954 research outputs found
Health-related quality of life as measured with EQ-5D among populations with and without specific chronic conditions: A population-based survey in Shaanxi province, China
No full text© 2013 Tan et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as measured by EQ-5D and to investigate the influence of chronic conditions and other risk factors on HRQoL based on a distributed sample located in Shaanxi Province, China. Methods: A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was performed to select subjects. EQ-5D was employed to measure the HRQoL. The likelihood that individuals with selected chronic diseases would report any problem in the EQ-5D dimensions was calculated and tested relative to that of each of the two reference groups. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate factors associated with EQ VAS. Results: The most frequently reported problems involved pain/discomfort (8.8%) and anxiety/depression (7.6%). Nearly half of the respondents who reported problems in any of the five dimensions were chronic patients. Higher EQ VAS scores were associated with the male gender, higher level of education, employment, younger age, an urban area of residence, access to free medical service and higher levels of physical activity. Except for anemia, all the selected chronic diseases were indicative of a negative EQ VAS score. The three leading risk factors were cerebrovascular disease, cancer and mental disease. Increases in age, number of chronic conditions and frequency of physical activity were found to have a gradient effect. Conclusion: The results of the present work add to the volume of knowledge regarding population health status in this area, apart from the known health status using mortality and morbidity data. Medical, policy, social and individual attention should be given to the management of chronic diseases and improvement of HRQoL. Longitudinal studies must be performed to monitor changes in HRQoL and to permit evaluation of the outcomes of chronic disease intervention programs. © 2013 Tan et al.National Nature Science Foundation (No. 8107239
Prognostic role of inflammatory biomarkers in HIV-infected patients with a first diagnosis of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): a single-centre study
No full textTo assess hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) survival and to investigate the prognostic role of immunonutritional biomarkers, as Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), in a cohort of HIV-infected patients
Population norms for the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L in Romania
No full text\ua9 2023, The Author(s).Background: The majority of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) don’t have population norms in Romania. This is the case with the EQ-5D as well. Therefore, we aimed to estimate population norms for the Romanian versions of the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-3L, their indexes, and the EQ-VAS. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in all regions of Romania from November 2018 to November 2019. A three-stage probability sampling procedure stratified by region and settlement size was used to select a representative sample. Interviews were computer-assisted and conducted in respondents’ homes by trained interviewers. Health status was assessed with the EQ-5D-5L, the EQ-5D-3L and the EQ VAS. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate population norms by age groups and sex for the EQ-5D-5L, the EQ-5D-3L, their indexes and the EQ VAS. Population norms were weighted using survey weights. Indexes for the EQ-5D questionnaires were estimated using the recently developed Romanian value sets. Results: Data from 1,649 interviews was analysed in the present study. Survey weights were used so that sex and place of residence ratios for the weighted sample matched the Romanian general population distribution. Participants’ mean age was 47.4 years (SE = 1.157) and 50.3% of them reported being in good health. The dimension for which people reported the highest number of problems for both questionnaires was the pain/discomfort dimension. Men aged 35 plus reported fewer problems with pain/discomfort than women for both the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-5D-3L. Health decreased with age as shown by the decrease from age group 18–24 to age group 75 plus in the indexes of both questionnaires: from 0.977 (SE = 0.005) to 0.765 (SE = 0.017) for EQ-5D-5L and from 0.981 (SE = 0.005) to 0.784 (SE = 0.019) for EQ-5D-3L. There was 29.9 points drop in the EQ VAS score between the youngest and oldest group. Conclusions: Population norms for the Romanian versions of the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-3L, their indexes, and the EQ VAS are now available. These can now be used as reference values by healthcare professionals, researchers and decision-makers leading to a further development of health-related quality of life research in Romania
Disseminated Histoplasmosis as AIDS-presentation. Case Report and Comprehensive Review of Current Literature
No full textProgressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) is an AIDS-defining illness with a high lethality rate if not promptly treated. The wide range of its possible clinical manifestations represents the main barrier to diagnosis in non-endemic countries. Here we present a case of PDH with haemophagocytic syndrome in a newly diagnosed HIV patient and a comprehensive review of disseminated histoplasmosis focused on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic tools and treatment options in HIV-infected patients
Swelling and shrinking kinetics of a lamellar gel phase
No full textWe investigate the swelling and shrinking of L lamellar gel phases composed of surfactant and fatty alcohol after contact with aqueous poly(ethyleneglycol) solutions. The height change Δh(t) is diffusionlike with a swelling coefficient S: Δh=S√t. On increasing polymer concentration, we observe sequentially slower swelling, absence of swelling, and finally shrinking of the lamellar phase. This behavior is summarized in a nonequilibrium diagram and the composition dependence of S quantitatively described by a generic model. We find a diffusion coefficient, the only free parameter, consistent with previous measurements
