199,192 research outputs found
Legal Issues regarding Software Use and Reuse within the European Union Legislation
No full textThis paper addresses the problem of legal issues in the use and reuse of a software artifact with reference to the European Union regulations. Up to now software have been protected by means of the author law, however they are very different from other artifacts subject to the author law. This problem is getting more urgent as reuse is becoming a widely used software development methodology. Guidelines for implementing an" almost safe" contract for using and reusing software artifact are presented here. Questions regarding common misconceptions of the rights of the purchasers are also described
L. Šestov; E. Sevela; A. D. Sinjavskij; V. B. Šklovskij; A.I . Solženicyn; V. A. Sosnora; A. N. e B. N. Strugackij, Ju. G. K. Terapiano, F. I. Tjučev, V. S. Tokareva, T. N. Tolstaja, I. P. Utkin, K. K. Vaginov, A. V. Vampilov, A. F. Veltman, F. G. Volkov, A. I. Vvedenskij, V. S. Vysockij, E. I. Zamjatin, «Znamja», «Znanie», M. M. Zoščenko, «Zvezda»
No full textVoci per l'enciclopedia italiana "La Piccola Treccani" relative agli autori, riviste russi: L. Šestov; E. Sevela; A. D. Sinjavskij; V. B. Šklovskij; A.I . Solženicyn; V. A. Sosnora; A. N. e B. N. Strugackij, Ju. G. K. Terapiano, F. I. Tjučev, V. S. Tokareva, T. N. Tolstaja, I. P. Utkin, K. K. Vaginov, A. V. Vampilov, A. F. Veltman, F. G. Volkov, A. I. Vvedenskij, V. S. Vysockij, E. I. Zamjatin, «Znamja», «Znanie», M. M. Zoščenko, «Zvezda».Entries for the Italian encyclopedia "La Piccola Treccani" about the authors and the Russian journals: L. Shestov; E. Sevela; A. D. Siniavsky; V. B. Shklovsky; A.I . Solzhenicyn; V. A. Sosnora; A. N. e B. N. Strugacky, Yu. G. K. Terapiano, F. I. Tjuchev, V. S. Tokareva, T. N. Tolstaya, I. P. Utkin, K. K. Vaginov, A. V. Vampilov, A. F. Veltman, F. G. Volkov, A. I. Vvedenskij, V. S. Vysocki, E. I. Zamyatin, «Znamya», «Znanie», M. M. Zoshchenko, «Zvezda
Elastin fiber-associated glycosaminoglycans in beta-aminopropionitrile-induced lathyrism.
No full textRuthenium red and toluidine blue O precipitates were described associated with lathyritic elastic fibers in aortas of chickens treated with beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate (I. Pasquali-Ronchetti, C. Fornieri, I. Castellani, G. M. Bressan, and D. Volpin (1981). Alterations of the connective tissue components induced by beta-aminopropionitrile. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 35, 42-56). In this report evidence is given that these precipitates reveal the presence of proteoglycans, as they are completely removed by 5 M guanidine-HCl incubation and by specific enzymatic digestions. In particular, proteoglycans associated with the poorly cross-linked lathyritic elastin can be removed by testicular hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, heparitinase, and nitrous acid treatments, whereas they are rather resistant to streptococcal hyaluronidase and chondroitinase AC. On the contrary, proteoglycans of the matrix or associated with collagen fibers are particularly sensitive to these latter enzymatic treatments. The conclusion is reached that glycosaminoglycans associated with beta-aminopropionitrile-induced lathyritic elastin (i) are different from those of the matrix or associated with collagen, and (ii) include mainly dermatan and heparan sulfates
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE): ultrastructural and biochemical study on proteoglycan and proteoglycan-associated material produced by skin fibroblasts in vitro.
No full textPseudoxanthoma elasticum is a genetic disease characterized by progressive mineralization of elastic fibers. Previous studies suggested that other components, apart from elastin, might be involved in the alterations of this connective tissue disorder (Martinez-Hernandez and Huffer, 1974; Pasquali Ronchetti et al., 1981; 1986). Evidence is presented that proteoglycan metabolism is altered in PXE-affected patient. Urinary GAGs suggests an increased degradation of glucosamine-containing GAGs in the patient. Pulse and chase experiments on in vitro skin fibroblasts indicated a decreased rate of synthesis of [35SO4] containing GAGs or an increase of their turnover rate in PXE. Moreover, when PGs produced from skin fibroblasts were identified by ultracentrifugation and gel filtration in associative conditions, PXE fibroblasts produced a significantly higher amount of the high molecular weight fraction of sulfated PGs. This high molecular weight material was present both in the medium and in the matrix and disappeared under dissociative conditions or after treatment with hyaluronidase or with pancreas elastase. By electron microscopy, PXE fibroblasts appeared to produce and secrete an enormous amount of toluidine blue 0 positive material organized as filaments and amorphous masses. These data are in agreement with previous observations of the presence of abnormal masses of microfilaments, in the dermis of PXE patients, which were sensitive to hyaluronidase and partially to trypsin and elastase (Pasquali Ronchetti et al., 1986). The results seem to confirm that at least some of the alterations of connective tissues in PXE are due to abnormal PGs metabolism and to their tendency to form abnormal aggregates in the extracellular space
A journey in single steps: robust one-step M-estimation
No full textWe present a unified treatment of different types of one-step M-estimation in regression models which incorporates the Newton–Raphson, method of scoring and iteratively reweighted least squares forms of one-step estimator. We use higher order expansions to distinguish between the different forms of estimator and the effects of different initial estimators. We show that the Newton–Raphson form has better properties than the method of scoring form which, in turn, has better properties than the iteratively reweighted least squares form. We also show that the best choice of initial estimator is a smooth, robust estimator which converges at the rate n?1/2. These results have important consequences for the common data-analytic strategy of using a least squares analysis on "clean" data obtained by deleting observations with extreme residuals from an initial least squares fit. It is shown that the resulting estimator is an iteratively reweighted least squares one-step estimator with least squares as the initial estimator, giving it the worst performance of the one-step estimators we consider: inferences resulting from this strategy are neither valid nor robust
DETERMINATION OF NITRILOTRIACETIC ACID AS METHYL-ESTER BY CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY - MASS-SPECTROMETRY
No full textLe raccolte letterarie della Casa Editrice "Znanie"
No full textRicostruzione dell'esperienza editoriale del gruppo di scrittori raccolti attorno a M. Gor'kij che hanno partecipato alla pubblicazione degli almanacchi letterari di "Znanie" (1904-19013)The editorial experience of the group of writers gathered around M. Gorky who participated in the publication of literary almanacs "Znanie" (1904-19013
Sistemi territoriali di orientamento e strumenti normativi: il problema del raccordo istituzionale
No full textRobust and accurate inference for generalized linear models
No full textIn the framework of generalized linear models, the nonrobustness of classical estimators and tests for the parameters is a well known problem, and alternative methods have been proposed in the literature. These methods are robust and can cope with deviations from the assumed distribution. However, they are based on first order asymptotic theory, and their accuracy in moderate to small samples is still an open question. In this paper, we propose a test statistic which combines robustness and good accuracy for moderate to small sample sizes. We combine results from Cantoni and Ronchetti [E. Cantoni, E. Ronchetti, Robust inference for generalized linear models, Journal of the American Statistical Association 96 (2001) 1022-1030] and Robinson, Ronchetti and Young [J. Robinson, E. Ronchetti, G.A. Young, Saddlepoint approximations and tests based on multivariate M-estimators, The Annals of Statistics 31 (2003) 1154-1169] to obtain a robust test statistic for hypothesis testing and variable selection, which is asymptotically [chi]2-distributed as the three classical tests but with a relative error of order O(n-1). This leads to reliable inference in the presence of small deviations from the assumed model distribution, and to accurate testing and variable selection, even in moderate to small samples.M-estimators Monte Carlo Robust inference Robust variable selection Saddlepoint techniques Saddlepoint test
SIGNIFICATO CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICO DELLE DETERMINAZIONI SIEROLOGICHE E DI TEST DI POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN UNA POPOLAZIONE PEDIATRICA OSPEDALIZZATA PER FLOGOSI DELLE BASSE VIE RESPIRATORIE
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