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    Lived citizenship of ger residents in Ulaanbaatar : a socio-spatial understanding of social inequality, belonging, aspirations and social work

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    This doctoral research made an attempt to combine several inter-related theoretical concepts to study the lived citizenship of migrant families who, through rural-urban migration, settled formally or informally in suburban areas of Ulaanbaatar city, referred to as ger areas. Lived realities of people in vulnerable situations, including migrants living at peripheries, have been insufficiently reflected in social policies and strategies in many places, and in Mongolia in particular. Dynamics of internal migration critically affect population and resource distribution within boundaries where, in the case of less developed countries, migrants are at risk of facing marginality, social exclusion and mixed sense of belonging. Acknowledging this argument, this research highlighted that there is a lack of research on local resources, relationships and life worlds of ger residents and these crucial aspects to understand the lives of ger residents have not been considered in the development of policy measures and social work practices. Therefore, this research built on the crucial premise that the “policy approach in Mongolia overshoots its aim as it suffers from a vital lack of knowledge about what is considered meaningful for ger residents themselves in shaping their lives.
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