29,840 research outputs found
Robards, Usula
No full textJames H. Robards - husbandhttps://stars.library.ucf.edu/cfm-ch-memoranda-1920/1029/thumbnail.jp
Estimating the fertility of migrants to England and Wales using the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study
No full textSince 2001, there has been a consistent year-on-year increase in the period total fertility rate for England and Wales. At the same time migration to England and Wales has accelerated from the late 1990s. It is possible that the large number of migrants of childbearing ages moving to England and Wales, larger family size norms among foreign born women and a birth timing effect among recent migrants to England and Wales have led to the increase in the total fertility rate. However, the relative influence of any timing effect among recent migrants on the total fertility rate is not known. Research on migrant fertility in France (Toulemon, 2004) and Sweden (Andersson, 2004) has identified elevated fertility among migrants in the time period immediately after the migration event. Conversely, research in England and Wales has focused on period measures of fertility rather than estimating whether there is an elevated level of fertility among the large number of recent migrants to England and Wales. The first aim of this thesis is to accurately account for non-continually resident members of the Office for National Statistics (ONS) Longitudinal Study (LS) between census dates and use these LS members in fertility analysis. The second aim of this thesis is to investigate whether migrants to England and Wales show an elevated level of fertility after migration. It is only possible to estimate the fertility of recent migrants provided the sample exposed to risk of giving birth can be identified
The fertility of recent migrants to England and Wales
No full textBackground: Estimates of fertility for the overseas-born based on the period Total Fertility Rate (TFR) suggest that levels of childbearing are significantly higher among foreign-born women than women born in the UK. However, migration and timing of subsequent family formation mean that aggregate measures of fertility based on period TFRs may not be a useful indicator of the likely completed family size that migrant women will have at the end of their reproductive lives.Objective: The paper quantifies childbearing according to duration since migration among female migrants to England and Wales arriving between 2001 and 2011, and examines how these patterns differ according to age at arrival and country of birth.Methods: Data from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study, a 1% sample of the population of England and Wales, are used to identify the reported date of arrival in the UK and to estimate childbearing prior to and subsequent to arrival.Results: Fertility rates peak in the first one to four years subsequent to arrival among migrants from Pakistan and Bangladesh. Migrants from India and Poland show a delay in childbearing after migration to England and Wales, and lower fertility rates compared to migrants from Pakistan and Bangladesh, who show high fertility after migration at least for the first five years.Conclusions: There are large differences in the timing of fertility among migrants according to age at arrival and migrant country of origin, which are likely to be related to the reason for migration. Tempo distortions among some migrant groups mean that the period TFR is not necessarily a useful summary measure of the likely lifetime fertility of migrant groups
Mortality at older ages and moves in residential and sheltered housing: evidence from the UK
No full textBackground: The study examines the relationship between transitions to residential and sheltered housing and mortality. Past research has focused on housing moves over extended time periods and subsequent mortality. In this paper, annual housing transitions allow the identification of the patterning of housing moves, the duration of stay in each sector and the assessment of the relationship of preceding moves to a heightened risk of dying.Methods: The study uses longitudinal data constructed from pooled observations from the British Household Panel Survey (waves 1993–2008). Records were pooled for all cases where the survey member is 65?years or over and living in private housing at baseline and observed at three consecutive time points, including baseline (N=23?727). Binary logistic regression (death as outcome three waves after baseline) explored the relative strength of different housing transitions, controlling for sociodemographic predictors.Results: (1) Transition to residential housing within the previous 12?months was associated with the highest mortality risk. (2) Results support existing findings showing an interaction between marital status and mortality, whereby unmarried persons were more likely to die. (3) Higher male mortality was observed across all housing transitions.Conclusions: An older person's move to residential housing is associated with a higher risk of mortality within 12?months of the move. Survivors living in residential housing for more than a year, show a similar probability of dying to those living in sheltered housing. Results highlight that it is the type of accommodation that affects an older person's mortality risk, and the length of time they spend there
The fertility of recent migrants to England and Wales: interrelationships between migration and birth timing
