285 research outputs found
Experiencing the armed struggle : the Soweto generation and after
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 354-369).This study explores the experiences of the rank-and-file soldiers of Umkhonto we Sizwe and the Azanian People's Liberation Anny. Extensive interviews by the author and other researchers reveal the voices of the soldiers themselves. The African National Congress and Pan African Congress archives at the University of the Western Cape and the University of Fort Hare supplement and verify these oral testimonies, as do some published sources. Most previously published materials about the armed struggle against apartheid have already focused on diplomacy, strategy and tactics, operations, leadership, and human rights abuses to the neglect of the soldiers' actual experiences. This study complements these with significant new oral history materials from the Soweto generation of soldiers and their successors. When dealing with MK, many authors have documented issues of the camp structure in Angola, and operations inside South Africa, so much of this detail is only addressed briefly, leaving space to explore the soldiers' experiences. In the case of APLA, very little has been written on its history, and more detail is provided on these subjects. This study therefore deals with the soldiers' politicisation and motivation for joining the armed struggle, their experiences in leaving South Africa and training in exile, the crises in exile which limited their effectiveness for a time, their return to fight in South Africa, and their difficulties in the "new" South Africa. These materials reveal that vast problems remain facing these veterans of the struggle against apartheid, and that they have the potential, if properly supported and employed, to contribute substantially to the development of present day South Africa. Conversely, if their neglect continues, they also have the potential to bring vast harm to the country. Further use of the investigative tools of oral history, especially if extended to the former soldiers' vernacular languages, is necessary to augment the history of South Africa, and these soldiers' contributions
Conservation in an Islamic context a case study of Makkah
No full textThe Holy Qu’ rān contains many injunctions for Muslims to respect and conserve the natural environment but few address the built environment. Habitat at the time of the Prophet (PBOH) was in the vernacular and relatively impermanent. The first habitat was the cave, the second the tent and then simple flat roofed buildings of post and lintel construction made of mud and rubble. Later buildings were not indigenous but reflected the architectural styles and techniques of Muslim pilgrims from beyond the Arabian Peninsula. Permanent exotic buildings were later erected as reminders of holy places and events. This work advances a case to restore and preserve historic and religious sites in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Makkah is the destination for millions of Muslim pilgrims who annually pay homage to Allah during the occasions of Hajj, Ramadan and Umra. The tranquillity and peaceful ambience that one associates with the holiest of Islamic experiences have, over the years, given way to jostling crowds of people who must be expediently housed, fed, transported, and protected. Due to the lack of planning and the insensitive but profitable development of the city, Makkah is in grave danger of becoming a bustling metropolis instead of a sanctuary where pilgrims gather to perform their religious rites and reaffirm their dedication to Allah. The author calls for professional planning and international cooperation to guide future development for this expanding and sensitive area. The author's ideas are grounded in practical and aesthetic study, therefore, the political, environmental and economic issues are examined in relationship to religious, historic and artistic values. The author makes proposals for a future Makkah that would provide pilgrims with the physical comforts, security, and serene environment they deserve—without destroying the city they came to visit. The author discusses preservation and conservation in the western world and the need for their acceptance in Muslim countries, the former being an aesthetic and intellectual concept sustained by law and the latter being the prescribed free expression of the individual unhindered by material considerations. Both worlds are rapidly being overwhelmed by materialism, but body, mind and spirit combine in making us aware of our surroundings and the way in what we see around us has come into being
Hyaluronic-Coated Albumin Nanoparticles for the Non-Invasive Delivery of Apatinib in Diabetic Retinopathy
No full textSalma El-Sayed Radwan,1 Amal El-Kamel,1 Eiman I Zaki,2 Susi Burgalassi,3 Erica Zucchetti,3 Riham M El-Moslemany1 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; 2Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; 3Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyCorrespondence: Riham M El-Moslemany 1, Khartoum Square, Azarita, Alexandria, EgyptTel +11 201006020405Email [email protected]: Apatinib (Apa) is a novel anti-vascular endothelial growth factor with the potential to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR); a serious condition leading to visual impairment and blindness. DR treatment relies on invasive techniques associated with various complications. Investigating topical routes for Apa delivery to the posterior eye segment is thus promising but also challenging due to ocular barriers. Hence, the study objective was to develop Apa-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (Apa-BSA-NPs) coated with hyaluronic acid (HA); a natural polymer possessing unique mucoadhesive and viscoelastic features with the capacity to actively target CD44 positive retinal cells, for topical administration in DR.Methods: Apa-BSA-NPs were prepared by desolvation using glutaraldehyde for cross-linking. HA-coated BSA-NPs were also prepared and HA: NPs ratio optimized. Nanoparticles were characterized for colloidal