447,185 research outputs found
Root developmental responses to heterogeneous water and nitrogen supply
No full textBetter understanding of the interaction between the soil physical properties determining water and nitrate availability and the root proliferation and gene expression components of nutrient acquisition could contribute to food security, but may have been limited by experimental systems.
A sand rhizotron system was developed to investigate Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root responses to altered water and nitrate supply as manipulated by soil physical properties. When this system was compared to agar, root disparities were explained by differences in hydraulic properties, highlighting the importance of the soil physical component. The sand rhizotron system was adopted to quantify root proliferation and gene expression responses to altered water and nitrate availability in wild-type and selected mutant seedlings.
In the sand rhizotron system, primary root length and lateral root density were oppositely regulated by water availability, but similarly independent of nitrate supply. The expression of the nitrate transporter AtNRT2.1 and the aquaporin AtPIP2.2 was coordinated across all treatments. Their concentration-dependent hydraulic regulation was confirmed for AtNRT2.1 by in situ imaging of a Green Fluorescent Protein reporter line. AtNAR2.1 and AtNRT2.1 expression demonstrated independent responses to water and nitrate availability despite the requirement of AtNAR2.1 for AtNRT2.1 uptake function. Root proliferation responses to water availability under high (10.0 mM) nitrate were lost in the atnar2.1 mutant and coincided with altered hormone-associated gene (AtEIN2, AtABI4 and AtIPT5) expression. Root proliferation and AtNAR2.1 responses to water availability under high (10.0 mM) nitrate required AtPIP2.2. The coordination of root proliferation and gene expression responses to altered water and nitrate availability is proposed, that includes novel roles for AtNRT2.1, AtNAR2.1 and AtPIP2.2
Marriner S. Eccles, correspondence related to Federal Reserve [07]
No full textCorrespondence of Marriner S. Eccles from 1962 through 1974 with members of the Federal Reserve Board and Federal Reserve banks and with others about Federal Reserve matters. Correspondents include journalist Nate White, Oren Root, Federal Reserve Chairman Arthur Burns, and John J. Balles. Includes a 20-page typescript of a statement by Oren Root, New York\u27s Superintendent of Banks, before the Subcommittee on Bank Supervision and Insurance of the House Committee on Banking and Currency on 10 May 1963; and a 10-page typescript of a speech by Marriner S. Eccles entitled "The Dual System of Banking," delivered before the National Association of Supervisors of State Banks on 17 September 1943
Root traits for infertile soils
No full textThis work was supported by the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) of the Scottish Government through Workpackage 3.3 (2011–2016)Crop production is often restricted by the availability of essential mineral elements. For example, the availability of N, P, K, and S limits low-input agriculture, the phytoavailability of Fe, Zn, and Cu limits crop production on alkaline and calcareous soils, and P, Mo, Mg, Ca,and K deficiencies, together with proton, Al and Mn toxicities, limit crop production on acid soils. Since essential mineral elements are acquired by the root system, the development of crop genotypes with root traits increasing their acquisition should increase yields on infertile soils. This paper examines root traits likely to improve the acquisition of these elements and observes that, although the efficient acquisition of a particular element requires a specific set of root traits, suites of traits can be identified that benefit the acquisition of a group of mineral elements. Elements can be divided into three Groups based on common trait requirements. Group 1 comprises N, S, K, B, and P. Group 2 comprises Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ni. Group 3 contains mineral elements that rarely affect crop production. It is argued that breeding for a limited number of distinct root ideotypes,addressing particular combinations of mineral imbalances, should be pursued.Peer reviewe
Range Unit Root (RUR) Tests: Robust against Nonlinearities, Error Distributions, Structural Breaks and Outliers
No full textSince the seminal paper by Dickey and Fuller in 1979, unit-root tests have conditioned the standard approaches to analysing time series with strong serial dependence in mean behaviour, the focus being placed on the detection of eventual unit roots in an autoregressive model fitted to the series. In this paper, we propose a completely different method to test for the type of long-wave patterns observed not only in unit-root time series but also in series following more complex data-generating mechanisms. To this end, our testing device analyses the unit-root persistence exhibited by the data while imposing very few constraints on the generating mechanism. We call our device the range unit-root (RUR) test since it is constructed from the running ranges of the series from which we derive its limit distribution. These nonparametric statistics endow the test with a number of desirable properties, the invariance to monotonic transformations of the series and the robustness to the presence of important parameter shifts. Moreover, the RUR test outperforms the power of standard unit-root tests on near-unit-root stationary time series; it is invariant with respect to the innovations distribution and asymptotically immune to noise. An extension of the RUR test, called the forward?backward range unit-root (FB-RUR) improves the check in the presence of additive outliers. Finally, we illustrate the performances of both range tests and their discrepancies with the Dickey?Fuller unit-root test on exchange rate series.Publicad
Oh, if she were my own, if Maggie were my own [first line of chorus]
No full textstrophic with choruspiano and voice (solo and satb chorus)To E. Chamberlin, Esq. of Milwaukee.ads on back cover for Root & Cady stockJohns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
130, Item 086Words by Lieut. S.H.M. Byers. Music by Geo. F. Root
Hear! hear the shout that today rings out from a million voices clear [first line of chorus]
No full textstrophic with choruspiano and voice (solo and satb chorus)ads on back cover for Geo. F. Root stock34Johns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
133, Item 013Words by Mrs. S.M. Smith. Music by George F. Root.Lakeside Press Print, Chicag
Hear! hear the shout that today rings out from a million voices clear [first line of chorus]
No full textstrophic with choruspiano and voice (solo and satb chorus)ads on back cover for Geo. F. Root stock34Johns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
133, Item 013Words by Mrs. S.M. Smith. Music by George F. Root.Lakeside Press Print, Chicag
Oh, if she were my own, if Maggie were my own [first line of chorus]
No full textstrophic with choruspiano and voice (solo and satb chorus)To E. Chamberlin, Esq. of Milwaukee.ads on back cover for Root & Cady stockJohns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
130, Item 086Words by Lieut. S.H.M. Byers. Music by Geo. F. Root
We shall meet, but we shall miss him, there will be one vacant chair [first line of chorus]
No full textstrophic with choruspiano and voiceads on inside front and on back covers for Root & Cady stock133-4music same as Box 90 Item 109Music is duplicated in 090.109.Music is duplicated in 090.113.Music is duplicated in 090.112.Music is duplicated in 090.114.Cover is duplicated in 090.111.
Music is duplicated in 090.111.Johns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
090, Item 110Words by H.S.W. Music by Geo. F. Root
Measurement-based large-signal diode model, automated data acquisition system, and verifcation with on-wafer power harmonic measurements
No full text- …