No full textEstimates of fertility for the overseas-born based on the period Total Fertility Rate (TFR) suggest that levels of childbearing are significantly higher among foreign-born women than women born in the UK. However, the inter-relationship between migration and subsequent family formation means that aggregate measures of fertility based on period TFRs may not be a useful indicator of the likely completed family size that migrant women will have at the end of their reproductive lives. The aim of this paper is to quantify levels of childbearing in the period before and after migration and hence to examine the inter-relationship between the migration event and the timing of childbearing, and whether this relationship differs by country of birth. Data from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study, a 1% sample of the England and Wales population, are used to identify the reported date of arrival in the UK and to estimate childbearing prior to, and subsequent from, arrival in England and Wales. The data show that migrant groups experience low fertility rates prior to arrival (especially those arriving at young ages). Fertility rates peak in the first one to four years subsequent to arrival, especially for migrants from lower income countries. Migrants from high income countries show a delay in fertility after migration to England and Wales, and lower fertility rates, as compared to those from low income countries. We speculate that our finding of differing fertility profiles by country of birth groupings are likely to relate to the reason for migrating. Higher fertility rates for migrants from lower income countries may relate to family-related migration, whereas lower fertility among migrants originating in higher income countries may be due to employment related moves
Comparing changing age-specific fertility across the United Kingdom using Lexis diagrams
No full textWithin the constituent parts of the United Kingdom (UK) there are many differing demographic characteristics which are not routinely researched and understood. Among these characteristics are age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) which differ between the constituent countries of the UK. This paper aims to address a gap in the fertility literature by using the Lexis diagram to explore fertility trends within the UK. This work explores differing ASFRs using Lexis diagrams to allow for detailed analysis, interpretation and display of changes in fertility that have occurred. Lexis diagrams have not previously been used in the analysis of fertility for the constituent parts of the UK, yet are ideal for making such fine-grained comparisons as they show age at birth, year of birth and cohort trends simultaneously. The essence of this paper is the exploration of trends in fertility in the constituent countries of the UK for the period (1950-2008). The analysis is simple in terms of the output, with a gradient of colours showing contrasting high and low rates in the period of interest. The research shows that there are subtle differences between the constituent countries of the UK and over time a gradual convergence may be occurrin
Engineering geoprivacy using automated zone design
No full textDr Robards explains zone design and its utility as well as how it relates to new forms of dat
Estimating fertility rates using the ONS Longitudinal Study - what difference does the inclusion of non-continually resident members make?
No full textAmong datasets available for fertility research in England and Wales, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) Longitudinal Study (LS) is unique in its construction and scale. The large number of individuals who are part of the study means that it is an important dataset for estimating fertility trends in England and Wales by age and parity. This article uses the LS to estimate age?specific fertility rates (ASFRs) for England and Wales between 1991 and 2001. This necessitates great care to ensure that the exposure to risk of birth for female LS members is fully understood. To achieve this, two forms of residential history are defined – consistent cases where the residential information for the LS member is potentially complete for the whole decade and inconsistent cases where there is certainly some form of incompleteness in the residence information. By considering ‘all consistent cases’, that is both the continuously resident plus those who are not continuously resident but appear to have a complete residential history, we obtain ASFRs which are slightly lower than official statistics figures, but closer to these official figures than ASFRs produced when restricting the sample to LS members who remain continuously resident between 1991 and 2001. The fertility of those consistent cases who are not continuously resident is substantially higher than the rates of continuously resident cases
Identifying biases arising from combining census and administrative data – the fertility of migrants in the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study
No full textDemographic research is increasingly making use of longitudinal and life history data, given its strong analytical potential. Such data are frequently produced by linking and matching records from multiple sources. Where this is the case, there is the potential for a person’s appearance in one source of data to be conditional on an event in another source of data. This can lead to bias in estimating occurrence/exposure rates concerning the event in question unless the correct exposure can be identified. Achieving the latter requires understanding the reasons governing entry to the data. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) Longitudinal Study (LS) for England and Wales is a 1% sample of the population constructed by combining data from the census, vital registrations (births and deaths) and the National Health Service Central Register (NHSCR). This paper examines the difficulties in obtaining the correct exposure for rates in complex data sets by studying the fertility of migrants using the ONS LS. Three tests in relation to the fertility of female migrants to England and Wales illustrate the possible association between exposure to risk and subsequent events. The first identifies the ability of the data set to record new migrants, the second is concerned with the mode of entry to the data set and subsequent fertility and the third illustrates how the recorded fertility of migrants depends upon the way migration is measured
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