352 research outputs found
Recent Developments in the Economics of Transport
No full textThis comprehensive two-volume collection provides a selection of key writings on the economics of transport published since 1990. Topics covered include transport, economic activity and the spatial economy; demand and activity-based approaches; costs, scale and scope; external costs, efficiency and the wider impacts of transport; and competition and regulation.
Along with a new and original introduction, the editor has brought together 59 seminal papers which demonstrate a continuing vitality in transport economics research. This set of papers will be a valuable aid to all involved in transport research and provide encouragement to advanced students of the many unresolved issues needing further study
Handbook of Transport Economics
No full textBringing together insights and perspectives from close to 70 of the world's leading experts in the field, this timely Handbook provides an up-to-date guide to the most recent and state-of-the-art advances in transport economics.
The comprehensive coverage includes topics such as the relationship between transport and the spatial economy, recent advances in travel demand analysis, the external costs of transport, investment appraisal, pricing, equity issues, competition and regulation, the role of public - private partnerships and the development of policy in local bus services, rail, air and maritime transport.
This Handbook is designed both for use on postgraduate and advanced undergraduate courses and as a reference for anyone working in the field. It also complements the textbook Principles of Transport Economics
Le tunnel sous la Manche entre Etats et marché
No full textLes gouvernements français et britannique ont confié au secteur privé la construction et l'exploitation du tunnel sous la Manche. Le projet doit donc justifier sa réalisation par l'état du marché, lequel doit alors permettre de trouver les ressources nécessaires. Cependant, les réactions du marché sont affectées de multiples manières par les interventions des Etats, et celles-ci révèlent des conceptions différentes du rôle de l'Etat en France et au Royaume-Uni. Globalement, l'approche britannique dite "levé! playing field" biaise en fait les conditions de concurrence au détriment d'Eurotunnel. En ce qui concerne la construction du tunnel, le retrait partiel des Etats a pour conséquence d'installer le concessionnaire en position de faiblesse vis-à-vis de ses partenaires, et il procède d'une mauvaise compréhension de l'instrument de la concession.Marcou Gérard, Vickerman Roger. Le tunnel sous la Manche entre Etats et marché. In: Politiques et management public, vol. 8, n° 4, 1990. pp. 73-99
Technology enabled data for sustainable transport policy
No full textThe explosive growth of New and Emerging Data Forms (NEDF) has enabled profound new insights into human behavior, especially related to mobility. NEDF are facilitated by technologies such as smartphones, sensor networks and distributed computing architectures, which are all becoming increasingly advanced and widespread. NEDF, which may offer large sample sizes of high resolution data, offer great potential for informing sustainable transport policy, as well as the development of crosssectoral policies, covering public-health, environment, land-use, and social equity. However, many challenges in exploiting NEDF exist including accessing data in public/private ownership; understanding the representativeness, measuring/accommodating biases/missing data; and the integration of traditional data with new forms to maximize overall utility. Questions remain on whether NEDF can be used to actively influence travel choice/behavior, the new skills and additional resources needed by stakeholders to realize data potential and the ethical challenges for all engaging with the data
3D Printers and Transport
No full text3D printing (3DP) is an emerging technology associated with a more tailor-made, distributed way of manufacturing which, if successful, is bound to have repercussions on transport, supply chains, and logistics. This contribution delves into what 3DP is, how it will influence consumer wants and needs, location choices and transport resistance, and how it might impact society in terms of safety, accessibility and the environment. Based on these insights, the repercussions for the transport and logistics sector are discussed, as well as the nature and survival of firms in the value chain of many industries.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and Logistic
Cycling Economics
No full textCycling is increasingly receiving attention in research and policy and practice, in many cities and regions in the world. The focus is mainly on cycling infrastructure and effects on travel behavior and health. The economics of cycling have not received a lot of attention yet. This chapter gives an overview of the current state of knowledge about cycling economics. It shows that at first face the economics is straightforward, and is about the same as those of other transport (infrastructure) projects, but in practice there are several pitfalls which can easily result in flawed estimates of the costs and more so the benefits of cycling projects. The first problem is the lack of adequate models to estimate travel behavior related cycling effects, even in countries with a cycling tradition, like Denmark and the Netherlands. An important pitfall is that if the so-called safety-in-numbers effect is ignored (cycling becomes safer if cycling levels increase), risks and related costs will be overestimated. Another pitfall related to cycling is the use of national (or regional) aggregate risk factors—these do not necessarily apply to specific cases. In addition there is still a lot of uncertainty about the size (and monetary valuation) of health effects. And finally several effects categories are poorly understood and often ignored, in particular the option value, the impact on the attractiveness of the urban environment, and the impact of cycling on (the reduction of) social exclusion. These problems may not all be too important, because cycling projects are cheap, and often have a high benefit-cost ratio.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and Logistic
Pitfalls of Statistical Methods in Traffic Psychology
No full textThis article highlights four common pitfalls in the use of statistics in the area of traffic psychology. Through computer simulations of scenarios that are typical in the field, it is first shown that a statistically significant P-value does not prove that the effect is true, especially when the effect is surprising and the P-value barely significant. Second, we show that “everything is correlated”, a phenomenon which has important ramifications for significance testing. Third, we explain the perils of two-stage testing and data peeking. Finally, we explain that the violation of independence can easily lead to false positives.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Human-Robot InteractionMedical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technolog
Transport Modes and Accessibility
No full textAccessibility by distinguished transport modes is probably the most important concept in transport geography and transport planning: it expresses that the transport system aims to provide access to places where people want to carry out activities. But it is also a concept for which many definitions and indicators are available, each characterized by their own pros and cons. This contribution discusses types of indicators and how to choose between indicators for as specific case. In addition, it explains that information and communication technology (ICT) increasingly plays a dominant role in people's life as far as (travel to) activities are concerned, and consequently the importance of ICT for accessibility analyses also increases. Finally, it presents several challenges for future research.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and Logistic
Sustainable mobility in Europe: Problems in defining and implementing an operational measure
No full textTransport policy in Europe, both at the European Union level and the national level, has been dominated by the concept of sustainable mobility. This concept is rarely adequately defined, and even more rarely is an operational measure of the concept identified. We know that sustainable mobility is an attempt to relate both the environmental damage and other negative externalities associated with transport, on the one hand, and the positive benefits linked to the role played by an efficient transport system in sustaining and enhancing a given level of activity and its growth in the economy as a whole, on the other hand, to the mobility of both individuals and goods. Sustainability in any system implies that the system is capable of maintaining itself in the long term so that current levels of activity do not damage future prospects. These concepts are well known and broadly accepted, what has proved more difficult is the definition of operational measures in the context of a fully worked through model linking transport, the economy and the environment. This paper attempts to provide such a framework. It argues that sustainability can only be understood in a model which is explicitly spatial, since the distribution of economic activity and of the externalities associated with transport are a key element in the definition of sustainability. The paper provides a framework which synthesises recent work in the new economic geography, in the economics of transport infrastructure and the environmental effects of transport as the basis for a definition of a set of indicators which can be used as tests of the sustainability of transport policy measures.
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