443 research outputs found
Rapidly Progressive Visual Loss
No full textProgressive loss of vision OUAn 84-year old man with a 3 month history of progressive loss of vision. Previous history significant for hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, TIA, PVD and ischemic heart disease.VA: 20/50 OD, 20/40 OS declining to HM OUMRISpongiosis and gliosis in the right occipital lobe.N/A1. P. Demamareal, MD, L Heiner, MD et al. Diffusion weighted MRI in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurology:52:205-208;1999. 2. Itsuki Jibiki, Toshinobu Fukushima et al. Utility of 123 I-IMP SPECT brain scans for the early detection of site specific abnormalities in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (Heidenhain type): A case study. Neuropsychobiology 1994; 29: 117-119. 3. Stefan Kropp MD, Walter Schultz MD. The Heidenhain variant of CJD. Archives of Neurology 1999; 56: 55-61. 4. Dina A. Jacobs MD, Robert Lesser MD, Zissimos Mourelatos MD, Steven G. Galetta MD et al. The Heidenhain variant of CJD: Clinical, Pathologic and Neuroimaging findings. Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology 21(2), 2001; 99-102
Jacobson\u27s Rule
No full textDiplopia; PtosisA 75-year old female with a sudden onset of vertical diplopia associated with a throbbing sensation on the right retro-orbital side.VA: 20/20 OUMRIParasellar mass with pervasive edema and hyperostosis of the anterior clinoid and lesser wing of the sphenoid.SurgeryAttache
Bromocriptine Resistant Pituitary Tumor
No full textHeadache; Abducens nerve palsyA 41-year old male with blurred vision OS and right occipital headache. Previous history significant for pituitary adenoma which was surgically resected.VA: 20/15 OD, 20/50 OS; RAPD OS; Diminished color vision OSCT; MRIRecurrent tumor composed of hyperchromatic glial cells and atypical fibrillary astrocytes.Surgery; XRT; Hormone antagonist1. Ushlo Y, Arlta N, Yoshlmlne T, et al. Glioblastoma after radiotherapy for craniopharyngioma: case report. Neurosurgery 1987, 21:33-38. 2. Liwnicz BH, Berger TS, Liwnicz RG, Aron BS. Radiation-associated gliomas: a report of four cases and analysis of postradiation tumors of the central nervous system. Neurosurgery 1985, 17:436-445. 3. Anderson JR, Trelp CS. Radiation-induced intracranial neoplasms. A report of three possible cases. Cancer 1984, 53:426-429. 4. Maat-Schleman ML, Bots GT, Thomeer RT, et al. Malignant astrocytoma following radiotherapy for craniopharyngioma. Br J Radiol 1985, 58:480-482. 5. Raffel C, Edwards MS, Davis RC, et al. Post irradiation cerebellar glioma. Case report. J Neurosurg 1985, 62:300-303. 6. Amine ARC, Sugar 0. Suprasellar osteogenic sarcoma following radiation for pituitary adenoma. J. Neurosurg 1976, 44:88-91. 7. Clifton MD, Amromln GD, Perry MC, et al. Spinal cord glioma following irradiation for Hodgkin\u27s disease. Cancer 1980, 2051-2055. 8. Robinson, RG. A second brain tumor and irradiation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 1978, 4 1:1005-1012
Walsh & Hoyt: Leptospira and Leptospirosis
No full textThe family Leptospiraceae contains only one genus, Leptospira (from the Greek words lepto, meaning ""thin"" or ""fine,"" and spira, meaning ""coil""). As their name implies, Leptospira are finely coiled, motile spirochetes that are 620 micrometers long and 0.1 micrometers wide. Although there are more than 200 serotypes of pathogenic leptospires, all of the serotypes pathogenic to humans belong to a single species, L. interrogans. Infection with this spirochete causes a disease called leptospirosis
Walsh & Hoyt: Relapsing Fever
No full textRelapsing fever is characterized by two or more episodes of high fever and constitutional symptoms, interrupted by periods in which patients are asymptomatic. During the febrile periods, numerous spirochetes circulate in the blood causing fever, headache, tachycardia, myalgia, and abdominal pain. There is no skin rash in this disease, as there is in Lyme disease, and between fevers, spirochetemia is not observed. Fevers recur because during spirochetemia, there is antigenic variation in the bacteria
Walsh & Hoyt: Syphilis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
No full textBecause they share a common mode of transmission and because a chancre may facilitate entry of HIV-1 into the body, syphilis and HIV-1 infection or AIDS often are present in the same patient. The coinfection of a patient with syphilis with HIV may alter the natural history by several mechanisms: (a) increasing the tendency of such patients to develop neurosyphilis, (b) decreasing the latent period before neurosyphilis develops, (c) increasing the severity of the manifestations, and (d) reducing the response to otherwise appropriate therapy. The ocular and neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of secondary and tertiary syphilis may be more extensive and severe when associated with concurrent HIV-1 infection
Walsh & Hoyt: Syphilis
No full textSyphilis is the most important disease caused by the Treponema species, whether considered from a medical, neurologic, visual, economic, or social standpoint. Syphilis, occasionally called ""lues"" from the Latin phrase, lues venereum, meaning ""disease,"" ""sickness,"" or ""pestilence,"" was first recognized in the late 1400s. It is unclear if it was imported into Europe from the New World by Christopher Columbus or was a primary European disease that spread among people living in crowded conditions. A pandemic known as the Great Pox spread through Europe and Asia at the time of the return of Columbus from America. Although it is not clear if T. pallidum was the cause, it seems likely
Progressive Unilateral Visual Loss
No full textProgressive loss of vision ODA 53-year old female with decreasing vision OD. Previous history significant for hypertension.VA: CF at 1\u27 OD, 20/20 OSCTEpidermoid carcinomaAttache
Walsh & Hoyt: Clincial Manifestations
No full textSymptomatic infection may either be the mild anicteric form that accounts for 90% of cases or the more severe icteric form. Both types have a septicemic phase lasting 47 days followed by defervescence for 12 days. Subsequently, an immune phase develops that may last from 430 days. In the septicemic phase, there is widespread dissemination of the leptospires, whereas in the immune phase, circulating antibodies against Leptospires cause organ damage
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