116 research outputs found
Initial steroid-free immunosuppression after liver transplantation in recipients with hepatitis c virus related cirrhosis
No full textAIM: Steroids can increase hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. After liver transplantation (LTx), steroids are commonly used for immunosuppression and acute rejection is usually treated by high steroid dosages. Steroids can worsen the outcome of recurrent HCV infection. Therefore, we evaluated the outcome of HCV infected liver recipients receiving initial steroid-free immunosuppression. METHODS: Thirty patients undergoing LTx received initial steroid-free immunosuppression. Indication for LTx included 7 patients with HCV related cirrhosis. Initial immunosuppression consisted of tacrolimus 2x0.05 mg/kg.d po and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 2x15 mg/kg.d po. The tacrolimus dosage was adjusted to trough levels in the target range of 10-15 mu g/L during the first 3 mo and 5-10 mu g/L thereafter. Manifestations of acute rejection were verified histologically. RESULTS: Patient and graft survival of 30 patients receiving initial steroid-free immunosuppression was 86% and 83% at 1 and 2 years. Acute rejection occurred in 8/30 patients, including 1 HCV infected recipient. All HCV-infected patients had HCV genotype II (1b). HCV seropositivity occurred within the first 4 mo after LTx. The virus load was not remarkably increased during the first year after LTx. Histologically, grafts had no severe recurrent hepatitis. CONCLUSION: From our experience, initial steroid-free immunosuppression does not increase the risk of acute rejection in HCV infected liver recipients. Furthermore, none of the HCV infected patients developed serious chronic liver diseases. It suggests that it may be beneficial to avoid steroids in this particular group of patients after LTx. Wietzke-Braun P, Braun F, Sattler B, Ramadori G, Ringe B. Initial steroid-free immunosuppression after liver transplantation in recipients with hepatitis c virus related cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10(15): 2213-2217 http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/10/2213.as
Transplantation for liver tumors: current status
No full textThe question of liver transplantation for hepatobiliary malignancy has continued to generate controversial discussion. As shown by single-center studies and large databases, there is a clear indication for total hepatectomy and liver replacement under the premises of appropriate selection of suitable patients as well as of favorable type and stage of tumors. Future improvement of tumor-free patient survival can be expected from better understanding of tumor biology, including prevention and earlier detection of cancer, and effective multimodality treatment strategies
Treatment of Hepatic Metastases from Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Role of Liver Transplantation
No full textThe role of liver transplantation in malignancy has been discussed, but controversially, over the past two decades. This is particularly true for hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine tumors, which have a wide variety of primary tumor localizations, morphologic types, functional activities, and clinical presentations. Despite generally slow tumor progression, the prognosis is often unpredictable. Total hepatectomy and liver replacement has been offered primarily to patients with nonresectable metastases and symptomatic disease. The results from retrospective single and multicentric analyses show that most liver recipients experience significant palliation despite tumor recurrence, and in some patients long-term cure can be achieved. The existing data emphasize the importance of proper selection and timing for this approach
Tainarys myracrodrui Burckhardt and Queiroz 2017
No full textTainarys myracrodrui Burckhardt and Queiroz, 2017 Materials examined. Brazil: São Paulo, Matão, numerous suction trap collected specimens (Burckhardt and Queiroz 2017); other material examined in Burckhardt and Queiroz (2017) – USA: Florida: Polk County: Winter Haven, 22.viii.2019, short suction trap (Kenneth Branch and Robinson Lawrence) (FSCA # E2019-4857) (FSCA, dry mounted). Diagnosis. Description see Burckhardt and Queiroz (2017). Distribution. Brazil (Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, São Paulo) (Burckhardt and Queiroz 2017). A single specimen was found in a sample from a short suction trap, collected in Winter Haven, Polk County, Florida (Halbert 2019). Host plants. Astronium graveolens Jacq., Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Anacardiaceae). Comments. As far as we know, neither Astronium Jacq. nor Myracrodruon Allemão (Anacardiaceae), the reported hosts in Brazil, occur in Florida. DPI personnel, including the first author, surveyed Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, (Anacardiaceae) growing near the trap but failed to find any more T. myracrodrui. Spondyliaspidinae Schwarz, 1898 Blastopsylla Taylor, 1985Published as part of Halbert, Susan E. & Burckhardt, Daniel, 2020, The psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Florida: newly established and rarely collected taxa and checklist, pp. 1-88 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (788) on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.456469
