1,721,011 research outputs found
Ḫattuša. Architetture nello spazio del paesaggio
Full text linkThe archaeological site of Hattuša, inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1986, was the ancient capital of the Hittite Empire, one of the most influential “territorial states” of the Near East during the second millennium BC. Founded in central Anatolia at the end of the third millennium BC, the city expanded with the establishment of an Assyrian merchant colony in the early centuries of the second millennium BC. Following its destruction around 1720 BC by Anitta, king of Neša, a rival Anatolian city, Hattuša became the Hittite capital around 1650 BC. This marked a profound transformation in the urban layout, which adopted a distinctly monumental character. Not only did the city’s size expand dramatically, but its architecture developed a unique language, creating new conceptions of religious, civic, and military space – manifestations of the rise of the Hittite state and its imperial aspirations. Alongside the development of new architectural forms, a series of social and technological innovations enabled this transition, resulting in a level of social complexity that was unparalleled in pre-Classical central Anatolia. Hattuša remained the capital of the Hittite Empire until around 1180 BC
Architetture del mare. Un metodo per lo studio delle tonnare
Full text linkThe theme of tonnare lends itself to a multiplicity of approaches and allows for the development of different research paths, all however integrated to form a single and extensive body of studies, intimately linked to the places where the factories were built. If, on the one hand, tuna fishing has recorded the transformations of land management and the evolution of socio-economic contexts and legal-administrative frameworks in the various historical periods, on the other, it has traced a continuous line of evolution of the civilization of the sea in a symbiotic relationship between man and nature. Moreover, the fact that this type of fishing was carried out between the coast and the sea has meant that many of the traces produced by men are still legible on the seabed in close symbiosis with the processing facilities on land. These aspects have suggested a new approach to the study of the signs, tools and contexts related to the mattanza, strongly interdisciplinary and supported by an active use of digital technologies for the production and management of information. The study currently underway along the coasts of south-eastern Sicily, born from the collaboration between the Federico II University, Stanford University, Brock University and the Soprintendenza del Mare della Regione Sicilia, intends to develop a research methodology focused on the analysis of spaces, both architectural and natural, in relation to the processes of use that have occurred over time
HATTUŠA PROJECT. 3D DIGITIZATION PROCEDURES
No full textThe papers collected in this book originate from the conference “Anatolia Between the 13th and the 12th Century BCE”, which was held in Torino in January 2019. The aim of both the conference and the present volume is to examine current interpretations of the textual and archaeological sources concerning the last decades of life of the Hittite kingdom, its fall, and the emergence of new political entities in Anatolia in the course of the 12th century BCE
Cuma. Declinazioni del digitale
No full textIl sito archeologico di Cuma, fondato nella seconda metà dell'VIII secolo a.C., è una delle più importanti e antiche colonie greche del Mediterraneo occidentale. Divisa nella città alta e bassa, comprende una varietà di elementi come le mura greche della fine del V secolo a.C., i resti del Tempio di Apollo, il Tempio di Giove, la Cripta Romana, le terme e il Foro. Il sito archeologico è anche noto per l’Antro della Sibilla, uno degli oracoli più consultati del mondo antico. Le attività di digitalizzazione condotte su ampie aree del sito sono state definite in rapporto ai diversi obiettivi della ricerca, consistenti in: studio geometrico-formale delle strutture architettoniche della città con particolare riferimento ai contesti dell’Antro della Sibilla e della Cripta Romana; rilievo degli stati fessurativi delle cavità, mappatura e analisi geomeccanica del duomo di lava del versante ovest del sito; sviluppo di un progetto di allestimento per la comunicazione dei risultati delle ricerche archeologiche ivi condotte negli ultimi anni. La ricerca ha quindi richiesto una dettagliata pianificazione delle attività di rilievo sul campo e di elaborazione dei dati, fortemente connesse all’approccio interdisciplinare dato al progetto e alla complessità degli obiettivi preposti. I modelli prodotti sono stati gestiti all’interno di un unico spazio digitale georeferenziato, a cui è stata associata una piattaforma GIS per la catalogazione e condivisione dei dati.
The Cumae Archaeological site, founded in the second half of the 8th century B.C., is one of the most important ancient, western Mediterranean, Greek colonies. Divided into an upper and a lower city, it includes a variety of elements like the Greek walls of the late fifth century B.C., the remains of the Temple of Apollo, the Temple of Jupiter, the Cripta Romana, the thermal baths and the Forum. The archaeological site is also known for the Cave of the Sibyl, one of the most consulted oracles of the ancient world. The digitization activities carried out on large areas of the site were defined in relation to the various research objectives, consisting of: geometric-formal study of the architectural structures of the city with particular reference to the contexts of the Cave of the Sibyl and the Cripta Romana; survey of the cracks in the cavities, mapping and geo-mechanical analysis of the lava dome on the west side of the site; development of a project for the communication of the results of archaeological research conducted there in recent years. The research has therefore required a detailed planning of field survey and data processing activities, strongly related to the interdisciplinary approach given to the project and to the complexity of the objectives set. The produced models were managed within a single georeferenced digital space, to which a GIS platform was associated for cataloging and sharing data
Archeologia, restauro e processi digitali. Ricerca e formazione. Il cantiere Marzamemi 2
No full textUsing the artistic expression as an experimental research: The Parabita Venuses case study
No full textThe main aim of this research is the study of the procedures that led to the
creation of two bone figurines found in Parabita Cave (Lecce, Puglia) at
the site of "Cave of Venuses" known as "Venere Grande" and "Venere
Piccola". Following an experimental protocol the reproduction of a series
of trials was carried out on the bases of hypotheses reached through a
microscopic analysis of the archaeological samples in the M.A.R.T.A.
