121,824 research outputs found
Abrasivity by bentonite dispersions
No full textBentonites are used for various industrial applications. Their physicochemical properties depend on the mineralogical and chemical composition, the type of smectite, the grain size distribution, the cation exchange capacity (CEC), the dominant interlayer cation (Na(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+)), and the layer charge density. All these parameters can be measured with acceptable precision. Nevertheless, the performance of a bentonite in a given application is often unpredictable. An additional relevant parameter is the "microfabric" describing the arrangement of minerals and/or the intergrowth of the minerals with glass. The microfabric is supposed to affect different bentonite properties such as swelling capacity and rheology. The present study focuses on the influence of different microfabrics on the abrasivity by bentonite dispersions. The abrasivity of bentonite dispersions mainly depended on two factors: 1) on the amount of hard and sharp accessory minerals and volcanic glass and 2) the grain size distribution, which was produced by different grinding techniques. The abrasivity increased with decreasing grain size, which was caused by breaking the hard components (minerals and glass) leading to an increased number of sharp edges. In addition, there was evidence for a subordinate influence of the type of exchangeable cations. This influence is explained by the different relative arrangements of smectite particles towards the surfaces of hard and sharp minerals. Na(+) exchanged glass rich samples showed higher abrasion values than the Ca(2+) exchanged samples. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
FOR WHOM REDUCED PRICES COUNT: A CENSORED QUANTILE REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF VEGETABLE DEMAND
No full textLow consumption of vegetables is linked to many diseases. From a health perspective, the distribution of consumption is at least as important as mean consumption. We investigated the differential effects of policy changes on high- and low-consuming households by using 15,700 observations from 1986 to 1997. Many households did not purchase vegetables during the two-week survey periods and censored as well as ordinary quantile regressions were estimated. Removal of the value added tax for vegetables, income increases, and health information are unlikely to substantially increase purchases in low-consuming households. Nevertheless, information provision is cheap and best targeted at low-consuming households.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,
Dissipative Range Scaling of Higher Order Structure Functions for Velocity and Passive Scalars
No full textDifferently to Kolmogorov's second similarity hypothesis, we find that the 2n-th order velocity and scalar structure functions scale with n-th order moment of the energy dissipation and the scalar dissipation, respectively. The origins of this scaling are analyzed by the transport equations of the fourth order velocity and scalar increment moments and by direct numerical simulations
Fast implementation of iterative adaptive approach for wideband unambiguous radar detection
No full textAccepted author manuscriptMicrowave Sensing, Signals & System
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