4 research outputs found
ANALISA SISTEM KINERJA EFEKTIVITAS POMPA LUMPUR TRIPLEX PADA WORKOVER OPERATION SUMUR X LAPANGAN PERTAMINA
Get PDFPenelitian ini membahas proses Pada suatu operasi workover atau perbaikan sumur produksi minyak / gas, performa dari pompa lumpur yang sering dianggap sebagai jantung dari sistem sirkulasi. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan pompa lumpur memiliki pengaruh yang cukup besar dalam kontribusinya sebagai alat sirkulasi lumpur pemboran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari performa dari pompa lumpur triplex. Metode pengmpulan data meliputi data pompa, data sumur, data lapangan, dan data rig. Dari hasil pengamatan dan analisa dapat diketahui bahwa pompa ini mengalami penurunan kinerja dikarenakan usia pompa yang sudah lama, maka perlu dilakukan pemulihan sistem pompa supaya seperti semula, sehingga di harapkan penelitian ini mampu menghasilkan informasi yg berguna mengenai pompa lumpur triplex
IMPLEMENTATION OF VIRTUAL TOUR USING IMAGE STITCHING AS AN INTRODUCTION MEDIA OF SMPN 1 KARANGKOBAR TO NEW STUDENTS
Get PDF“During the pandemic, the education sector experienced a decline where students and teachers had to do online learning due to the increasingly widespread Covid-19 outbreak. Therefore, the Indonesian government decided to reduce activities that cause crowds in order to prevent the transmission of Covid-19 in Indonesia. With such problems, the author can provide a solution by using a Virtual Tour which is used as a medium to introduce Karangkobar 1 State Junior High School to students who want to register when PPDB takes place. Virtual Tour in the form of 360-degree panoramic images provided with a hotspot and several features such as popups such as images and information that appear in real time. In the functional testing of the Espensaka Virtual Tour application, it was carried out using the Blackbox Testing method on eight different smartphones which produced functions that could run well but had problems with the Gyroscope which could not run on laptops and computers. Then the test using the SUS (System Usability Scale) method with 90 respondents who filled out 10 questions on the questionnaire resulted in an average value of 73.8 which the score according to the System Usability Scale Grade was included in a good rating. From the results of testing using the method on the application, it can be concluded that the Espensaka Virtual Tour application can be run well but has problems with the Gyroscope which cannot be run on laptops and computers. The Espensaka Virtual Tour application can still be used by making an improvement on the recommended hotspot
PEMANTAUAN KEBIJAKAN PENATAAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI KECAMATAN GARUT KOTA OLEH TIM PENATAAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA KABUPATEN GARUT
No full textSkripsi ini berupaya menyajikan hasil penelitian yang merefleksikan kegiatan Pemantauan Kebijakan Penataan Pedagang Kaki Lima di Kecamatan Garut Kota oleh Tim Penataan dan Pemberdayaan Pedagang Kaki Lima Kabupaten Garut. Latar belakang dari penelitian ini ialah tercetusnya kebijakan Penataan Pedagang Kaki Lima yang diprakarsai pada era kepemimpinan Rudy Gunawan selaku Bupati Garut Periode 2014 – 2019, sebagai upaya dalam menata kembali pusat perkotaan dan menertibkan para Pedagang Kaki Lima yang berjualan di sekitar pusat kota, hingga dalam praktiknya ditemukan suatu kendala dari pelaksanaan kebijakan tersebut yang disebabkan karena tidak efektifnya kegiatan pemantauan (monitoring) kebijakan. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari William N. Dunn (1999), beliau mengemukakan bahwa Pemantauan setidaknya memainkan empat fungsi yaitu Eksplanasi, Akuntansi, Pemeriksaan, dan Kepatuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan berupa observasi non- partisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Teknik triangulasi sumber dijadikan sebagai pemeriksaan keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini, kemudian data-data tersebut direduksi, disajikan, dan ditarik simpulan. Berdasarkan penelitian Penulis, nyatanya kegiatan pemantauan kebijakan tidak dapat dipandang sebelah mata, dikarenakan pemantauan kebijakan memiliki peran yang vital dalam menilai dan mengawal sejauh mana kebijakan yang sedang dilaksanakan dapat berjalan sesuai dengan koridor tujuan dan sasaran kebijakan tersebut, sehingga Pemantauan Kebijakan tidak dapat hanya dimaknai secara harfiah saja, perlu dilakukan elaborasi yang mendalam, seperti pada aspek Kepatuhan, Pemeriksaan, Akuntansi, dan/ atau Eksplanasi, karena hasil dari pemantauan kebijakan dapat dijadikan acuan untuk melakukan upaya koreksi/ modifikasi kebijakan. ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of research that seeks to reflect the monitoring activities Structuring Street Vendors Policy in Garut Kota subdistrict by Team Arrangement and Empowerment of Street Vendors Garut. The background of this study is that the conclusions of the policy Structuring Street Vendor initiated the era of the leadership of Rudy Gunawan as Garut Regent Period of 2014 - 2019, as an effort to restructure the urban centers and curb the street vendors who sell at around the center of town, up in practice found a constraint on the implementation of the policy caused by lack of effective monitoring policy. The theory used in this study came from William N. Dunn (1999), he argued that the monitoring of at least play four functions, namely Explanation, Accounting, Auditing, and Compliance. This research is conducted by using descriptive and qualitative approach. Data obtained using literature study and field studies in the form of non-participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Triangulation techniques serve as a source of data validity checking in the study, then the data is reduced, presented, and the conclusions drawn. Based on the study of author, in fact monitoring policy can not be underestimated, because the monitoring policy has a vital role in assessing and guarding the extent to which the policy is being implemented to run in accordance with the corridor aims and objectives of the policy. So, the monitoring policy can not be simply interpreted a literal, depth elaboration is necessary, as in the aspect of Compliance, Auditing, Accounting, and/ or Explanation, because the results of the monitoring policy could be use as a reference to make efforts correction/ modification of the policy.</jats:p