properties, entrapment efficiency (EE%), in vitro drug release and mucoadhesive potential. In vitro cytotoxicity on rabbit corneal epithelial cells (RCE) was assessed using MTT assay, while efficacy was evaluated in vivo in a diabetic rat model by histopathological examination of the retina by light and transmission electron microscopy. Retinal accumulation of fluorescently labeled BSA-NP and HA-BSA-NP was assessed using confocal microscope scanning.Results: Apa-HA-BSA-NPs prepared under optimal conditions showed size, PdI and zeta potential: 222.2± 3.56 nm, 0.221± 0.02 and − 37.3± 1.8 mV, respectively. High EE% (69± 1%), biphasic sustained release profile with an initial burst effect and mucoadhesion was attained. No evidence of cytotoxicity was observed on RCE cells. In vivo histopathological studies on DR rat model revealed alleviated retinal micro- and ultrastructural changes in the topical HA-Apa-BSA-NP treated eyes with normal basement membrane and retinal thickness comparable to normal control and intravitreally injected nanoparticles. Improved retinal accumulation for HA-BSA-NP was also observed by confocal microscopy.Conclusion: Findings present HA-Apa-BSA-NPs as a platform for enhanced topical therapy of DR overcoming the devastating ocular complications of the intravitreal route.Keywords: retinopathy, apatinib, bovine serum albumin, hyaluronic, mucopenetration, active targetin
The Pherobase
No full textThe Pherobase was developed by Dr. Ashraf El-Sayed, a research scientist at HortResearch in New Zealand, with the primary objective of providing "coverage of the literature published on chemical communication in insects." The Pherobase is intended for use by both scientific and non-scientific communities and currently contains "over 10000 entries, around 3000 molecules, and over 32000 static html pages that make it the world's largest database of behavior modifying chemicals." The site contains multiple Insect indices for such categories as Order, Family A-Z, and Species; References indices such as Discovery by Author, Discovery by Year, and References A-Z; and indices for Compounds, Compounds by Family, and Compounds by Genus. The site also contains a Contribution Form, and number of online forums relating to The Pherobase
Relationship between Nursing Students' Motivation to Learn and Their Competency Self-Efficacy at Secondary Technical Schools of Nursing
No full textAbstract: Motivation to learn and competency self-efficacy(CSE) are two of the most influential factors that affect nursing students academic performance and clinical success. Aim: Investigate the relationship between nursing students' motivation to learn and their competency self-efficacy. Study design: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: in 6 schools (3 female- 3male) out of 19 Secondary Nursing Technical Schools in Kafr El-Shikh governorate. Subjects: included Nursing Students in the previously selected settings (n=278) (134 female and 144 male). Tools: Two tools were used to conduct this study: Motivation to learn questionnaire and Nursing competency self-efficacy scale (NCSE). Results: The finding of this study revealed that the vast majority of the studied nursing students had high level of motivation to learn and nursing students had high level of competency self-efficacy. Conclusion: There was high levels of nursing students’ motivation to learn and high levels of competency self-efficacy (CSE). A statistically significant relationship was noticed between motivation to learn and competency self-efficacy. Recommendations: Develop strategies to motivate nursing students to learn and improve their competency self-efficacy.
Keywords: Motivation to learn, Nursing competency self-efficacy, Nursing students.
Title: Relationship between Nursing Students’ Motivation to Learn and Their Competency Self-Efficacy at Secondary Technical Schools of Nursing
Author: Asmaa Gomaa El-Gaafarey Mohamed, Neamat Mohamed El-sayed, Heba Mohamed Alanwar Ashour
Title: Relationship between Nursing Students’ Motivation to Learn and Their Competency Self-Efficacy at Secondary Technical Schools of Nursing
Author: Asmaa Gomaa El-Gaafarey Mohamed, Neamat Mohamed El-sayed, Heba Mohamed Alanwar Ashour
International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing
ISSN 2394-7330
Vol. 10, Issue 1, January 2023 - April 2023
Page No: 22-35
Novelty Journals
Website: www.noveltyjournals.com
Published Date: 12-January-2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7528763
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Relationship%20between%20Nursing%20Students-12012023-1.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing, ISSN 2394-7330, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.co
Intraoperative lidocaine infusion attenuates tourniquet induced hypertension in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under general anesthesia
No full textAbstractObjectiveThis randomized, double blind, controlled study was designed to test whether the intraoperative use of intravenous lidocaine bolus followed by infusion would attenuate the tourniquet induced hypertension (TIH) in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) under general anesthesia.Methods76 patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups. Lidocaine group (group L), in which patients received lidocaine 2% 1mg/kg IV bolus after induction of anesthesia followed by lidocaine infusion (2mg/kg/h) and placebo group (group P), in which patients received equal volumes of saline. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded before induction of anesthesia, before tourniquet inflation (baseline value), every 15min after tourniquet inflation, and after tourniquet deflation. The number of patients who developed TIH was recorded and total amount of propofol and fentanyl used intraoperative was recorded.ResultsSBP, DBP and HR were significantly less after tourniquet inflation in group L compared to group P in most of the time periods after tourniquet inflation (p value<0.05), the number of patients developed TIH was significantly less in group L compared to group P (26% in group L compared to 52.6% in group P) (p value 0.019), and the total amount of propofol and fentanyl used intraoperative was significantly less in group L compared to group P (p value 0.000).ConclusionIntraoperative use of lidocaine bolus (1mg/kg), followed by infusion (2mg/kg/h), started 10min before tourniquet inflation attenuated the TIH in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under general anesthesia
