5,275 research outputs found
Consideration of Interference Correlation Properties in a JD-CDMA Mobile Radio System with Coherent Receiver Antenna Diversity
No full textIn code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile radio systems, both intersymbol interference and multiple access interference arise which can be combatted by using Joint Detection (JD) techniques, to reduce the degradation in performance resulting from time variance, coherent receiver antenna diversity (CRAD) can be used. The application of JD techniques offers the possibility to exploit the knowledge of noise covariances at the receiver. If only intercell (cochannel) interference is considered, the noise covariances in the uplink receiver of a multiple receiver antenna CDMA mobile radio system depend mainly on the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the interfering signals and the receiver antenna placement. Therefore, if the interferer DOAs are known at the base station, these covariances could be estimated. In this thesis, a realistic model of the uplink of a JD CDMA mobile radio system with CRAD is described in which the above mentioned interference cancelling method is used. Simulation results according to this model are given and evaluated.Applied SciencesElectrical EngineeringTelecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Grou
Prostaglandin F(2α) is required for NMDA receptor-mediated induction of c-fos mRNA in dentate gyrus neurons
No full textActivation of NMDA receptors has been linked to a diversity of lasting physiological and pathological changes in the mammalian nervous system. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying permanent modifications of nervous system structure and function after brief episodes of neuronal activity are unknown. Immediate-early genes (IEGs) have been implicated in the conversion of short-term stimuli to long-term changes in cellular phenotype by regulation of gene expression. The intracellular signaling pathways coupling activation of receptors at the cell surface with induction of lEGs in the nucleus are incompletely understood. NMDA produces a striking increase in the IEG c-fos in dentate gyrus (DG) neurons in vitro; this induction is dependent, in part, on the arachidonic acid cascade. Here we show that NMDA receptor activation triggers the synthesis of the prostaglandins PGF(2α) and PGE2, but not PGD2, in rat cerebral cortical neurons in vitro. We further demonstrate that PGF(2α), but not PGE2 or PGD2, is necessary but not sufficient for NMDA induction of c-fos mRNA in DG neurons. These findings provide insight into the molecular events coupling activation of the NMDA receptor with regulation of the IEG c-fos and identify the diffusable messenger PGF(2α) as obligatory for NMDA receptor-mediated transcription of a nuclear IEG
Aspen Leading Edge Podcast, Episode 39: JD-Next: The Bridge to Law School with Marc Miller, Chris Robertson, and Joe Terry
No full textMarc Miller, University of Arizona, Chris Robertson, Boston University, and Joe Terry, Aspen Publishing discuss the journey of creating JD-Next and the importance of law schools accepting this as an accurate formative assessment. They also share current statistics on how the program boosts law school performance.https://commons.stmarytx.edu/edge/1009/thumbnail.jp
Dairy farmers’ perceptions toward the implementation of on-farm Johne’s disease prevention and control strategies
No full textmplementation of specific management strategies on dairy farms is currently the most effective way to reduce the prevalence of Johne’s disease (JD), an infectious chronic enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). However, dairy farmers often fail to implement recommended strategies. The objective of this study was to assess perceptions of farmers participating in a JD prevention and control program toward recommended practices, and explore factors that influence whether or not a farmer adopts risk-reducing measures for MAP transmission. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 dairy farmers enrolled in a voluntary JD control program in Alberta, Canada. Principles of classical grounded theory were used for participant selection, interviewing, and data analysis. Additionally, demographic data and MAP infection status were collected and analyzed using quantitative questionnaires and the JD control program database. Farmers’ perceptions were distinguished according to 2 main categories: first, their belief in the importance of JD, and second, their belief in recommended JD prevention and control strategies. Based on these categories, farmers were classified into 4 groups: proactivists, disillusionists, deniers, and unconcerned. The first 2 groups believed in the importance of JD, and proactivists and unconcerned believed in proposed JD prevention and control measures. Groups that regarded JD as important had better knowledge about best strategies to reduce MAP transmission and had more JD risk assessments conducted on their farm. Although not quantified, it also appeared that these groups had more JD prevention and control practices in place. However, often JD was not perceived as a problem in the herd and generally farmers did not regard JD control as a “hot topic” in communications with their herd veterinarian and other farmers. Recommendations regarding how to communicate with farmers and motivate various groups of farmers according to their specific perceptions were provided to optimize adoption of JD prevention and control measures and thereby increase success of voluntary JD control programs
Aspen Leading Edge Podcast, Episode 39: JD-Next: The Bridge to Law School with Marc Miller, Chris Robertson, and Joe Terry
