69 research outputs found
Arterial and venous thrombosis in a Chinese boy with hypereosinophilic syndrome
No full textA 16-year-old Chinese boy presented with multiple tender subcutaneous nodules and erythematous pruritic rashes over bilateral lower limbs. Investigation showed markedly elevated circulating eosinophils (7.35x109/L) and positive lupus anticoagulant. Doppler ultrasound and positron emission tomography scan revealed extensive venous thromboses and arterial insufficiency. The diagnosis of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with multiple end-organ involvement was established after exclusion of possible infectious, allergic and oncologic causes. Symptoms resolved after treatment that included low-molecular-weight heparin, corticosteroid and azathioprine. Here we describe the variable manifestations of hypereosinophilic syndrome and its associated features.link_to_OA_fulltex
Risk Factors for Drug Allergies in Chinese Children
No full textBACKGROUND: Drug allergy, or drug hypersensitivity, is a potentially fatal disorder, and patients labeled with drug allergies have restricted access to first-line treatments. Full knowledge of the characteristics associated with drug allergies and severe reactions during allergy evaluation is beneficial for appropriate risk stratification. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether certain clinical characteristics are associated with drug allergies in Chinese children. METHODS: Charts were reviewed for ethnic Chinese patients less than 18 years old referred to our tertiary allergy center for suspected drug allergies and completed skin and drug provocative testing between 2005 to 2017. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the age of onset of drug allergies, gender, and other atopy versus drug allergies. RESULTS: Out of 75 children, 18 (24%) had IgE-mediated drug allergies, while 8 (10.7%) had delayed drug hypersensitivities, with a cumulative 26 subjects (34.7%) with any drug hypersensitivity. There were positive independent associations between drug hypersensitivities onset age vs IgE-mediated drug allergies (odds ratio (OR)=14.9, 95% confidence intervals (CIs)=1.5-148.3, P=0.017) and between male gender and IgE-mediated drug allergies (OR=4.4, CIs=1.2-16.4, P=0.019). Age 13 years was the best cut-off for IgE-mediated drug allergies according to the receiver operating characteristic curve (P=0.026). Older age group (OR=24.0, CIs=1.4-417.8, P=0.024) and atopic dermatitis (OR=8.2, CIs=1.4-49.8, P=0.015) were correlated with delayed drug hypersensitivities. CONCLUSIONS: While several previous studies suggested a higher prevalence of IgE-mediated drug allergies in younger adult females, older boys were more likely to have drug allergies for Chinese children
Production of ceramic calcium phosphate scaffold via ceramic stereolithography with potential application in bone tissue regeneration
No full textIlustraciones, gráficas, tablasLos scaffolds basados en las superficies minimales triplemente periódicas (TPMS) cumplen las condiciones necesarias para ser utilizados en ingeniería tisular. En esta tesis se desarrollaron scaffolds de alúmina (Al) y fosfatos de calcio (CaP) a través de la técnica de estereolitografía cerámica, utilizando geometrías TPMS Giroide y Schwartz P. para ser aplicados en la regeneración de tejidos óseos. Se realizaron suspensiones con cargas cerámicas de 35, 40 y 50 vol% con los dos materiales, las cuales se caracterizaron reológicamente y para ambos casos se encontró que las más viscosas eran las de 50 vol% con valores de 1.1 Pa·s para CaP y de 0.78 Pa·s para Al. A las muestras impresas de ambos materiales se les hizo un tratamiento térmico para eliminar la resina y sinterizar los cuerpos cerámicos. A los andamios híbridos y cerámicos se les tomaron imágenes digitales, SEM y FESEM. Las contracciones volumétricas más altas fueron las de las muestras con menor porcentaje de carga (35 vol%) de geometría giroide, con valores de 58.4% para las de Al y de 79.4% para los de CaP. Las muestras que más cantidad de grietas presentaron fueron las de Al con geometría Schwartz P. Los scaffolds que presentaron mayor resistencia a la compresión fueron los híbridos para ambos materiales. La geometría giroide de Al sinterizada presentó resistencias más altas que la Schwartz P, siendo la de 50Al la mejor con un valor de 0.4 ± 0.2 MPa. En el caso de CaP sinterizados la mayor resistencia mecánica fue para 50CaP con un valor de 0.83 ± 0.06 MPa. Dichos valores son comparables con los del hueso esponjoso y cortical. Finalmente, los scaffolds de 50 vol% de Al y CaP se impregnaron con extractos de propóleos de Tame, Arauca, Colombia. Para los de Al se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana, demostrando que existe una mejor respuesta frente a S. aureus que a E. Coli. Para los de CaP, se evaluó la citotoxicidad y proliferación