An annotated checklist of the jumping plant-lice (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psylloidea) from the Mercantour National Park, with seven new records for France and one new synonymy
No full textZoosystema is a diamond open access journal, free of charges for both the author and the reader and accessible here as soon as published. © Publications scientifiques du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
Adult-to-adult right lobe living donor liver transplantation: Comparison of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography with standard T2-weighted magnetic resonance cholangiography for evaluation of donor biliary anatomy
No full textAIM: To compare the value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) and standard T2-weighted magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in the evaluation process as adult-to-adult right lobe living donor liver transplantation (LDLTx) demands a successful outcome, and exact knowledge of the biliary tree is implicated to avoid biliary complications, postoperatively. METHODS: After starting the LDLTx program, 18 liver transplant candidates were selected for LDLTx by a stepwise evaluation process. ERC and standard T2-weighted MRC were performed to evaluate the biliary system of the donor liver. The anatomical findings of ERC and MRC mapping were compared using. the Ohkubo classification. RESULTS: ERC allowed mapping of the whole biliary system in 15/15 (100%) cases, including 14/15 (93.3%) with biliary variants while routine MRC was only accurate in 2/13 (15.4%) cases. MRC was limited in depicting the biliary system proximal of the hepatic bifurcation. Postoperative biliary complications occurred in 2 donors and 8 recipients. Biliary complications were associated with Ohkubo type C, E or G in 6/8 recipients, and 2/3 recipients with biliary leak received a graft with multiple (>= 2) bile ducts. CONCLUSION: Pretransplant ERC is safe and superior over standard MRC for detection of biliary variations that occur with a high frequency. However, precise knowledge of biliary variants did not reduce the incidence of postoperative biliary complications. (C) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved
Jumping plant-lice of the Paurocephalinae (Insecta, Hemiptera, Psylloidea): systematics and phylogeny
No full textMuch confusion exists with respect to the content and definition of the psyUid subfamily
Paurocephalinae. Based on a cladistic analysis of 22 morphological characters (16 adult
and 6 larval), the subfamily is redefined to comprise the following five valid genera:
Aphorma (3 species), Camarotoscena (12 valid species, with 1 new synonymy), DiC/idophlebia
(= Aconopsylla, Haplaphalara, Paraphalaroida, Sinuonemopsylla and Woldaia;
24 species), Paurocephala (52 species) and Syntomoza (= Anomoterga and Homalocephata;
7 species). The tribe Diclidophlebiini is synonymised with the subfamily Paurocephalinae.
The seven new generic synonymies produce 25 new species combinations. A
key to genera for adults and fifth instar larvae is presented. In their revised definitions
the genera exhibit relatively restricted distributions and host ranges: Aphorma: Palaearctic,
Oriental - Ranunculaceae; Camarotoscena: Palaearctic - Salicaceae; Diclidophtebia:
pantropical - Tiliaceae, Malvaceae, Sterculiaceae, Melastomataceae, Rhamnaceae,
Ulmaceae and Euphorbiaceae; Paurocephala: Old World tropics - Moraceae, Urticaceae.
Ulmaceae (all Urticales), Malvaceae. Sterculiaceae (all Malvales) and Clusiaceae (rheales);
Syntomoza: Oriental, Afrotropical, Palaearctic - Flacourtiaceae, Salicaceae. The
following taxa which have been referred to the Paurocephalinae are transferred to other
taxa: Atmetocranium to the Calophyidae and Primascena to the Aphalaroidinae;
Pseudaphorma is symonymised with Aphatara, and P. astigma with A. polygoni; the position
of Strophingia is confirmed in the Strophingiinae.peer-reviewe
