1,720,971 research outputs found
DNA microarray technology in cancer research
No full textMicroarray technology transforms the study of functional genetics. The entire genomic activity of cells and tissues can be analysed and compared on single slides, or gene chips. In cancer research, this will allow the better understanding of the regulation of activity of cells and tumours in various states. It will also allow the classification of individual tumours by their gene expression patterns, which may also describe and predict therapeutic resistance and sensitivity patterns. This short article provides a short introduction to the technology and its applications
Deinococcus radiodurans
No full textDeinococcus radiodurans (DeiRa) is a remarkable organism. Its properties of extreme resistance to environmental damage and ionising radiation command the attention of the cancer research community for the insights which it may bring to the understanding of cytotoxic and radiotherapy treatment resistance
Small RNAs: a new class of genome regulators and their significance
No full textThe discovery of new functions for RNA and a new category of RNA molecules offers significant insights into the regulation of the genome. This may have considerable implications for the understanding and manipulation of cancer biology
Mitochondrial DNA, human evolution and the cancer genotype
No full textMitochondrial DNA is a small, well characterized chromosome which is transmitted across the generations in the maternal lineage, independently of nuclear DNA. mtDNA acts in effect as a robust, species specific biological clock and tracer which can be used to follow the evolution and spread by geographic migration of populations from their origins. Mutations in mtDNA cause specific maternally hereditable diseases, and can be used for forensic purposes. They are not specifically implicated in neoplasia, but they may provide clues as to the nature and origins of cancer susceptibility in various populations
The drosophila genome and its oncological implications
No full textThe genome of the fruit fly has recently been sequenced, prior to the release of the human genome sequence within the next few years. The fly has some 13 600 genes, compared with the estimated 80 000 genes in the human genome. Some 70% of genes appear to be broadly conserved across eukaryotic species, and some remarkable homologies have been found between 177 genes in the fly and the 289 human genes so far associated with diseases in man. The fruit fly genome is likely to prove an elegant model and a rich source of experimentation for the aetiology and regulation of human cancers
Quaternary basic man
No full textThis article is one of a series of educational features on contemporary developments in cell and molecular sciences of relevance to cancer specialists. It describes significant aspects of the human genome and related technologies, as revealed in the publication of draft sequences by two consortia in 2001
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