73 research outputs found
George Sand (1804-1876) : Nadar Studio reference album. Vol. 2, Demonstration prints N° 0486
No full textAlbumen print from a collodion glass negative, 8.5 x 5.8 cm.The bust of George Sand is at the head of the cortège, in the Number One slot. The Good Lady of Nohant didn’t care for the portrayal, but other women of letters are also portrayed this way: all those that Ernest Legouvé, Number 142, is carrying on the tray on his head, for instance. While exaggerated caricature was the norm for actresses, Nadar seemed not to find it appropriate for the female writers here. George Sand fled the sittings planned for the Pantheon, so Nadar had to settle for working from a portrait of her by Couture. Later, he became a close friend of the author of Indiana , Histoire Horace (Horace) , and La Dernière Aldini (The Last of the Aldini) and more, devoting long hours to photographing her until the image suited her perfectly. From then on she refused to allow her picture to be taken by anyone else but him. She was the godmother of his son, Paul. Nadar not only dedicated his first collection of short stories, When I Was a Student, to her, he even named one of his siege balloons after her….téléchargeabl
Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850) : Preliminary drawing for Nadar's Pantheon (N° 2 in the Pantheon )
No full textCharcoal drawing on brown paper with white-gouache highlights, 23.5 x 15.7 cm.Honoré de Balzac is one of those who "opened the century." The author of The Human Comedy, and creator of the modern novel was also a perspicacious journalist and observer of the mores of his time who had been a contibutor to Philipon's journals before Nadar. Although he had been dead since 1850, he is portrayed as a bust at the head of the procession in both Pantheons . Throughout his life, Nadar expressed his unwavering admiration for Balzac. In 1847, for example, Nadar praised the older man's "impulsive, varied and infinite brilliance." The two first met in 1839: Nadar, just 19 at the time, had been sent as a courier to pick up a short story for Alfred Francey’s newspaper Le Livre d’or : “Sir, we don’t haggle here. Have you called upon a button-seller or an illustrious writer?” In deference to the great man’s work, Nadar couldn’t help but excuse the touch of vainglory. This portrait was inspired both by the sculptor David d’Angers' bust and medals of Balzac, and by the daguerreotype of the great man taken with the Bissons, which Nadar had a copy of.téléchargeabl
Gérard de Nerval (1808-1855) : Preliminary drawing for Nadar's Pantheon (N° 16 in the Pantheon )
No full textCharcoal sketch on brown paper with white-gouache highlights, 23.4 x 15.5 cm.Gérard de Nerval (1808-1855). For Nadar’s generation, he and Théophile Gautier represented the mindset of the 1830s – a blend of art and whimsy, as well as the wealthy Bohemia of the Impasse du Doyenné. But above all, Nerval was a cardinal literary figure. In an article mourning the death of the author of Fleurs du mal (Flowers of Evil) , Nadar wrote, “For literary people, Baudelaire’s and Gérard de Nerval’s lives will always be remembered as two examples of professional dignity, two stunning examples — that will serve no purpose.” Gérard de Nerval helped Nadar find work at the Journal founded by Alphonse Karr in 1848. The two men saw each other on a daily basis, as they were jointly in charge of Parisian news and of what was then known as "cooking" the paper.téléchargeabl
Pierre-Joseph Prudhon (1809-1865) : Preliminary drawing for Nadar's Pantheon (N° 90 in the Pantheon )
No full textCharcoal sketch on brown paper with white-gouache highlights, 23.3 x 15.7 cm.Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was one of the most innovative philosophers and sociologists of his century. As a stylist, he admired Sainte-Beuve. Nevertheless, his reputation now suffers from Karl Marx's belittling him after having been his attentive disciple: when the former wrote Philosophie de la misère ( The Philosophy of Poverty ), Marx retorted with Misère de la philosophie (The Poverty of Philosophy) , overshadowing him for a century. Having declared that “property is theft” and “anarchy is order,” Proudhon, at the time of the Pantheon, was a terrifying adversary of the bourgeoisie. At one time, Nadar was close to the Proudhonians, and socialized with the philosopher at the home of the anarchist author Élisée Reclus. Breaking with the usual firebrand stereotypes, in Les Binettes contemporaines, Nadar drew him as a tranquil “intellectual” – as Courbet would also paint him in 1853 – surrounded by his children. A short time before the Pantheon, was published, the philosopher had been imprisoned at Sainte Pélagie (1849 to 1852).téléchargeabl
Design and Characterization of an RF Applicator for In Vitro Tests of Electromagnetic Hyperthermia
No full textThe evaluation of the biological effects of therapeutic hyperthermia in oncology and the precise quantification of thermal dose, when heating is coupled with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, are active fields of research. The reliable measurement of hyperthermia effects on cells and tissues requires a strong control of the delivered power and of the induced temperature rise. To this aim, we have developed a radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic applicator operating at 434 MHz, specifically engineered for in vitro tests on 3D cell cultures. The applicator has been designed with the aid of an extensive modelling analysis, which combines electromagnetic and thermal simulations. The heating performance of the built prototype has been validated by means of temperature measurements carried out on tissue-mimicking phantoms and aimed at monitoring both spatial and temporal temperature variations. The experimental results demonstrate the capability of the RF applicator to produce a well-focused heating, with the possibility of modulating the duration of the heating transient and controlling the temperature rise in a specific target region, by simply tuning the effectively supplied power
Charles Asselineau (1820-1874)
