122,215 research outputs found
Réunion plénière de la Commission nationale pour l'U.N.E.S.C.O.. Réception de M, René Maheu Directeur général de l'U.N.E.S.C.O.
No full textBasch-Rigon M.-R. Réunion plénière de la Commission nationale pour l'U.N.E.S.C.O.. Réception de M, René Maheu Directeur général de l'U.N.E.S.C.O.. In: Femmes Diplômées, n°48, 1963. pp. 169-174
Il controllo giurisdizionale sulla richiesta di archiviazione: fra abnormità dell'ordinanza giudiziale e ne procedat iudex ex officio, nota a Sez. Un. 16 dicembre 2021, n. 10728.
No full textNon è abnorme il provvedimento con cui il giudice per le indagini preliminari non accolga la richiesta di archiviazione e restituisca gli atti al pubblico ministero perché effettui nuove indagini consistenti nell’interrogatorio dell’indagato, trattandosi di provvedimento non solo non avulso dall’ordinamento processuale, ma anzi espressione di poteri riconosciuti al giudice, e ciò anche nel caso in cui l’interrogatorio debba espletarsi con riguardo ad un reato diverso da quello per il quale l’archiviazione sia stata richiesta
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Surveillance analyses of in-patient palliative/terminal care provided to children with end-stage malignant disease.
No full textMedical and Pediatric Oncology (abstract
Development and assessment of energy methods for structural durability
No full textFatigue life assessment is the key task of the design of mechanical components subjected to service loads for avoiding failure occurring in the form of incipient cracks which may cause damages to the entire mechanical system or even worse to people.
The nowadays industrial applications increasingly require mechanical components having complex geometry subjected to complex loading conditions. Considering the guidelines of the fatigue design of welded joints as an example, the standards report several stress-based fatigue design curves each one related to the most common welded structural details under a given loading direction. For this reason, by adopting the nominal approach, if the welded detail is different from those reported in the standards, the choice of the proper design fatigue curve might not be done for certain.
This dissertation deals with fatigue assessment of metallic material and components by adopting local energy-based parameter which can quantify the local damage due to stress gradient caused by notches as well as defects. More precisely, the extension of the applicability of three energy-based approaches to several factors that influence the fatigue strength of material and components in addition to those already covered is the aim of the present dissertation.
The first energy-based method, the so-called Peak Stress Method deals with the fatigue assessment of welded joints by means of a numerical FE-oriented application of the Notch- Stress Intensity Factors (N-SIFs). The equivalent peak stress (the fatigue damage parameter used for assessing the fatigue strength of welded joints) can be obtained by invoking the averaged Strain Energy Density (SED) criterion. The second one deals with the fatigue characterization of metallic component by assuming the specific heat loss per cycles as a fatigue damage parameter which can be evaluated in a standard constant amplitude fatigue test by adopting an easy experimental technique based on temperature measurements of material surface. The third one deals with the fatigue characterization of metallic materials produced by additive manufacturing, one of the most attractive and studied technology nowadays. Since these materials are affected by the presence of irregular defects, energy-related fracture mechanics approaches seem to be the most suitable for fatigue life assessment.
In the first chapter, the state of the art of energy-based methods for fatigue and fracture mechanics characterization are described along with their theoretical frameworks.
In the second chapter, the theoretical framework for extending the applicability of Peak Stress Method to the fatigue strength assessment of welded joints subjected to multiaxial loading conditions has been presented. Then, several multiaxial fatigue data taken from the literature relevant to both aluminum and steel welded joints were analysed by using the PSM for validating the theoretical prediction. The equivalent peak stress has shown to correlate with good approximation about all the experimental data.
The third chapter deals with the analysis of the thermal energy dissipated during fatigue tests on severely notched AISI 304L stainless steel specimens. For the first time, the specific heat loss per cycle (Q parameter) was evaluated experimentally on 4-mm-thick, hot-rolled AISI 304L stainless steel specimens, characterized by 3, 1 and 0.5 mm notch tip radii by means of a FLIR SC7600 infrared camera during fully reversed axial fatigue tests. The new fatigue test results were successfully included in the existing heat energy-based scatter band previously calibrated on plain and bluntly notched specimens. Finally, an analysis of the heat energy dissipated around the notch tip has been presented and discussed with the aim of proposing a semi-automatic procedure to evaluate the thermal energy dissipated distribution.
The fourth and fifth chapters deal with the analysis of the thermal energy dissipation on both AISI 304L and C45 steels specimens subjected to multiaxial loads. The specific heat loss per cycle was measured during constant amplitude multiaxial fatigue tests adopting two different phase shift angles of the applied loads and two biaxiality ratios. All the fatigue test results on both materials are in good agreement with the relevant scatter band previously calibrated except for the out of phase multiaxial fatigue results relevant to the AISI 304L steel. These results seem to be justified by the strain-induced martensitic transformation in metastable austenitic stainless steel, significantly present in out of phase cyclic loading condition.
In the sixth chapter, the influence of the defect on fatigue behaviour of maraging steel specimens has been investigated. Axial fatigue tests were carried out on three batches of AMed maraging steel specimens produced by two different AM systems. Furthermore, axial fatigue tests were carried out on wrought maraging steel specimens both in annealed and in aged condition. After failure, the √area of the killer defects was examined by SEM observations of the fracture surfaces. A stress intensity factor-based design curve for all the test series was obtained taking into account the short crack effect by means of the El-Haddad-Smith-Topper model. Due to the lack of expensive experimental data to determine the relevant material length parameter a0, a novel rapid method to approximately evaluate a0 has been proposed. In particular, it consists in matching El-Haddad-Smith-Topper model with Murakami’s expression of the threshold range of mechanically short cracks. The advantage of the adopted engineering approach is that only Vickers hardness of the material is necessary. Theoretically, this rapid method can be also adopted to estimate the size of the control volume of the averaged SED approach due to the analogy of the latter to the material length parameter a0. In the end, the stress intensity factor-based design curve was adopted to estimate the fatigue strength of sharp V-shaped notches characterized by a reduced notch opening angle
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Le elezioni vescovili nel processo di sviluppo delle istituzioni ecclesiastiche a Padova
No full textAntonio Rigon, Le elezioni vescovili nel processo di sviluppo delle istituzioni ecclesiastiche a Padova, p. 371-409.
I contrasti per le elezioni vescovili, che pongono ripetutamente in crisi la Chiesa padovana nel Duecento, non sono soltanto manifestazione caratteristica di un più generale fenomeno di restrizione dell'assemblea elettorale ai soli canonici della cattedrale; essi appaiono legati anche allo sviluppo e al deciso affermarsi di nuove forze e istituzioni ecclesiastiche (Fratalea capellanorum, ordo sancti Benedicti de Padua) che si affiancavano ai tradizionali centri di potere religioso (capitolo della cattedrale, monastero di S. Giustina) e, corne in altri settori, tendevano a svolgere un ruolo attivo pure nella designazione della persona del vescovo. Nel delineare le vicende relative alle nomine episcopali tra XII e XIII secolo, l'a. mette in luce il peso assunto da tali forze nella crescente organizzazione ecclesiastica padovana e la dinamica dei loro rapporti. Accenna anche ad analoghi problemi in altre diocesi del Veneto (Castello, Treviso, Vicenza, Verona), ricorda gli sviluppi délia situazione politica che, soprattutto nell'età ezzeliniana, condizionarono l'elezione vescovile, sottolinea i frequenti interventi della Sede apostolica che, di fatto, nella seconda meta del XIII sec. avocò a se la scelta dei pastori con conseguenze di rilievo : estrazione non più padovana dei vescovi tra XIII e XIV sec, probabili modifiche nella composizione della familia che attorno ad essi gravitava, accresciuta importanza degli ordini mendicanti.Rigon Antonio. Le elezioni vescovili nel processo di sviluppo delle istituzioni ecclesiastiche a Padova. In: Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome. Moyen-Age, Temps modernes, tome 89, n°1. 1977. pp. 371-409
Rigon L, Maccari F, Salvalaio M, Legnini E, D’Avanzo F, Galeotti F, Mantovani V, Gabrielli O, Marin O, Scarpa M, Volpi N, Tomanin R. Glycosaminoglycan profile in the Mucopolysaccharidosis type II mouse model at baseline and after 6 weeks treatment with ERT
No full textMucopolysaccharidosis type II is a lysosomal storage disease due to the deficit of the enzyme iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS) and to the consequent accumulation of heparan (HS) and dermatan (DS) sulfate, with multi-organ involvement. In this study, we characterized uronic acid-bearing glycosaminoglycans (UA-GAGs) profile in different organs (brain, liver, kidney, heart, lung) of the Ids knock-out (Ids-ko) mouse model at 12 weeks of age and after 6 weeks treatment with the human IDS (hIDS) enzyme, by using the capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) technique.
As expected, untreated Ids-ko mice showed a heavy accumulation of total GAGs compared to wild-type (wt) mice, ranging from a 4X increase in lung up to 150X in liver. A deeper analysis of the single UA-GAGs (hyaluronic acid, HA; chondroitin sulfate, CS; DS; HS) highlighted that cumulative CS and DS (CS+DS) and, above all, HS contribute to the observed increase in all organs, whereas HA appears slightly increased in the Ids-ko mice only in the kidney (1.2X). The evaluation of the HS chemical groups composition underlined that the 2-O-sulfated (2s) species are always slightly increased (1.6X) in the Ids-ko mice, 6-O-sulfated (6s) species remain unaltered only in the liver, whereas the N-acetyl (Na) reduce slightly in liver and heart. The disaccharide composition of CS-DS was also examined, pointing out that in liver, heart, kidney and lung the non-sulfated (C0S) and the 6-sulfated (C6S) disaccharides are reduced in the Ids-ko mice, while the 4-sulfated (C4S) disaccharide is increased. This confirmed that the greatest contribution to CS+DS is given by DS, that is naturally more sulfated in position 4. Differently, in the brain the C4S remains unchanged, the C0S is decreased and the C6S is increased, indicating a secondary accumulation of CS in the Ids-ko mice, possibly suggesting an involvement of the molecule in the neurological pathology.
We conducted the same analysis also in Ids-ko mice treated with 1 mg/kg of hIDS, once a week for 6 weeks. As expected, we observed a huge reduction of CS+DS and HS in all organs (from 1.7X in lung to 16.4X in liver) vs untreated Ids-ko mice. Only in the brain we did not observe a reduction of the different UA-GAGs, confirming the hIDS inability to cross the blood-brain barrier; only a slight increase in HA levels was observed following treatment.
These preliminary data pave the way for a clearer understanding of the involvement of different UA-GAGs species in the pathology of MPS II and also underline the potential of CE-LIF analysis, being a more sensitive technique, for monitoring the therapeutic efficacy. This becomes particularly important in the brain, where very low GAG levels can be detected by common biochemical techniques
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