celular, demostrando que el material con y sin propóleo no presenta efectos tóxicos sobre las células y que existe una mejor respuesta de crecimiento celular en aquellos que están impregnados. (Tomado de la fuente)Scaffolds based on triple periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) satisfy the necessary conditions to be used in tissue engineering. In this thesis, alumina (Al) and calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds were developed through the ceramic stereolithography technique, using TPMS gyroid and Schwartz P geometries to be applied in bone tissue regeneration. Suspensions with ceramic fillers of 35, 40 and 50 vol% were made with the two materials, which were characterized rheologically and for both cases it was found that the most viscous were those of 50 vol% with values of 1.1 Pa·s for CaP and 0.78 Pa·s for Al. The printed samples of both materials were heat treated to remove the resin and sinter the ceramic bodies. Digital photographs, SEM and FESEM were taken of the hybrid and ceramic scaffolds. The highest volumetric shrinkages were those of the samples with the lowest percentage of load (35 vol%) of gyroid geometry, with values of 58.4% for Al and 79.4% for CaP. The samples with the highest number of cracks were those of Al with Schwartz P geometry. The scaffolds with the highest compressive strength were the hybrids for both materials. The Sintered Al gyroid geometry presented higher strengths than the Schwartz P, being the 50Al the best with a value of 0.4 ± 0.2 MPa. In the case of sintered CaP, the highest mechanical strength was for 50CaP with a value of 0.83 ± 0.06 MPa. Such values are comparable with those of cancellous and cortical bone. Finally, the 50 vol% Al and CaP scaffolds were impregnated with propolis extracts from Tame, Arauca, Colombia. The antimicrobial activity of the Al scaffolds was evaluated, demonstrating a better response to S. aureus than to E. coli. For CaP, cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were evaluated, demonstrating that the material with and without propolis did not present toxic effects on the cells and that there was a better response to cell growth in those that were impregnated.MaestríaMagíster en Ingeniería FísicaBiomaterialesFísica.Sede Medellí
Evaluación de la morfología craneofacial en el plano vertical y su relación con el componente ancestral en pacientes adultos atendidos en la Clínica de Ortodoncia de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia sede Envigado
No full textObjetivo: determinar la relación entre la morfología craneofacial en el plano vertical y el componente ancestral de pacientes adultos atendidos en la clínica de ortodoncia de la UCC. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal en un total de 130 pacientes con un promedio de edad de 22±12 años. Se les tomó una muestra de enjuague bucal en 10 ml de solución salina y se extrajo el DNA para analizar polimorfismos genéticos. Se tipificó en cada muestra de DNA 20 marcadores informativos de ancestría (AIMs). A partir de las radiografías cefálicas de cada paciente se obtuvieron los puntos anatómicos y las 6 medidas angulares indicadas para analizar el crecimiento craneofacial en el plano vertical incluyendo el análisis de tejidos blandos. Resultados: en relación con los resultados de ancestría se encontró que el promedio para el componente ancestral europeo fue de 67,26 ± 9,18%, para el amerindio fue de 21,48 ± 6,59% y para el africano fue de 10,86 ±7,13 %. Entre las medidas de crecimiento en el plano vertical con mayor variación se encontraron FH/PP – PO/S-N y las de menor variabilidad fueron Ar-Go-Me, AFP/AFA. El análisis de correlaciones entre las medidas cefalométricas en el plano vertical y cada uno de los componentes ancestrales, evidenció un grado de correlación positiva leve entre Go-Gn/S-N y el componente europeo (R de Pearson = 0,192, Vp = 0,030), para el resto de las medidas no se evidenció ningún grado de correlación con ninguna de las ancestrías evaluadas, estas tampoco se mostraron asociadas a la clasificación esqueletal de la población de estudio. Conclusión: Los resultados del presente estudio nos permiten concluir que el tratamiento por parte del ortodoncista puede tener grandes efectos en el plano vertical, ya que, se encontró poca asociación entre los hallazgos verticales y las características genéticas ancestralesObjective: to determine the relationship between craniofacial morphology in the vertical plane and the ancestral component of adult patients seen at the orthodontic clinic of the UCC. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in a total of 130 patients with an average age of 22±12 years. A mouthwash sample was taken in 10 ml of saline solution and DNA was extracted to analyze genetic polymorphisms. Twenty ancestry informative markers (AIMs) were typed in each DNA sample. From the cephalic radiographs of each patient we obtained the anatomical points and the 6 angular measurements indicated to analyze the craniofacial growth in the vertical plane including the analysis of soft tissues. Results: in relation to the ancestry results it was found that the average for the European ancestral component was 67.26 ± 9.18%, for the Amerindian it was 21.48 ± 6.59% and for the African it was 10.86 ± 7.13%. Among the measures of growth in the vertical plane with the greatest variation were FH/PP - PO/S-N and those with the least variability were Ar-Go-Me, AFP/AFA. The analysis of correlations between the cephalometric measurements in the vertical plane and each of the ancestral components showed a slight positive correlation between Go-Gn/S-N and the European component (Pearson's R = 0.192, Vp = 0.030), for the rest of the measurements there was no correlation with any of the ancestries evaluated, and these were not associated with the skeletal classification of the study population. Conclusion: The results of the present study allow us to conclude that the treatment by the orthodontist can have great effects on the vertical plane, since little association was found between the vertical findings and the ancestral genetic [email protected]
Author Correction: Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines BNT162b2 and CoronaVac in healthy adolescents (Nature Communications, (2022), 13, 1, (3700), 10.1038/s41467-022-31485-z)
No full textIn this article, the affiliation ‘HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China’ for Carolyn A. Cohen, Asmaa Hachim, Niloufar Kavian and Sophie Valkenburg was missing. The original article has been corrected.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Manipulación manual de de cargas pesadas, dolor lumbar, cambios degenerativos lumbares, respuesta inflamatoria y condición cardiorrespiratoria en una población de coteros de Manizales
No full textIlustraciones, fotos, gráficasspa:Introducción: El dolor lumbar es considerado un problema de salud pública de origen
multifactorial y con alta prevalencia en la población general. Frecuentemente se reporta en
trabajadores, deportistas y adultos mayores. Los factores de riesgo descritos en la literatura para
padecer dolor lumbar son la edad, la afectación de las estructuras vertebrales, la ocupación que
implique posturas forzadas o manipulación manual de cargas, la condición cardiorrespiratoria
deficiente o un elevado porcentaje de grasa corporal. El dolor lumbar de origen ocupacional, es
una de las principales causas de incapacidad, ausentismo laboral y consulta médica. Una causa
común de dolor lumbar de origen ocupacional es la degeneración discal lumbar con o sin
afectación de otras estructuras vertebrales, como las articulaciones facetarias y las placas
terminales cartilaginosas. Los procesos degenerativos lumbares se acompañan de procesos
biológicos como la inflamación, intentos de regeneración celular, angiogénesis y regulación de la
matriz extracelular. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar en una población de
coteros de la ciudad de Manizales, la prevalencia de dolor lumbar, los cambios degenerativos
lumbares, la respuesta inflamatoria y la condición cardiorrespiratoria asociados a la manipulación
de cargas pesadas.
Metodología: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, no experimental, transversal de tipo correlacional.
Una población de 102 coteros de la plaza de mercado la ciudad de Manizales fue invitada a
participar. Los criterios de inclusión para el estudio fueron: ser de sexo masculino, entre los 20 y
60 años de edad, con al menos un año en la ocupación como cotero realizando levantamiento de
cargas con un peso igual o superior a 40 kg, capacidad de realizar esfuerzo físico intenso con
aceptación y firma el consentimiento informado. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico
determinando una muestra de 58 sujetos que realizaron el proceso de evaluación para analizar las
siguientes variables: dolor lumbar por medio de una encuesta, cambios degenerativos lumbares
determinados por imágenes de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear lumbosacra de tipo simple,
respuesta inflamatoria determinada por la cuantificación mediante método ELISA de la citoquina
proinflamatoria IL1-β y antinflamatoria CCL5 RANTES, capacidad cardiorrespiratoria de acuerdo
al VO2max establecido con una prueba en cicloergómetro. El análisis estadístico se realizó de
acuerdo a categorías de edad y tiempo de ocupación en tres fases: análisis univariado para las
variables cualitativas y cuantitativas, bivariado estableciendo asociaciones entre las variables
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cualitativas, matrices de correlación entre las variables cuantitativas y pruebas de comparación de
medias para variables cualitativas y cuantitativas con una prueba post hoc (Test de Bonferroni).