No full textAlbumen print from a collodion glass negative, 23.8 x 18.1 cm.Charles Asselineau was one of Nadar's oldest friends. They had become close as young teens, at the Collège Bourbon, and were both part of Baudelaire's inner circle. Exceedingly well-read, Charles Asselineau, a supernumerary librarian at the Mazarine, the author, most notably, of Paradis des gens de lettres ( Authors' Paradise )and of a href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5494888s" target="_blank"> L'Enfer du Bibliophile ( The Bibliophile's Inferno ), was close to the publisher Poulet-Malassis, who Baudelaire nicknamed "Poorly Perched Coco." He and Nadar co-authored two short stories published in April and August 1846, respectively: "Death Cured" and "Paradise Found," which were later included in Quand j'étais étudiant ( When I Was A Student ). He belonged to the select group of publishers who did research for Nadar's Pantheon, which was originally meant to have an annex with a thumbnail biography of each person portrayed. He was the best man at Nadar's wedding... although he didn't find that out until two weeks after the fact. The groom explained in a letter, "It's rather amusing that my best man only found out about my wedding two weeks after it was consummated, and via the invitation. I will explain all, dear friend, the next time we meet. For the moment, suffice to say that that I went to your home the day before, a Sunday, and that on the Monday morning, with the ceremony scheduled for noon, I didn't know at 11 A.M. if I woud be going through with it." (NAF 25007, fol. 8).téléchargeabl
Quantitative imaging of platinum-based antitumor complexes in bone tissue samples using LA-ICP-MS
No full textThere is a need for effective medication against bone metastases because todays drugs are not able to penetrate
the bone and reach the affected areas. To analyze if current or future platinum-containing drugs are able to
achieve this, a quantitative imaging method is urgently needed.
In this study, the platinum distribution in thin sections of mice tibia was determined using laser ablationinductively
coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in a spatially resolved manner. The hard bone tissue
visible in microscopic images and signals found for calcium and phosphorous recorded via LA-ICP-MS and micro
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF) correlate well. Furthermore, the platinum concentration was quantified
using polymer-based matrix-matched standards. A limit of detection of 6 μg/g and a linearity of almost three
decades could be achieved. Concentrations surpassing 300 μg/g could be found in the tibia samples. The method
presented herein is a powerful approach for the visualization and quantification of platinum. As such, this
method is a valuable tool to unravel the mechanism of delivery and optimize the therapeutic potency of platinum-
containing drugs targeting bone diseases like bone metastases
Arsène Houssaye sitting next to a bust labelled "King Voltaire" : Drawing not included in Nadar's Pantheon : caricature from the "Nadar's Contemporaries" series published in issue 328 of Le Journal amusant
No full textCharcoal drawing on brown paper with white-gouache highlights, 30.9 x 23.4 cm.A member, along with Gautier and Nerval, of the Romantic Bohemian group of Le Doyenné impasse, Houssaye was an author, a journalist, a newsaper manager and even the head of the Comédie Française theatre for a few years. He was a true celebrity in the world of Parisian literature and journalism.téléchargeabl
Théophile Gautier (1811-1872) and his cats : Drawing not included in Nadar's Pantheon : caricature from the "Nadar's Contemporaries" series published in Le Journal amusant
No full textCharcoal drawing on brown paper with white-gouache highlights, 30.9 x 23.4 cm.Théophile Gautier, one of the leading lights of 1830s Romanticism, is portrayed here as a Middle Eastern pasha, with his adored cats replacing books on his bookshelves. The author of Jeunes France (1833), Mademoiselle de Maupin (1835), and Émaux et Camées ( Enamels and Cameos , 1852) was also one of the most influential literary and theatre critics of his time. In La Presse of March 21, 1854, he reviewed the Pantheon with a good dose of irony and self-deprecating humor, but not without showing great insight by connecting the principle of noisy processions to their roots in Antiquity: “What are these grotesque Panathenaic Games that have been folded three or four times in order to fit onto a single, huge sheet? These monsters, statuettes, nutcrackers, kobolds, roly-polies, and marionettes represent recent literature, forming a burlesque Pantheon in honor of the more or less brilliant literary luminaries of our era.”téléchargeabl
Design and Validation of Experimental Setup for Cell Spheroid Radiofrequency-Induced Heating
No full textWhile hyperthermia has been shown to induce a variety of cytotoxic and sensitizing effects on cancer tissues, the thermal dose–effect relationship is still not well quantified, and it is still unclear how it can be optimally combined with other treatment modalities. Additionally, it is speculated that different methods of applying hyperthermia, such as water bath heating or electromagnetic energy, may have an effect on the resulting biological mechanisms involved in cell death or in sensitizing tumor cells to other oncological treatments. In order to further quantify and characterize hyperthermia treatments on a cellular level, in vitro experiments shifted towards the use of 3D cell spheroids. These are in fact considered a more representative model of the cell environment when compared to 2D cell cultures. In order to perform radiofrequency (RF)-induced heating in vitro, we have recently developed a dedicated electromagnetic field applicator. In this study, using this applicator, we designed and validated an experimental setup which can heat 3D cell spheroids in a conical polypropylene vial, thus providing a reliable instrument for investigating hyperthermia effects at the cellular scale
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