132,059 research outputs found
Robust Estimation Of Dietary Phosphorus Needs Of Commercial Laying Hens And Turkeys
No full textRoberson, Kevin D.. (2008). Robust Estimation Of Dietary Phosphorus Needs Of Commercial Laying Hens And Turkeys. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/204165
Color categories: Evidence for the cultural relativity hypothesis
No full textThe question of whether language affects our categorization of perceptual continua is of particular interest for the domain of color where constraints on categorization have been proposed both within the visual system and in the visual environment. Recent research (Roberson, Davies, & Davidoff, 2000; Roberson et al., in press) found substantial evidence of cognitive color differences between different language communities, but concerns remained as to how representative might be a tiny, extremely remote community. The present study replicates and extends previous findings using additional paradigms among a larger community in a different visual environment. Adult semi-nomadic tribesmen in Southern Africa carried out similarity judgments, short-term memory and long-term learning tasks. They showed different cognitive organization of color to both English and another language with the five color terms. Moreover, Categorical Perception effects were found to differ even between languages with broadly similar color categories. The results provide further evidence of the tight relationship between language and cognition
Knowing color terms enhances recognition: Further evidence from English and Himba
No full textTwo experiments attempted to reconcile discrepant recent findings relating to children’s color naming and categorization. In a replication of Franklin and colleagues (Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 90 (2005) 114–141), Experiment 1 tested English toddlers’ naming and memory for blue–green and blue–purple colors. It also found advantages for between-category presentations that could be interpreted as support for universal color categories. However, a different definition of knowing color terms led to quite different conclusions in line with the Whorfian view of Roberson and colleagues (Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133 (2004) 554–571). Categorical perception in recognition memory was now found only for children with a fuller understanding of the relevant terms. It was concluded that color naming can both underestimate and overestimate toddlers’ knowledge of color terms. Experiment 2 replicated the between-category recognition superiority found in Himba children by Franklin and colleagues for the blue–purple range. But Himba children, whose language does not have separate terms for green and blue, did not show a cross-category advantage for that set; rather, they behaved like English children who did not know their color terms
Marriage record of Roberson, C. D. and Delancey, Frances
No full textMarriage license for C.D. Roberson and Frances Delancey. T. Gurley was the officiant
Systematic motivational counseling at work: Improving employee performance, satisfaction, and motivation
No full textColoured thinking
No full textCharles Myers became one of the founding fathers of British psychology (see Costall, 1998) as a result of going on an expedition to the Torres Straits (off New Guinea) organised from Cambridge University. As Richards (1998) wrote, ‘for Myers the Expedition was an epochal experience, deciding him on a psychological career’. However, it is interesting to note the different outcome of that expedition for Myers (and also for Rivers, one of the founders of the BPS) compared with that for McDougall (also a founder of the BPS). McDougall, and hence perhaps his pupil Cyril Burt, saw evidence in their data for the genetic determination of cross-cultural cognitive differences. Myers, and hence perhaps his pupil Frederic Bartlett, saw the methodological impossibility of satisfactorily transferring experimental psychology from the laboratory to the field. Myers realised that their data were unreliable. As Richards wrote of the published work from the expedition, ‘the Reports thus became a virtuoso exercise in the art of writing up unsatisfactory research as positively as possible short of outright dissembling’ (p.145)
The interface between language and thought: Current directions [Symposium moderator]
No full textThe symposium showcases new research across a range of fields and using a variety of methodologies that address the complexities of the interactions between linguistic processing and cognition. Much recent research has demonstrated that language and cognition interact at a variety of levels (e.g. Roberson, Pak & Hanley, 2008), but also that there are limits to the possible effects of language on cognition (e.g.Majid, Boster & Bowerman, 2008). All six speakers and both moderators currently investigate this relationship in more than one area of cognition and bring a wide perspective to the topic. The symposium seeks both to illuminate and to broaden an ongoing debate within Cognitive Science as to the extent to which linguistic processing influences and interacts with perception and classification. The presented research also addresses the issue of the extent to which human categorization is flexible
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Challenging Conventional Wisdom about Employee Turnover: Revelations from Corporate America
No full textFindings from 20 corporations from the Attrition and Retention Consortium, which collects quit statistics
about 475,458 professionals and managers, extended and disputed established findings about who quits.
Multilevel analyses revealed that company tenure is curvilinearly related to turnover and that a job’s past
attrition rate strengthens the (negative) performance– exit relationship. Further, women quit more than
men, while African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans quit more than White
Americans, though racial differences disappeared after confounds were controlled for. African American,
Hispanic American, and Asian American women quit more than men of the same ethnicities and White
Americans, but statistical controls nullified evidence for dual discrimination toward minority women.
Greater corporate flight among women and minorities during early employment nonetheless hampers
progress toward a more diversified workforce in corporate America
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