Pseudophacopteron aulmanni Malenovský & Burckhardt 2009, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Pseudophacopteron aulmanni</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 30, 68, 86–88, 174–175, 231, 248)</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Adult. Colour. Similar to <i>P. zimmermanni</i>. Fore wing as in Fig. 30.</p> <p> Morphology. Head and legs similar to <i>P. zimmermanni</i>. Antenna relatively slender, segments cylindrical, weakly widening to apex; terminal setae subequal, the longer terminal seta only slightly longer than segments 9 and 10 together (Fig. 231). Fore wing pyriform, apex truncate; surface spinulation present in cells cu 2 and apical portion of r 2 (Fig. 68) or similar to <i>P. zimmermanni</i>. Male proctiger, in lateral view, relatively long and narrow (Fig. 86). Paramere relatively short, slender; in lateral view, nearly parallel-sided, apical part narrowly rounded, apex forming a tooth; paramere inner side densely covered with stout setae (Fig. 87). Apical dilation of distal segment of aedeagus relatively narrow, with dorsal margin basally angular and apex regularly rounded; a fine groove present on surface of apical dilation near dorsal margin (Fig. 88). Female proctiger and subgenital plate with short apical extensions; circumanal pore ring with two rows of pores, pores of outer row contiguous; subgenital plate, in lateral view, with ventral margin convex and apex forming a small tooth (Fig. 174); in ventral view subacute (Fig. 175). Dorsal and ventral valvulae laterally with 3–5 distinct teeth (Fig. 174). Measurements and ratios in Tabs. 2–4.</p> <p> Fifth instar larva (Fig. 248). Similar to <i>P. zimmermanni</i>, differing only in longer setae on abdomen. Average length of simple setae on caudal plate margin 0.063 mm (standard deviation 0.020, number of measured setae N=118). Average length of lanceolate setae on dorsum of caudal plate 0.017 mm (standard deviation 0.005, number of measured setae N=203). Other measurements and ratios in Tab. 5.</p> <p> <b>Host plant.</b> <i>Khaya senegalensis</i> (Meliaceae).</p> <p> <b>Biology.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Nigeria, south-eastern Africa (Zambezi River).</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype, ♂, <b>NIGERIA:</b> Zaria, Samaru, 11 February 1969, abundant on citrus (J. C. Deeming). Dry-mounted [BMNH]. Paratypes: <b>NIGERIA:</b> 10 ♂, 6 ♀, same data as holotype; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 19 larvae, Zaria, 29 January 1968, <i>Khaya senegalensis</i> (D. L. Krieger). <b>?</b> <b>MOZAMBIQUE /? ZAMBIA /? ZIMBABWE:</b> 7 ♂, 24 ♀, “Afrika or., Zambesi” (without exact information on locality, date and collector). Dry- and slide-mounted [BMNH, HNHM, MMBC, NHMB].</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named after the German entomologist Georg Aulmann, author of the first catalogue of world Psylloidea (Aulmann 1913).</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> <i>P. aulmanni</i> is close to <i>P. zimmermanni</i>, sharing a similar size, coloration including the fore wing pattern, morphology of most body parts of both adults and larvae, and the same host plant. It differs from the latter in the shorter antennal terminal setae, the shape of paramere, the narrower apical dilation of the aedeagus, the less convex female subgenital plate, and the longer setae on caudal plate of fifth instar larvae. The male and female terminalia of <i>P. aulmanni</i> are similar to <i>P. fuscivenosum</i>, from which it differs in the fore wing colour pattern, the shape of paramere and the host plant. The fore wing membrane of <i>P. fuscivenosum</i> is infuscated dark brown along veins R, the basal half of M, the entire length of Cu 1b, and the basal half of Cu 1a (Fig. 31). The paramere, in lateral view, is slightly broader and has a more convex posterior margin (Fig. 90). See also the comments under <i>P. khayae</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Malenovský, Igor & Burckhardt, Daniel, 2009, A review of the Afrotropical jumping plant-lice of the Phacopteronidae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2086 (1)</i> on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2086.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5310382">http://zenodo.org/record/5310382</a>
Preliminary report on the effect of xenoperfusion with human blood on cyclosporin A metabolism and cytochrome-P-4503A4-mRNA expression in a pig liver perfusion model
No full textObjectives: Little is known about the effect of ischemia/reperfusion with xenogenic blood on function and gene expression of CYP3A4, the enzyme largely responsible for the metabolism of the immunosuppressants Cyclosporin A (CsA) and Tacrolimus. Design and methods: In a pig liver perfusion model, we have compared the effect of perfusion (3 h) after 20 h cold storage, with either pig or human blood on CsA metabolism and CYP3A4-mRNA expression. CYP3A4-mRNA was quantified by RT-PCR, CsA and its major metabolites AM1, AM9, AM4N by RP-HPLC. IL-6 served as inflammation marker, GLDH and ALT to estimate tissue damage. Results: Inflammatory response and tissue damage were more extensive during xenoperfusion. CYP3A4 expression decreased similarly during xenogenic and allogenic perfusion. CsA conversion to its metabolites was also comparable during xeno- and alloperfusion. Conclusion: There is no evidence that during the early reperfusion period pig liver CYP3A4 is severely affected if the organ is xenoperfused with human blood in comparison with alloperfusion. (C) 2001 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. All rights reserved
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