in finite element software ABAQUS to determine the thermal and structural response of concrete flat slabs in fire. The models also account for the transient thermal creep of concrete when heated and change of material properties during the cooling phase. The developed models were validated with the experimental results from the fire test carried out by the author, along with two more independent fire tests.
A validated numerical modelling technique was then employed in a parametric study to evaluate the influence of the thickness, the span between columns and the reinforcement arrangement on the FRL of concrete flat slabs. The aim of the study was to further understand the new design rules imposed by the latest Australian concrete design code. Outcomes of the analysis further validate some amendments incorporated in the design code while suggesting improvements to the critical distance rule.
The current construction industry prefers performance-based fire design over prescription-based fire design as it yields more optimized solutions on a case by case basis. In order to apply such methods to concrete flat slab fire design, a case study was conducted to model an actual fire scenario within a compartment in a multi-storey building and its effects on the flat slab. Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), a computational fluid dynamics based fire simulation software was implemented to capture the growth and decay of a compartment fire incorporating the combustible material characteristics of the furniture inside. Different fire scenarios were simulated, taking into account the different ventilation conditions. Critical temperature fields generated from the fire simulation were then applied to a FE model to assess the structural response. The predicted structural response for the actual fire scenario is significantly different from the response when the flat slab was subjected to standard design fire. This observation further highlights the importance of performance-based fire design approach, which takes building-specific parameters into account rather than generalized fire curves
Improving Citation Network Scoring by Incorporating Author and Program Committee Reputation
No full textPublication venues play an important role in the
scholarly communication process. The number of publication
venues has been increasing yearly, making it difficult for
researchers to determine the most suitable venue for their
publication. Most existing methods use citation count as the metric
to measure the reputation of publication venues. However, this
does not take into account the quality of citations. Therefore, it is
vital to have a publication venue quality estimation mechanism.
The ultimate goal of this research project is to develop a novel
approach for ranking publication venues by considering
publication history. The main aim of this research work is to
propose a mechanism to identify the key Computer Science
journals and conferences from various fields of research. Our
approach is completely based on the citation network represented
by publications. A modified version of the PageRank algorithm is
used to compute the ranking scores for each publication. In our
publication ranking method, there are many aspects that
contribute to the importance of a publication, including the
number of citations, the rating of the citing publications, the time
metric and the authors’ reputation. Known publication venue
scores have been formulated by using the scores of the
publications. New publication venue ranking is taken care by the
scores of Program Committee members which derive from their
ranking scores as authors. Experimental results show that our
publication ranking method reduces the bias against more recent
publications, while also providing a more accurate way to
determine publication quality
Improving citation network scoring by incorporating author and program committee reputation
No full text1296 Radiomics-based multi-modal prediction of treatment response to PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma (mNSCLC)
No full textBackground Currently approved biomarkers that predict response to ICIs in mNSCLC are limited to PD-L1 expression levels by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and tumor mutation burden (TMB). However, the predictive performance of PD-L1 IHC and TMB are limited, and rates of testing are suboptimal. Radiomic biomarkers may offer an automated and scalable method to predict ICI response.1,2 We developed and validated multi-modal models predicting responses to ICIs in mNSCLC. In contrast to previously published models, our work focuses on generalizable models using a large multi-institutional “real-world” dataset and combines radiomics features with demographic, molecular, and laboratory values routinely available in patients’ electronic medical records [EMR]. Methods We analyzed radiomic characteristics of 6,028 primary and metastatic lesions from 1,169 mNSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 ICIs from 8 institutions across the US and Europe. Data were randomly split into training (N=707 patients, n=3,625 lesions) and validation (N=462 patients, n=2,403 lesions) sets. Baseline and follow-up CT scans were manually annotated by board-certified radiologists using RECIST 1.1 criteria and all lesion volumes were manually segmented. We developed two predictive models using gradient-boosted decision tree algorithms, using 1) only manually curated baseline radiomic features quantifying textural heterogeneity and spicularity; and 2) a multi-modal model with radiomic features combined with known demographic, molecular (e.g. PD-L1 IHC), and laboratory (e.g. neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) predictors of ICI response. Primary endpoints were 3- and 6-month radiological progression, defined by a 20% increase in lesion diameter. The primary evaluation metric was the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Models predicting response of lung lesions and lymph nodes were validated on two cohorts: ICI monotherapy and ICI plus concurrent chemotherapy. Patients with unavailable PD-L1 IHC, imaging follow-up, or oncogenic driver mutations were excluded from analysis. Results The radiomics model showed predictive accuracy comparable to tissue-based PD-L1 IHC for both endpoints and patient cohorts (tables 1, 2). However, the multi-modal model predicted lung and lymph node radiological progression with significantly higher AUC than PD-L1 IHC in all cohorts and endpoints, with 3- and 6-month progression AUCs of 0.86 (P=.00007) and 0.79 (P= .00001) in lung lesions and 0.78 (P=.003) and 0.80 (P=.002) in lymph nodes. Conclusions Radiomics-based multi-modal prediction of ICI response is feasible and accurate and may provide an opportunity for more personalized management, such as risk-based escalation/de-escalation of concurrent chemotherapy in mNSCLC patients. We will evaluate this methodology in prospective studies. References Trebeschi S, Drago S, Birkbak N, Kurilova I, Cǎlin A, Delli Pizzi A, Lalezari F, Lambregts D, Rohaan M, Parmar C, Rozeman E, Hartemink K, Swanton C, Haanen J, Blank C, Smit E, Beets-Tan R, Aerts H. Predicting response to cancer immunotherapy using noninvasive radiomic biomarkers. Ann. Oncol. 2019; 30(6): 998–1004. Sun R, Limkin E, Vakalopoulou M, Dercle L, Champiat S, Han SR, Verlingue L, Brandao D, Lancia A, Ammari S, Hollebecque A, Scoazec J, Marabelle A, Massard C, Soria J, Robert C, Paragios N, Deutsch E, Ferté C. A radiomics approach to assess tumour-infiltrating CD8 cells and response to anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy: an imaging biomarker, retrospective multicohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2018; 19(9): 1180–1191. Ethics Approval Ethics approval for US data: The study was conducted under IRB-approved procedures using de-identified data for patients diagnosed with Stage-IV NSCLC and treated between Jan. 1, 2017 and December 31, 2021. All records were de-identified per HIPAA guidelines at the institution level. Upon transfer, the data was quarantined and then re-inspected by authorized personnel prior to ingestion to ensure compliance and that no PHI was present in the records. Ethics approval for EU data: The study was conducted under IRB-approved procedures using de-identified data for patients diagnosed with Stage-IV NSCLC and treated between Jan. 1, 2017 and December 31, 2021. All records were de-identified per GDPR requirements at the institution level. The patients were also notified that their de-identified data would be part of a study and were given the required time and opportunity to respond if they had any objection. Upon transfer, the data was quarantined and then re-inspected by authorized personnel prior to processing to ensure compliance and that no PHI was present in the records. Consent N/
Screening Mammography Changes for Women 50–74 and ≥75.
No full text<p>The mean number of screening mammograms per month performed in the health system from 2008 through 2012. Arrows indicate the times of new screening recommendations and implementation of the Affordable Care Act. New recommendations were not associated with changes for women age 50–74, but were associated with decreased screening for ≥75, while the Affordable Care Act was associated with increased screening among women age 50–74 and no changes for ≥75.</p
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