No full textMarc Miller, University of Arizona, Chris Robertson, Boston University, and Joe Terry, Aspen Publishing discuss the journey of creating JD-Next and the importance of law schools accepting this as an accurate formative assessment. They also share current statistics on how the program boosts law school performance.https://commons.stmarytx.edu/edge/1009/thumbnail.jp
Uintah High School Wrestlers
No full textJD Henline and Garr Roberts, with the Uintah High School Ute Wrestling team. Both of young men wrestled for Uintah High School in the later 1960\u27s
Mistreating Health Inequities in the Genomic Age
No full textDorothy Roberts, an acclaimed scholar of race, gender and the law, joined the University of Pennsylvania as its 14th Penn Integrates Knowledge Professor with a joint appointment in the Department of Sociology and the Law School where she also holds the inaugural Raymond Pace and Sadie Tanner Mosell Alexander chair. Her pathbreaking work in law and public policy focuses on urgent contemporary issues in health, social justice, and bioethics, especially as they impact the lives of women, children and African-Americans. The medical profession in the United States have long defined disease and treated patients according to race. Although the map of the human genome confirmed that race is not written in our genes, we are witnessing the re-creation of race in biological terms using cutting-edge genomic science and biotechnologies, such as race-specific medicines and ancestry tests that incorporate false assumptions about racial difference. Although genetics can help find cures for diseases, the genetic concept of race misunderstands the nature of human difference and masks the devastating impact of racism on our bodies and society. Instead, good medicine and health justice require affirming our common humanity by working to end the social inequities supported by the political system of race
Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection
No full textIn the last decades, many regional and country‐wide control programmes for Johne's disease (JD ) were developed due to associated economic losses, or because of a possible association with Crohn's disease. These control programmes were often not successful, partly because management protocols were not followed, including the introduction of infected replacement cattle, because tests to identify infected animals were unreliable, and uptake by farmers was not high enough because of a perceived low return on investment. In the absence of a cure or effective commercial vaccines, control of JD is currently primarily based on herd management strategies to avoid infection of cattle and restrict within‐farm and farm‐to‐farm transmission. Although JD control programmes have been implemented in most developed countries, lessons learned from JD prevention and control programmes are underreported. Also, JD control programmes are typically evaluated in a limited number of herds and the duration of the study is less than 5 year, making it difficult to adequately assess the efficacy of control programmes. In this manuscript, we identify the most important gaps in knowledge hampering JD prevention and control programmes, including vaccination and diagnostics. Secondly, we discuss directions that research should take to address those knowledge gaps
Genomic stability of composite SCCmec ACME and COMER-like genetic elements in Staphylococcus epidermidis correlates with rate of excision
No full textThe epidemiological success of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300
has been associated with the presence of two mobile elements, the arginine catabolic
mobile element (ACME) and the copper and mercury resistance (COMER) element.
These two mobile elements are associated with resistance to copper, which has been
related to host fitness and survival within macrophages. Several studies found that
ACME is more prevalent, and exhibits greater diversity, in Staphylococcus epidermidis
while COMER has not been identified in S. epidermidis or any other staphylococcal
species. We aimed in this study to evaluate the presence and diversity of ACME
and COMER-like elements in our S. epidermidis clinical isolates. The genomes of
58 S. epidermidis clinical isolates, collected between 2009 and 2018 in a Scottish
hospital, were sequenced. A core-genome phylogenetic tree and genome based MLST
typing showed that more than half of the isolates belong to the clinically predominant
sequence type2 (ST2) and these isolates have been found to split into two lineages
within the phylogenetic tree. Analysis showed the presence of SCCmec in the majority
of isolates. Comparative analysis identified a cluster of ACME-positive isolates with most
of them belonging to ST48. ACME showed high variation even between isolates of the
same ACME type and ST. COMER-like elements have been identified in one of the
two major hospital adapted drug resistant ST2 lineages; and showed high stability. This
difference in stability at the genomic level correlates well with the up to one hundred
times higher excision frequency found for the SCCmec elements in ACME-containing
isolates compared to COMER-like element containing isolates. ACME/COMER-like
element positive isolates did not show a significant phenotype of decreased copper
susceptibility, while resistance to mercury was over-represented in COMER-like element
positive isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecular characterization
of COMER-like elements in S. epidermidis isolates. The presence of the COMER-like
elements is the most prominent accessory genome feature of these successful lineages
suggesting that this chromosomal island contributes to the success and wide clinical
distribution of ST2 S. epidermidis
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