The effect of nebulized lidocaine hydrochloride on emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing Tonsillectomy
No full textAbstractBackgroundSevoflurane-related emergence agitation (EA) is considered a significant problem that interferes with children’s recovery; our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of nebulized lidocaine hydrochloride when given before sevoflurane anesthesia in attenuating EA in children undergoing tonsillectomy.Materials and methodsA randomized clinical study was conducted on eighty children ASA I and II who underwent tonsillectomy. The children were randomized to one of two groups according to the nebulizer contents. Lidocaine group (group L) received nebulized solution of 4mg/kg lidocaine hydrochloride and placebo group (group P) received nebulized solution contains 0.9% normal saline.ResultsThe number of agitated patients were significantly lowered in the lidocaine group compared to the placebo group; p value (0.012).ConclusionThe use of nebulized lidocaine before sevoflurane anesthesia for pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy attenuated the sevoflurane-related EA with no side effects
Ketamine/propofol versus fentanyl/propofol for sedating obese patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
No full textAbstractObjectiveThis study was conducted to compare two techniques of sedation for obese patients undergoing ERCP, using either ketofol or fentanyl–propofol as regards propofol consumption, recovery time, patients’ satisfaction, and sedation-related adverse events.Materials and methodsTwo hundred obese patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups; ketamine/propofol (ketofol) group KP (n=100) or fentanyl/propofol group FP (n=100). The level of sedation was adjusted to achieve a Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) score of 5.ResultsTotal dose of propofol consumed was significantly higher in group FP compared with group KP (97.08±23.31mg and 57.71±16.97)mg. Recovery time was slightly longer in group KP compared with group FP (11.19±2.59min and 9.43±1.23min, respectively), time needed to achieve Aldrete Recovery Scale Score of 9 was comparable in both groups, and sedation-related side effects as hypotension, bradycardia, apnea, and reduction of SpO2 were more significant in the FP group.In conclusionKetamine/propofol combination 1:4 provided better sedation quality than fentanyl/propofol combination with less side effects and can be safely used for sedating obese patients undergoing ERCP
The effect of ondansetron in preventing the hypotensive bradycardic events during shoulder arthroscopy done under interscalene block in the sitting position
No full textAbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to test whether blocking the serotonin receptors by intravenous [IV] ondansetron; can help in reducing the hypotensive bradycardic events [HB events] associated with shoulder arthroscopy done in the sitting position under interscalene plexus block [ISB].MethodsOne hundred and fifty patients, scheduled for shoulder arthroscopy in the sitting position under ISB, were randomly assigned to one of three groups receiving either: 4mg ondansetron, or 8mg ondansetron or saline.ResultsIV injection of ondansetron 4mg or 8mg significantly reduced the incidence of HB events from 20.4% in the saline group to 6.1% after injection of 4mg ondansetron and 6% after injection of 8mg ondansetron; p value [0.030].ConclusionIV ondansetron either 4mg or 8mg reduces the HB events during shoulder arthroscopy in the sitting position under ISB
A randomized controlled study of the effects of adding ultra-low dose naloxone to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia
No full textAbstractObjectiveThis study was designed to evaluate the effect of adding ultra-low dose of naloxone as an adjuvant to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA).MethodForty patients undergoing elective short procedures in the upper limb were randomly and blindly divided into two groups of twenty patients each. Group L (n=20) received 3mg/kg of 2% lidocaine diluted with normal saline to 30ml. Group LN (n=20) received 3mg/kg of 2% lidocaine and naloxone 100ng (1ml) diluted with normal saline to 30ml. Onset and recovery time of sensory and motor block, intraoperative and post-operative pain were measured by visual analog score (VAS), and also intraoperative analgesic requirement, time of first requirement of diclofenac postoperatively, total amount of diclofenac needed in 24h, patient’s satisfaction and surgeon’s satisfaction scores were measured.ResultsRecovery of sensory block was significantly longer in group LN (26.7±2.8min) compared to group L (16.3±0.6min); p value (0.000). Also the recovery of motor block was significantly longer in group LN (19.1±1.0min) compared to group L (17.9±1.2min), p value (0.002). Intraoperative fentanyl requirement was significantly less in group LN (15.8±5.0mcg) compared to group L (40.0±10.5mcg), p value (0.000). 1st fentanyl requirement time was significantly longer in group LN (22.4±3.1min) than in group L (14.5±6.1min), p value (0.000). Time of first analgesic requirement post-operative was longer in group LN (78.5±6.8min) compared to group L (40.5±2.0min), p value (0.000). Total amount of diclofenac needed in 24h was significantly less in group LN (57±50mg) compared to group L (120±45mg), p value (0.000).ConclusionThe addition of ultra-low-dose naloxone 100ng to lidocaine for IVRA in upper limb surgery, prolonged the duration of sensory and motor block, and reduced tourniquet pain, as well as intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumption
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