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
No full textAbstract: Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 comparative risk assessment (CRA) is a comprehensive approach to risk factor quantification that offers a useful tool for synthesising evidence on risks and risk outcome associations. With each annual GBD study, we update the GBD CRA to incorporate improved methods, new risks and risk outcome pairs, and new data on risk exposure levels and risk outcome associations. Methods We used the CRA framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or groups of risks from 1990 to 2017. This study included 476 risk outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from 46 749 randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We explored the relationship between development and risk exposure by modelling the relationship between the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and risk-weighted exposure prevalence and estimated expected levels of exposure and risk-attributable burden by SDI. Finally, we explored temporal changes in risk-attributable DALYs by decomposing those changes into six main component drivers of change as follows: (1) population growth; (2) changes in population age structures; (3) changes in exposure to environmental and occupational risks; (4) changes in exposure to behavioural risks; (5) changes in exposure to metabolic risks; and (6) changes due to all other factors, approximated as the risk-deleted death and DALY rates, where the risk-deleted rate is the rate that would be observed had we reduced the exposure levels to the TMREL for all risk factors included in GBD 2017. Findings In 2017,34.1 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 33.3-35.0) deaths and 121 billion (144-1.28) DALYs were attributable to GBD risk factors. Globally, 61.0% (59.6-62.4) of deaths and 48.3% (46.3-50.2) of DALYs were attributed to the GBD 2017 risk factors. When ranked by risk-attributable DALYs, high systolic blood pressure (SBP) was the leading risk factor, accounting for 10.4 million (9.39-11.5) deaths and 218 million (198-237) DALYs, followed by smoking (7.10 million [6.83-7.37] deaths and 182 million [173-193] DALYs), high fasting plasma glucose (6.53 million [5.23-8.23] deaths and 171 million [144-201] DALYs), high body-mass index (BMI; 4.72 million [2.99-6.70] deaths and 148 million [98.6-202] DALYs), and short gestation for birthweight (1.43 million [1.36-1.51] deaths and 139 million [131-147] DALYs). In total, risk-attributable DALYs declined by 4.9% (3.3-6.5) between 2007 and 2017. In the absence of demographic changes (ie, population growth and ageing), changes in risk exposure and risk-deleted DALYs would have led to a 23.5% decline in DALYs during that period. Conversely, in the absence of changes in risk exposure and risk-deleted DALYs, demographic changes would have led to an 18.6% increase in DALYs during that period. The ratios of observed risk exposure levels to exposure levels expected based on SDI (O/E ratios) increased globally for unsafe drinking water and household air pollution between 1990 and 2017. This result suggests that development is occurring more rapidly than are changes in the underlying risk structure in a population. Conversely, nearly universal declines in O/E ratios for smoking and alcohol use indicate that, for a given SDI, exposure to these risks is declining. In 2017, the leading Level 4 risk factor for age-standardised DALY rates was high SBP in four super-regions: central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia; north Africa and Middle East; south Asia; and southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania. The leading risk factor in the high-income super-region was smoking, in Latin America and Caribbean was high BMI, and in sub-Saharan Africa was unsafe sex. O/E ratios for unsafe sex in sub-Saharan Africa were notably high, and those for alcohol use in north Africa and the Middle East were notably low. Interpretation By quantifying levels and trends in exposures to risk factors and the resulting disease burden, this assessment offers insight into where past policy and programme efforts might have been successful and highlights current priorities for public health action. Decreases in behavioural, environmental, and occupational risks have largely offset the effects of population growth and ageing, in relation to trends in absolute burden. Conversely, the combination of increasing metabolic risks and population ageing will probably continue to drive the increasing trends in non-communicable diseases at the global level, which presents both a public health challenge and opportunity. We see considerable spatiotemporal heterogeneity in levels of risk exposure and risk-attributable burden. Although levels of development underlie some of this heterogeneity, O/E ratios show risks for which countries are overperforming or underperforming relative to their level of development. As such, these ratios provide a benchmarking tool to help to focus local decision making. Our findings reinforce the importance of both risk exposure monitoring and epidemiological research to assess causal connections between risks and health outcomes, and they highlight the usefulness of the GBD study in synthesising data to draw comprehensive and robust conclusions that help to inform good policy and strategic health planning. Copyright (C) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd
