907 research outputs found
Scaling up qualitative data: with Professor Ken Benoit
No full textProfessor Benoit is the Principal Investigator in an ERC funded project QUANTESS developing innovative methods for the quantitative analysis of textual data in the social sciences. He is the co-author with Paul Nulty of the R software package for text analysis “quanteda”, and working on a book Quantitative Text Analysis Using R covering methods for managing, processing, and analysing textual data using the R programming language. He has taught quantitative text analysis extensively and has published research in this area targeting both methodology and political science applications
CPMCGLM: an R package for p-value adjustment when looking for an optimal transformation of a single explanatory variable in generalized linear models
No full textBackground
In medical research, explanatory continuous variables are frequently transformed or converted into categorical variables. If the coding is unknown, many tests can be used to identify the “optimal” transformation. This common process, involving the problems of multiple testing, requires a correction of the significance level.
Liquet and Commenges proposed an asymptotic correction of significance level in the context of generalized linear models (GLM) (Liquet and Commenges, Stat Probab Lett 71:33–38, 2005). This procedure has been developed for dichotomous and Box-Cox transformations. Furthermore, Liquet and Riou suggested the use of resampling methods to estimate the significance level for transformations into categorical variables with more than two levels (Liquet and Riou, BMC Med Res Methodol 13:75, 2013).
Results
CPMCGLM provides to users both methods of p-value adjustment. Futhermore, they are available for a large set of transformations.
This paper aims to provide insight the user an overview of the methodological context, and explain in detail the use of the CPMCGLM R package through its application to a real epidemiological dataset.
Conclusion
We present here the CPMCGLMR package providing efficient methods for the correction of type-I error rate in the context of generalized linear models. This is the first and the only available package in R providing such methods applied to this context.
This package is designed to help researchers, who work principally in the field of biostatistics and epidemiology, to analyze their data in the context of optimal cutoff point determination
Thesium philosophicarum fasciculus
No full textquem ... praeside ... Io. Friderico Benoit ... publicè tutabitur Ioh. Rodolphus Kochius, HBernas, phil. stud. author & respondens, ad diem 5. Martii ...Diss. Hohe Schule Bern, 171
Fables de La Fontaine: Une Anthologie proposée par Benoit Marchon
No full textHere are forty-three fables presented by an artist I have enjoyed twice elsewhere. The book's unusual shape (6½ x 10¾) is the first clue that it is going to present traditional material in a fresh way. Almost every presentation involves two pages and clever positioning of a few key images. GA (10-11) presents an ant with a sack of grain on his back marching across the page above a grasshopper moving upwards with a guitar on his back: character, load, and direction are all different. FC presents a cheese with its owner's name struck through and changed from Corbeau to Renard (12-13). WS shows a stork with a scissors for a head beside an x-ray of a wolf's digestive tract with the bone lodged down the throat (22-23). The spilt milk of MM is blotting out drawings of hens, pig, and cow (30-31). The surreal style fits the approach perfectly. Sometimes I have no idea why an object is presented the way Jarrie presents it; other times it is perfect. The bull in OF holds the frog by a tether as though the latter were a helium-filled balloon (32-33). Maybe best of all is The Rat and the Elephant (50-51). The elephant is segmented to make room for the text. Between the elephant's legs, mostly hidden from us, a cat reaches out a paw for the minuscule rat under the elephant's big belly. For sheer fun, try The Lion Defeated by a Man (78-79). The book has a place-holding ribbon, a short life of both La Fontaine and of Jarrie, and a helpful glossary of unusual language in the fables. This book fulfills its rear cover's promise of a fresh entry into a fabulous zoological park. Bravo, Jarrie!This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Language note: FrenchJean de La Fontaine; Benoit Marcho
Multiplicity of tests, and sample size determination of clinical trials
No full textCe travail a eu pour objectif de répondre aux problématiques inhérentes aux tests multiples dans le contexte des essais cliniques. A l’heure actuelle un nombre croissant d’essais cliniques ont pour objectif d’observer l’effet multifactoriel d’un produit, et nécessite donc l’utilisation de co-critères de jugement principaux. La significativité de l’étude est alors conclue si et seulement si nous observons le rejet d’au moins r hypothèses nulles parmi les m hypothèses nulles testées. Dans ce contexte, les statisticiens doivent prendre en compte la multiplicité induite par cette pratique. Nous nous sommes consacrés dans un premier temps à la recherche d’une correction exacte pour l’analyse des données et le calcul de taille d’échantillon pour r = 1. Puis nous avons travaillé sur le calcul de taille d’´echantillon pour toutes valeurs de r, quand les procédures en une étape, ou les procédures séquentielles sont utilisées. Finalement nous nous sommes intéressés à la correction du degré de signification engendré par la recherche d’un codage optimal d’une variable explicative continue dans un modèle linéaire généraliséThis work aimed to meet multiple testing problems in clinical trials context. Nowadays, in clinical research it is increasingly common to define multiple co-primary endpoints in order to capture a multi-factorial effect of the product. The significance of the study is concluded if and only if at least r null hypotheses are rejected among the m null hypotheses. In this context, statisticians need to take into account multiplicity problems. We initially devoted our work on exact correction of the multiple testing for data analysis and sample size computation, when r = 1. Then we worked on sample size computation for any values of r, when stepwise and single step procedures are used. Finally we are interested in the correction of significance level generated by the search for an optimal coding of a continuous explanatory variable in generalized linear model
L’écriture impliquée: nouvelle forme de l’engagement littéraire chez fatou diome, Léonora Miano et Marie Ndiaye
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Previous issue date: 2018-04-18Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107270
Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:37:00Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107270
Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:42:08Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemCette thèse propose d’expliciter les manières dont l’implication se manifeste dans les textes de Fatou Diome, Léonora Miano et Marie NDiaye. Dans un contexte français de résurgence de l’engagement littéraire, elle exprime des manières d’intervenir par l’écriture sur des problèmes sociaux ou politiques qui traversent la société. L’originalité de notre thèse tient à l’intérêt d’avoir privilégié le contexte d’écriture de ces auteures. En effet, la critique des littératures africaines francophones lie l’émergence de nouvelles formes d’écriture, à partir de années quatre-vingt, à la présence des auteurs de cette littérature dans un espace qui n’est plus africain mais essentiellement parisien. Le choix de l’implication nous permet d’inscrire les écrivaines choisies pour notre analyse dans un lieu témoin de pratiques d’écritures nouvelles qui montrent des préoccupations qui ne sont plus uniquement d’ordre esthétique.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01The student, Malyoune Benoit, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-18 at 07:03.The student, Malyoune Benoit, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-04-18 at 07:11.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-04-18 at 17:39.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12334 on 2018-08-31 at 17:20:24U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107270 on 2020-09-05T09:15:26Z
L'étude des cadastres antiques : à propos d'Olbia de Provence
No full textThe study of antique cadastres : namely about Olbia in Provence
The knowledge about the way land is occupied, as well in uran as rural areas, gain increasing importance with the actual approach to antique societies. The study of Greek and Roman cadastres in the Mediterrannean contour concern also Southern Gaul, not without arising problems of method about their identification, their restitution and their dating. Starting from his recent cadastral analysis of the territory surrounding the Marseilles foundation at Olbia. J. Benoit remains reserved about the reliability, the limits, even the dangers of the diverse techniques of investigation generally in practice.
Inside a zone where cadastre is established, to the North of Olbia, J. Benoit has dissociated the area situated to the North- North-East of the antique settlement. After a critical interpretation and Mediterranean wide comparaisons, the author delimits an area relatively restricted (750 acres), spreading from the sea to the mountain, regulated by a rectangular module 105x52,5 m. This cadastre most probably established on the basic mesure of a foot of 29,6 cm, could belong to a periode of Greek colonization (middle of the fourth - beginning of the first century B. C).La connaissance des modes de l'occupation des sols, tant urbaine que rurale, prend de plus en plus d'importance dans l'approche actuelle des sociétés antiques. L'étude des cadastrations grecques et romaines du pourtour méditerranéen concerne également le Midi gaulois, non sans poser plusieurs problèmes de méthode pour leur identification, leur restitution et leur datation. Partant de ses récentes analyses sur la cadastration du territoire alentour de la fondation massaliote d'Olbia, J. Benoit s'interroge, en premier lieu, sur la fiabilité, les limites, voire les dangers des diverses techniques d'investigation généralement usitées.
A l'intérieur d'une zone cadastrée au Nord d'Olbia, J. Benoit dissocie celle située au Nord-Nord-Est de l'agglomération antique. Après une interprétation critique et des comparaisons méditerranéennes, l'auteur délimite une aire relativement réduite (305 ha), s'étalant entre mer et montagne, rythmée selon un module rectangulaire de 105 x 52,5 m. Ce cadastre, très probablement édifié sur la mesure d'un pied de 29,6 cm, pourrait se rapporter à l'époque de colonisation grecque (milieu du IVème - début du Ier s. av. J.-C).Benoit Jean. L'étude des cadastres antiques : à propos d'Olbia de Provence. In: Documents d'Archéologie Méridionale, vol. 8, 1985. pp. 25-48
Type-II generalized family-wise error rate formulas with application to sample size determination
No full textACLInternational audienceno abstrac
Solving eigenvalue response matrix equations with nonlinear techniques
No full textThis paper presents new algorithms for use in the eigenvalue response matrix method (ERMM) for reactor eigenvalue problems. ERMM spatially decomposes a domain into independent nodes linked via boundary conditions approximated as truncated orthogonal expansions, the coefficients of which are response functions. In its simplest form, ERMM consists of a two-level eigenproblem: an outer Picard iteration updates the k-eigenvalue via balance, while the inner λ -eigenproblem imposes neutron balance between nodes. Efficient methods are developed for solving the inner λ-eigenvalue problem within the outer Picard iteration. Based on results from several diffusion and transport benchmark models, it was found that the Krylov-Schur method applied to the λ -eigenvalue problem reduces Picard solver times (excluding response generation) by a factor of 2–5. Furthermore, alternative methods, including Picard acceleration schemes, Steffensen’s method, and Newton’s method, are developed in this paper. These approaches often yield faster k-convergence and a need for fewer k-dependent response function evaluations, which is important because response generation is often the primary cost for problems using responses computed online (i.e., not from a precomputed database). Accelerated Picard iteration was found to reduce total computational times by 2–3 compared to the unaccelerated case for problems dominated by response generation. In addition, Newton’s method was found to provide nearly the same performance with improved robustness
Dissecting Aliens, Imagining Futures. Rethinking the 1995 Roswell Autopsy Video Hoax
No full textQuesto articolo si ispira alla teoria delle apocalissi culturali di Ernesto De Martino per analizzare il video di una presunta "autopsia aliena" girato a Roswell nel dopoguerra e diffuso nel 1995 come preteso "found footage" che avrebbe documentato la presenza di alieni sulla Terra. L'articolo si concentra sulla costruzione della presunta veridicità che ha accompagnato la diffusione del video, inquadrando le narrazioni su UFO e alieni come espressione di ansie collettive e interrogativi riguardanti temi quali l’esobiologia, le teorie sull'anomia successiva a un possibile contatto con forme di vita extraterrestre e l'ingegneria genetica. Attraverso il caso del video di Roswell, l’articolo esplora come la figura dell'alieno sia stata integrata in diverse visioni escatologiche e concezioni di futuri interplanetari. La ricerca approfondisce inoltre l’analisi sull'ambizione dell’ufologia di ottenere una legittimazione scientifica e sulla sua diffidenza verso il potere e le istituzioni, tracciando parallelismi e divergenze tra i discorsi sugli UFO e quelli legati ai generi del fantastico. Per illustrare questi punti, la ricerca analizza anche un episodio del programma televisivo "Mixer", trasmesso dalla rete nazionale italiana, che presentò in diretta il video dell’autopsia aliena durante la seconda serata, scatenando polemiche riguardanti le prerogative del servizio pubblico. Infine, l'articolo propone un'autoetnografia dell'autore, riflettendo sulla ricezione del video all'interno di un contesto personale per evidenziare come questo falso documentario sia riuscito a stimolare dibattiti su concetti quali l’autorità epistemica e il pensiero trascendente.This article draws on Ernesto De Martino's theory of cultural apocalypses to analyze a video of a supposed "alien autopsy" filmed in post-war Roswell and released in 1995 as alleged "found footage," claiming to document the presence of aliens on Earth. The article focuses on the construction of the presumed authenticity that accompanied the video's dissemination, framing UFO and alien narratives as expressions of collective anxieties and questions related to themes such as exobiology, theories of anomie following potential contact with extraterrestrial life, and genetic engineering. Through the case of the Roswell video, the article explores how the figure of the alien has been integrated into various eschatological visions and concepts of interplanetary futures.
The research further delves into Ufology's ambition to achieve scientific legitimacy and its distrust of power and institutions, drawing parallels and distinctions between discourses on UFOs and those found in the genres of speculative fiction. To illustrate these points, the study also examines an episode of the Italian national television program "Mixer," which aired the alien autopsy video during prime-time, sparking debates over the role of public broadcasting. Finally, the article offers an autoethnography by the author, reflecting on the personal reception of the video to highlight how this fake documentary succeeded in provoking discussions on concepts such as epistemic authority and transcendental thought
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