1,720,979 research outputs found
Molecular Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
No full textHerpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality both in neonates and adults. An early diagnosis can greatly help to reduce mortality in both groups; however, since none of the presenting symptoms is pathognomonic for HSE, a clinical diagnosis is unreliable. On the other hand, the technique of isolating herpes simplex virus (HSV) from brain biopsies, although providing an early and specific diagnosis, has never been widely accepted because of the risk of neurological complications connected with the invasiveness of the method. In addition, several studies reported that the two HSV types appear to be differently associated with specific neurological complications, indicating that it would be important to gain a differential-type diagnosis to guide both prevention strategies and antiviral therapy. Therefore, the need for noninvasive specific and sensitive techniques has given impulse to the development of assays based on the search of either ..
Rapid detection of human metapneumovirus strains in nasopharyngeal aspirates and shell vial cultures by monoclonal antibodies.
Full text linkMonoclonal antibodies to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) were developed for direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) staining of nasopharyngeal aspirates from 40 infants with respiratory infections, as well as for hMPV identification in shell vial cultures. With reference to reverse transcription-PCR, DFA staining showed sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 73.9%, 94.1%, 94.4%, and 72.7%, respectively. Monoclonal antibodies are useful for direct hMPV detection
Adoptive Transfer of Herpesvirus specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Transplant Recipients
No full textSerum and cerebrospinal fluid herpes simplex virus type 1 immunoglobulin G and M titers in four cases of herpes simplex encephalitis.
No full textRising antigenemia levels may be misleading in pre-emptive therapy of human cytomegalovirus infection in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
No full textHematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients after show rising levels of antigenemia during pre-emptive ganciclovir treatment of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. This raises some doubts about the therapeutic decisions to be taken. Three groups of HSCT recipients with HCMV infection undergoing anti-viral treatment were identified: group A, showing increasing antigenemia and decreasing viremia and DNAemia; group B, with simultaneous increases in antigenemia, viremia, and DNAemia; and group C, with decreasing levels of all 3 viral markers. Viral load, determined as levels of antigenemia, viremia and DNAemia, was monitored for 3 months post-transplantation in all groups. RESULTS: Group A HSCT recipients showed antigenemia peaks 2-11 days after the onset of treatment, reaching negative levels only 25-30 days thereafter, whereas viremia and DNAemia started to drop earlier. Group B patients, mainly including HSCT recipients with grade II-IV acute GvHD treated with steroids prior to and during antiviral treatment, showed increasing levels of all three viral parameters until 5-10 days after the start of treatment; the levels dropped to negative values 25-30 days thereafter. Group C patients, who acted as controls, progressively cleared virus from blood as an early result of antiviral therapy. Antigenemia is not the best assay to guide pre-emptive therapy. Group A patients, who have an isolated increase of antigenemia, do not require a change of the ongoing antiviral therapy. Whether better control of infection could be obtained in group B patients by either reducing immunosuppressive therapy (when possible) or adopting combination therapy remains to be determined
Identification of human cytomegalovirus strain with immediate-early (IE) antigen-specific monoclonal antibody is prevented by point mutation in IE gene.
No full textSpecific activation of B-cell clones within the central nervous system in course of herpes simplex encephalitis.
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In vitro model for the study of the dissociation of increasing antigenemia and decreasing DNAemia and viremia during treatment of human cytomegalovirus infection with ganciclovir in transplant recipients.
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