Finalmente se realizó un análisis multivariado en el que se realizó un análisis correlacional (modelo
predictivo) y un análisis clúster. Los valores de p < 0.05 fueron considerados estadísticamente
significativos.
Resultados: La prevalencia de dolor lumbar en la población de coteros fue del 55.2%, con una
duración promedio de 5.1 años. Esta condición no se encontró asociada con la edad, sin embargo,
si se comprobó una asociación entre el dolor lumbar y el tiempo de ocupación en los sujetos que
llevan entre 1 y 10 años en la labor como coteros. El índice de levantamiento promedio para los
sujetos en una tarea simple de levantamiento fue 15.9 ±3.7. El índice de discapacidad de Oswestry
demostró que el 90.6% de los sujetos presentó una discapacidad mínima por dolor lumbar. Los
cambios anatómicos lumbares fueron analizados desde el punto de vista anatómico por la
afectación de los discos intervertebrales, las articulaciones facetarias y las placas terminales
cartilaginosas reportada en las imágenes de RMN. Se identificaron cambios degenerativos en todos
los discos intervertebrales en diferente grado y en las articulaciones facetarias principalmente en
los niveles L4 a S1, por otro lado, las placas terminales cartilaginosas se encontraron sanas en el
82.8% de los sujetos. La IL1-β se reportó en concentraciones negativas en el 91% de los
participantes, mientras que la concentración de CCL5 RANTES demostró concentraciones
positivas en el 100% de los sujetos dentro de los rangos reportados por estudios similares. La
condición cardiorrespiratoria es deficiente en casi la totalidad de los sujetos. Se pudo demostrar
que la variable que mejor relación lineal tiene con el VO2max es el contenido de grasa corporal, por
lo que se propuso un modelo predictivo de VO2max para los sujetos que realizan manipulación
manual de cargas pesadas. Al realizar el análisis multivariado tipo clúster se encontraron dos
grupos de sujetos con características similares. El grupo de los sujetos de mayor edad conformado
por 26 sujetos, quienes reportaron mayor tiempo en la ocupación, menor capacidad
cardiorrespiratoria, tendencia al sobrepeso en su IMC y con mayor afectación en la unidad
vertebral. Un segundo grupo conformado por 32 sujetos mas jóvenes, con menor tiempo en la
ocupación como coteros, mejor condición cardiorrespiratoria y daños leves a moderados en la
unidad vertebral.
iv
Discusión: La prevalencia de dolor lumbar en coteros (55.2%) es inferior a la descrita en la
literatura para trabajadores en el área de la salud que alcanza el 69%, según lo descrito por García
(2014), (1) y 72% según los descrito por Mroczek en 2020 (2). El índice de levantamiento (IL)
descrito por Muraca (2007) para porteros hoteleros de sexo masculino, es muy inferior al reportado
por los coteros, 5 y 15.9 respectivamente. La discapacidad generada por dolor lumbar es mínima
o ninguna en el 90.6% en la población de coteros, muy diferente a lo reportado por Mroczek (2020)
que demostró discapacidad moderada a severa en enfermeros y paramédicos con una particular
afectación de la calidad de vida. La edad no se asocia con la prevalencia de dolor lumbar y en este
grupo poblacional los sujetos mayores de 46 años son los que reportaron menor prevalencia de
esta condición (15%), mientras que Alhowimel (2022), demostró que los adultos de sexo
masculino entre 35 y 55 años, son mucho más propensos al dolor lumbar que los niños y
adolescentes (3).
Recomendaciones: De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio, se sugiere: a)
realizar nuevos estudios con un mayor número de participantes y comparativo con otros grupos
poblacionales; b) diseñar una escala de medición funcional de la discapacidad por dolor lumbar
específica para sujetos que levantan cargas pesadas; c) considerar otros métodos diagnósticos y
biomarcadores como la electromiografía de superficie, la resonancia magnética dinámica o una de
mayor resolución; d) validar las hipótesis y modelo predictivo resultante en nuevos estudios.eng:Introduction: Low back pain is considered a public health problem with multifactorial origin and
high prevalence in the general population. This condition is reported in workers, athletes, and older
adultsfrequently. The risk factors described in the literature for low back pain are age, involvement
of vertebral structures, an occupation that involves forced postures or manual handling of loads,
poor cardiorespiratory condition, or a high percentage of body fat. Occupational low back pain is
one of the main causes of disability, absenteeism from work, and medical consultation. A common
cause of occupational low back pain is lumbar disc degeneration with or without the involvement
of other vertebral structures, such as facet joints and cartilaginous endplates. Lumbar degenerative
processes are accompanied by biological processes such as inflammation, attempts at cell
regeneration, angiogenesis, and regulation of the extracellular matrix. The main objective of this
study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain, lumbar degenerative changes,
inflammatory response, and cardiorespiratory conditions associated with handling heavy loads in
a population of coteros in the city of Manizales.
Methodology: This is a descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional correlational study. A
population of 102 coteros from the market square of Manizales was invited to participate. The
inclusion criteria for the study were: being male, between 20 and 60 years old, with at least one
year in the occupation as a cotero lifting loads with a weight equal to or greater than 40 kg, ability
to perform intense physical effort with acceptance and signing of the informed consent. A
probabilistic sampling was carried out determining a sample of 58 subjects who underwent the
evaluation process to analyze the following variables: low back pain by means of a survey, lumbar
degenerative changes determined by simple lumbosacral Magnetic Resonance Imaging images,
inflammatory response determined by the quantification by ELISA method of the proinflammatory cytokine IL1-β and anti-inflammatory CCL5 RANTES, cardiorespiratory capacity
according to the VO2max established with a cycloergometer test. The statistical analysis was
carried out according to categories of age and time of occupation in three phases: univariate
analysis for qualitative and quantitative variables, bivariate analysis establishing associations
between qualitative variables, correlation matrices between quantitative variables and tests of
comparison of means for qualitative and quantitative variables with a post hoc test (Bonferroni
test). Finally, a multivariate analysis was performed in which a correlational analysis (predictive
vi
model) and a cluster analysis were performed. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically
significant.
Results: The prevalence of low back pain in coteros population was 55.2%, with an average
duration of 5.1 years. This condition was not found to be associated with age, however, an
association between low back pain and occupation time was found in subjects who have been
working as coteros for between 1 and 10 years. The average lifting rate for subjects on a simple
lifting task was 15.9 ±3.7. The Oswestry Disability Index showed that 90.6% of the subjects had
minimal disability due to low back pain. Lumbar anatomical changes were analyzed from the
anatomical point of view by the involvement of the intervertebral discs, facet joints and
cartilaginous endplates reported in the MRI images. Degenerative changes were identified in all
intervertebral discs to different degrees and in facet joints mainly at levels L4 to S1, on the other
hand, cartilaginous endplates were found healthy in 82.8% of the subjects. IL1-β was reported at
negative concentrations in 91% of participants, while CCL5 RANTES concentration demonstrated
positive concentrations in 100% of subjects within the ranges reported by similar studies.
Cardiorespiratory fitness is deficient in almost all subjects. It was possible to demonstrate that the
variable with the best linear relationship with VO2max is body fat content, so a predictive model of
VO2max was proposed for subjects who perform manual handling of heavy loads. When performing
the cluster-type multivariate analysis, two groups of subjects with similar characteristics were
found. The group of older subjects made up of 26 subjects, who reported longer time in occupation,
lower cardiorespiratory capacity, tendency to overweight in their BMI and with greater
involvement in the vertebral unit. A second group consisted of 32 younger subjects, with less time
in the occupation as coteros, better cardiorespiratory fitness and mild to moderate damage to the
vertebral unit.
Discussion: The prevalence of low back pain in coteros (55.2%) is lower than that described in
the literature for health workers, which reaches 69%, as described by García (2014), (1) and 72%
as described by Mroczek in 2020 (2). The lifting index (IL) described by Muraca (2007) for male
hotel porters is much lower than that reported by coteros, 5 and 15.9 respectively. Disability caused
by low back pain is minimal or none in 90.6% of the population of coteros, very different from
what was reported by Mroczek (2020) who demonstrated moderate to severe disability in nurses
and paramedics with a particular impact on quality of life. Age is not associated with the
vii
prevalence of low back pain and in this population group, subjects over 46 years of age are the
ones who reported the lowest prevalence of this condition (15%), while Alhowimel (2022), showed
that male adults between 35 and 55 years of age are much more prone to low back pain than
children and adolescents (3).