The Warwick Hip Trauma Evaluation – an abridged protocol for the WHiTE Study : a multiple embedded randomised controlled trial cohort study
No full textFractures of the proximal femur are one of the greatest challenges facing the medical community, constituting a heavy socioeconomic burden worldwide. The National Hip Fracture Audit currently provides a framework for service evaluation. This evaluation is based upon the assessment of process rather than assessment of patient-centred outcome and therefore it fails to provide meaningful data regarding the clinical effectiveness of treatments. This study aims to capture data from the cohort of patients who present with a fracture of the proximal femur at a single United Kingdom Major Trauma Centre. Patient-centred outcomes will be recorded and provide a baseline cohort within which to test the clinical effectiveness of experimental interventions
Huella de carbono de la producción de leche en vacunos del Valle del Mantaro
No full textUniversidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en NutriciónEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la Huella de Carbono de la producción de leche en vacunos del Valle del Mantaro, en la región Junín. Para ello, se evaluaron dos explotaciones lecheras típicas pertenecientes al Sistema Intensivo (SI) y Semi-Intensivo (SmI) durante dos estaciones del año (seca y lluviosa). Las emisiones fueron estimadas por medio de la metodología propuesta por la International Dairy Federation (IDF), las directrices del Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), la base de datos de Ecoinvent y bibliografía especializada. Las unidades funcionales designadas fueron: Leche fluida, FPCM (leche corregida a grasa y proteína), ECM (leche corregida a energía) y UA (Unidad Animal). Las emisiones emitidas por el Sistema Intensivo (SI) fueron de 1.91 kg CO2-eq/kg de leche fluida, 1.80 kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM, 1.84 kg CO2-eq/kg ECM y 9.99 kg CO2-eq/UA. Mientras que para el sistema Semi-Intensivo (SmI) fueron de 2.10 kg CO2 eq/kg de leche fluida, 2.01 kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM, 2.05 kg CO2-eq/kg ECM y 10.49 kg CO2 eq/UA. La fuente de emisión Fermentación Entérica la que tuvo mayor contribución a la Huella de Carbono, siendo del 51.0 por ciento para el Sistema Intensivo y 51.9 por ciento para el Semi-intensivo. Se concluye que el Sistema Intensivo (SI) tiene Huella de Carbono que el establo Semi-intensivo (SmI). Asimismo, la Huella de Carbono de ambos sistemas es mayor en la estación seca en comparación a la estación lluviosa.The objective of this study was to determine the Carbon Footprint of milk production in cattle in the Mantaro Valley, in the Junin region. For this, two typical dairy farms belonging to the Intensive System (SI) and Semi-Intensive System (SmI) were evaluated during two seasons of the year (dry and rainy). The emissions were estimated using the methodology proposed by the International Dairy Federation (IDF), the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Ecoinvent database and specialized bibliography. The designated functional units were Fluid milk, FPCM (fat and protein corrected milk), ECM (energy corrected milk) and UA (Animal Unit). The emissions emitted by the Intensive System (SI) were 1.91 kg CO2-eq/kg of fluid milk, 1.80 kg CO2-eq/kg FPCM, 1.84 kg CO2-eq/kg ECM and 9.99 kg CO2-eq/AU. While for the Semi-Intensive system (SmI) they were 2.10 kg CO2-eq/kg of fluid milk, 2.01 kg CO2 eq/kg FPCM, 2.05 kg CO2-eq/kg ECM and 10.49 kg CO2-eq/AU. The emission source Enteric Fermentation the one that had the greatest contribution to the Carbon Footprint, being 51.0 percent for the Intensive System and 51.9 percent for the Semi-intensive. It is concluded that the Intensive System (SI) has a Carbon Footprint than the Semi-intensive stable (SmI). Likewise, the Carbon Footprint of both systems is higher in the dry season compared to the rainy season
EQ-5D-3L Decrements by Diabetes Complications and Comorbidities in China
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Reaction rates of the stochastic dynamics described by Eq 8.
No full textReaction rates of the stochastic dynamics described by Eq 8.</p
The comparative responsiveness of the EQ-5D and SF-6D to change in patients with inflammatory arthritis
No full textPurpose: Comparative evidence regarding the responsiveness of the EQ-5D and SF-6D in arthritis patients is conflicting and insufficient across the range of disease severity. We examined the comparative responsiveness of the EQ-5D and SF-6D in cohorts of patients with early inflammatory disease through to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Responsiveness was tested using the effect size (ES) and standardised response mean (SRM). Correlation of change in EQ-5D and SF-6D with disease specific measures was tested using Pearson correlations and the Steiger's Z test. Treatment response and self-reported change were used as anchors of important change. Results: The EQ-5D was more responsive to deterioration (ES ratio (EQ-5D/SF-6D): 1.6-3.0) and the SF-6D more responsive to improvement (ES ratio (SF-6D/EQ-5D): 1.1-1.8) in health. The SF-6D did not respond well to deterioration in patients with established severe RA (ES and SRM 0.08). The EQ-5D provided larger absolute mean change estimates but with greater variance compared to the SF-6D. Conclusions: The comparative responsiveness of the EQ-5D and SF-6D differs according to the direction of change. The level of mean change of the EQ-5D relative to the SF-6D has implications for cost-effectiveness analysis. Use of the SF-6D in patients with severe progressive disease may be inappropriate. © 2009 The Author(s)
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