33,363 research outputs found
INTERNAL SOURCES OF INVESTMENTS AS A KEY DRIVER FOR THE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
No full textKukurudza I, Romashchenko K, Romashchenko T. INTERNAL SOURCES OF INVESTMENTS AS A KEY DRIVER FOR THE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE. CHERKASY UNIVERSITY BULLETIN: ECONOMICS SCIENCES. 2022;26(1-2)
Exploiting knowledge of immune selection in HIV-1 to detect HIV-specific CD8 T-cell responses
Get PDFSince HLA-restricted cytotoxic T-cell responses select specific polymorphisms in HIV-1 sequences and HLA diversity is relatively static in human populations, we investigated the use of peptide epitopes based on sites of HLA-associated adaptation in HIV-1 sequences to stimulate and detect T-cell responses ex vivo. These "HLA-optimised" peptides captured more HIV-1 Nef-specific responses compared with overlapping peptides of a single consensus sequence, in interferon-γ enzyme linked immunospot assays. Sites of immune selection can reveal more immunogenic epitopes in HLA-diverse populations and offer insights into the nature of HLA-epitope targeting, which could be applied in vaccine design
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
Get PDFIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Long-term wind-driven X-ray spectral variability of NGC 1365 with Swift
No full textWe present long-term (months–years) X-ray spectral variability of the Seyfert 1.8 galaxy NGC 1365 as observed by Swift, which provides well-sampled observations over a much longer time-scale (six years) and a much larger flux range than is afforded by other observatories. At very low luminosities, the spectrum is very soft, becoming rapidly harder as the luminosity increases and then, above a particular luminosity, softening again. At a given flux level, the scatter in hardness ratio is not very large, meaning that the spectral shape is largely determined by the luminosity. The spectra were therefore summed in luminosity bins and fitted with a variety of models. The best-fitting model consists of two power laws, one unabsorbed and another, more luminous, which is absorbed. In this model, we find a range of intrinsic 0.5–10.0 keV luminosities of approximately 1.1–3.5 erg s?1, and a very large range of absorbing columns, of approximately 1022–1024 cm?2. Interestingly, we find that the absorbing column decreases with increasing luminosity, but that this result is not due to changes in ionization. We suggest that these observations might be interpreted in terms of a wind model in which the launch radius varies as a function of ionizing flux and disc temperature and therefore moves out with increasing accretion rate, i.e. increasing X-ray luminosity. Thus, depending on the inclination angle of the disc relative to the observer, the absorbing column may decrease as the accretion rate goes up. The weaker, unabsorbed, component may be a scattered component from the wind
DNA fusion gene vaccination mobilizes effective anti-leukemic cytotoxic T lymphocytes from a tolerized repertoire
No full textThe majority of known human tumor-associated antigens derive from non-mutated self proteins. T cell tolerance, essential to prevent autoimmunity, must therefore be cautiously circumvented to generate cytotoxic T cell responses against these targets. Our strategy uses DNA fusion vaccines to activate high levels of peptide-specific CTL. Key foreign sequences from tetanus toxin activate tolerance-breaking CD4+ T cell help. Candidate MHC class Ibinding tumor peptide sequences are fused to the C terminus for optimal processing and presentation. To model performance against a leukemia-associated antigen in a tolerized setting, we constructed a fusion vaccine encoding an immunodominant CTL epitopederived from Friend murine leukemia virus gag protein (FMuLVgag) and vaccinated tolerant FMuLVgag-transgenic (gag-Tg) mice. Vaccination with the construct induced epitopespecificIFN-c-producing CD8+ T cells in normal and gag-Tg mice. The frequency and avidity of activated cells were reduced in gag-Tg mice, and no autoimmune injury resulted. However, these CD8+ T cells did exhibit gag-specific cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Also, epitope-specific CTL killed FBL-3 leukemia cells expressing endogenous FMuLVgag antigen and protected against leukemia challenge in vivo. These results demonstrate a simple strategy to engage anti-microbial T cell help to activate epitope-specific polyclonal CD8+ T cell responses from a residual tolerized repertoire
Trip account
No full textTrip account - AMs, 15 pp.
“I am attempting to give you some account of a recent vacation trip which we were privileged to enjoy - Rose, Mother and I…” As the account of the trip to view the eclipse is unsigned, we can’t say for sure but as the author states “Rose, Mother and I” one could logically assume that the author is a sibling of T. Rose Curtis
Bianchi type-I universe in f(R, T) modified gravity with quark matter and Λ
Get PDF32nd International Physics Congress of Turkish-Physical-Society (TPS) -- SEP 06-09, 2016 -- Bodrum, TURKEYIn this study, we investigate homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type I universe in the presence of quark matter source in f (R, T) gravity (Harko et al. in Phys. Rev. D 84:024020, 2011) with cosmological constant A (where R is the Ricci scalar and T is the trace of the energy momentum tensor). For this aim we have used the anisotropy feature of Bianchi type I universe and equation of states (EoS) of quark matter. We explore the exact solution f(R, T)=R + 2f(T) model for Bianchi type I universe model. When t -> infinity, we get very small cosmological constant value, this result agrees with recent observations.Turkish Phys So
Stably stratified shear-produced turbulence and large-scalewaves in a lid driven cavity
No full textWe study experimentally stably stratified sheared turbulence and large-scale flows and waves in a lid driven cavity with a non-zero vertical mean temperature gradient. Geometrical properties of the large-scale vortex (e.g., its size and form) and the level of small-scale turbulence inside the vortex are controlled by the buoyancy (i.e., by the temperature stratification). The observed velocity fluctuations are produced by the shear of the large-scale vortex. At larger stratification obtained in our experiments, the strong turbulence region is located at the upper part of the cavity where the large scale vortex exists. In this region the Brunt-Väisälä frequency is small and increases in the direction outside the large-scale vortex. This is the reason of that the large-scale internal gravity waves are observed in the regions outside the large-scale vortex. We found these waves by analyzing the non instantaneous correlation functions of the temperature and velocity fields. The observed large-scale waves are nonlinear because the frequency of the waves determined from the temperature field measurements is two times smaller than that obtained from the velocity field measurements. The measured intensity of the waves is of the order of the level of the temperature turbulent fluctuations
Letter from Gary T. Miyatake to participants in the Poston I Reunion, October 30, 1992
No full textA letter sent from Gary T. Miyatake to attendants of the Poston I reunion. Toyo Photo Studio photographed the event and offers a complementary photo to the attendants.The Kuwahara Family Papers contains documentation of the Kuwahara family depicting the daily life and people incarcerated in the Poston camp in Arizona during World War II. Materials include: junior high school, high school, and camp community newsletters in both Japanese and English, a short travel journal written by Kenji Kaware of his time away from the Psoton camp, visiting the Granada camp in Colorado and Salt Lake and the Topaz camp in Utah, photographs of class groups, farm workers, and desert landscape, watercolor paintings of the camp facilities, and programs and booklets of the family and community reunions of the Poston incarceration camp
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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