Recommendations: According to the results obtained in this study, it is suggested: a) to carry out
new studies with a greater number of participants and comparison with other population groups;
b) design a functional scale for measuring disability due to low back pain specific to subjects who
lift heavy loads; c) consider other diagnostic methods and biomarkers such as surface
electromyography, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging or a higher resolution one; d) validate
the hypotheses and resulting predictive model in new studies.Introducción / SECCIÓN I. ASPECTOS BIOMÉDICOS / Capítulo 1. Manipulación manual de cargas pesadas (MMC) / 1.1 Descripción de las tareas de MMC realizadas por los coteros / Capítulo 2. Dolor lumbar / Capítulo 3. Cambios degenerativos lumbares y respuesta inflamatoria / 3.1 Resonancia Magnética Nuclear (RMN) / 3.2 Cambios degenerativos lumbares / 3.3 Respuesta inflamatoria / 3.4 Interleuquina 1- beta (IL-1β) / 3.5 Quimiocina CCL5-RANTES / 3.6 Inmunoensayo Enzimático ligado a Enzimas (ELISA) / Capítulo 4. Condición cardiorrespiratoria / SECCIÓN II. ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS / Capítulo 5. Consideraciones metodológicas / 5.1 Objetivo general / 5.2 Objetivos específicos / 5.3 Hipótesis / 5.4 Aspectos éticos / 5.5 Diseño del estudio / 5.6 Análisis estadístico / 5.7 Aspectos técnicos / 5.8 Pruebas de laboratorio / 5.9 Almacenamiento y manejo de muestras / 5.10 Prueba VIH / 5.11 Análisis de citoquinas / 5.12 Resonancia Magnética Nuclear (RMN) / 5.13 Prueba de cicloergómetro (V̇ O2max) / SECCIÓN III. RESULTADOS, DISCUSIÓN, CONCLUSIONES, RECOMENDACIONES, LIMITACIONES DEL ESTUDIO / Capítulo 6. Resultados / 6.1 Prevalencia de dolor lumbar / 6.2 Cambios anatómicos lumbares / 6.3 Respuesta inflamatoria / 6.4 Consumo máximo de oxígeno (V̇ O2max) / 6.5 Asociación entre las variables / 6.6 Análisis correlacional (Modelo Predictivo V̇ O2max) / 6.7 Análisis Clúster / 6.8 Análisis de correlación entre variables cuantitativas / Capítulo 7. Discusión / Capítulo 8. Conclusiones y recomendaciones / 8.1 Conclusiones / 8.2 Recomendaciones / Capítulo 9. Limitaciones del estudio / MECANISMOS DE SOCIALIZACIÓN DE LOS RESULTADOS / REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAFICAS ANEXOSDoctoradoDoctor(a) en Ciencias Biomédica
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Author Correction: Mature Andean forests as globally important carbon sinks and future carbon refuges
No full textAntibody and T cell responses against wild-type and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 after third-dose BNT162b2 in adolescents
No full textThe high effectiveness of the third dose of BNT162b2 in healthy adolescents against Omicron BA.1 has been reported in some studies, but immune responses conferring this protection are not yet elucidated. In this analysis, our study (NCT04800133) aims to evaluate the humoral and cellular responses against wild-type and Omicron (BA.1, BA.2 and/or BA.5) SARS-CoV-2 before and after a third dose of BNT162b2 in healthy adolescents. At 5 months after 2 doses, S IgG, S IgG Fc receptor-binding, and neutralising antibody responses waned significantly, yet neutralising antibodies remained detectable in all tested adolescents and S IgG avidity increased from 1 month after 2 doses. The antibody responses and S-specific IFN-γ+ and IL-2+ CD8+ T cell responses were significantly boosted in healthy adolescents after a homologous third dose of BNT162b2. Compared to adults, humoral responses for the third dose were non-inferior or superior in adolescents. The S-specific IFN-γ+ and IL-2+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in adolescents and adults were comparable or non-inferior. Interestingly, after 3 doses, adolescents had preserved S IgG, S IgG avidity, S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding, against Omicron BA.2, as well as preserved cellular responses against BA.1 S and moderate neutralisation levels against BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5. Sera from 100 and 96% of adolescents tested at 1 and 5 months after two doses could also neutralise BA.1. Our study found high antibody and T cell responses, including potent cross-variant reactivity, after three doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents in its current formulation, suggesting that current vaccines can be protective against symptomatic Omicron disease
Epigenetic aberrations and cancer
No full textThe correlation between epigenetic aberrations and disease underscores the importance of epigenetic mechanisms. Here, we review recent findings regarding chromatin modifications and their relevance to cancer
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