Museum in Taranto. The aim of these trials was to recreate some
technological traces on bone objects with lithics that were similar to those
found in Parabita Cave, whit a particular attention to gesture and posture
related to the production of these traces. The comparison of the
experimental traces with the archaeological traces allowed to obtain a
"gestural matrix". Furthermore, in order to achieve a tridimensional view
of the two archaeological figurines a 3D photogrammetry technique was
applied. The 3D view allows the proper interpretation of technological
traces in areas where the surface of the archaeological figurines is very
curved. The result has been a schematic description of the actions involved
in the making of the two bone Figurines
Geomorphic analysis of digital elevation model generated from vintage aerial photographs: A glance at the pre-urbanization morphology of the active Campi Flegrei caldera
No full textAccurate digital elevation models represent the basic tool for a large spectrum of applications, including geological, architectonic, archaeological, and urbanistic studies. However, aggressive urbanization may significantly alter the morphology of areas of interest. Such is the case of the active Campi Flegrei caldera in southern Italy, where all the buildings, facilities, infrastructures, quarries, and landfills altered the original volcanic morphology. To avoid these limitations, we analyzed a set of vintage aerial photographs acquired in 1943 by Italy's Military Geographic Institute (IGM). We reconstructed the study area's topography before the deep anthropic modification from the 1960s onwards by applying Structure-from-Motion photogrammetric processing. On the reconstructed orthomosaic and a historical-Digital Surface Model (hDMS), we conducted geomorphic analyses along 18 longitudinal stream profiles outside, across the border, and inside the caldera, underlining that the rectilinear sections with preferred orientations and increased incision values suggest a strong structural underpinning on valley incision and stream paths. The analysis of the spatial distribution of sinuosity, SL index, Chi (χ) value and knickpoint maps suggests the presence of tectonic lineaments that influence the stream network from the pre-caldera (>40 ka) to recent times, producing articulated caldera and craters geometry as well as affecting the localization of volcanic vents. The comparison between the 1943 hDSM and 2013 LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) DSM allowed us to spotlight the areas that show the most significant differences due to anthropic intervention that obliterated critical features, thus supporting our motivation to use this base. Overall, the results indicate that long-lived volcano-tectonic and tectonic structures control the orientation of drainage patterns and their re-arrangements during volcano-tectonic deformation phases. Finally, a comprehensive structural map, based on the merged 1943 hDSM and the bathymetric DEM, is presented together with a conceptual evolutionary model of the stream network across the caldera border. Under the proper acquisition conditions, vintage aerial photographs can provide a useful tool for morphological analysis and can be applied to several topics in the geosciences
Cumae Archeological Site—Processes and Technologies for the Analysis and Monitoring of Anthropogenic Cavities
Full text linkThis study applies surveying and representation techniques to analyze the cavities of the Cumae site, an archeological park located in the Phlegraean Fields in the Campania region, providing a documentary basis for monitoring, maintenance, and enhancement efforts. The process core is the comparative management of the numerical models produced employing technologies such as laser scanning, photogrammetry, and structured light scanning, supported by a georeferenced topographical network. The 3D models produced are used for the extraction of ortho-planes and bidimensional drawings of the various cavities from which to initiate the procedures for redesigning and analyzing the entire artifact. Specific research carried out on the Antro della Sibilla enabled a detailed 3D description of the tuff-carved surfaces, helping the interpretation of the manufacture in the optic of consolidation and musealization interventions. The interdisciplinary approach employed, in which historical–archeological, geological–structural, and diagnostic sciences contributed correlatedly, ensures a comprehensive program of data representation
Evaluation of historical heritage documentation: reality based survey and derivative models
No full textThree-dimensional acquisition systems for architecture have significantly evolved over just a few decades, with them allowing point clouds to be generated through active and passive optical sensor equipment. Accuracy levels vary considerably in relation to both the equipment and techniques used, with the data obtained acting as a scaffolding for the creation of derived models that allow specific analyses to be carried out. Ongoing research on Palazzo Donn’Anna, a Neapolitan sixteenth-century building of particular historical and artistic value, is being carried out in this context and the first results are presented in this paper. The entire building has been the subject of an instrumental survey. The north-east façade was proposed as a case-study for the experimentation of diversified reality-based sensors so as to compare the accuracy and precision of the data. The comparison was also aimed at evaluating the performance of some processing softwares. Finally, in order to obtain an estimate of the data in the transcription from the point cloud to a derived 3D model, the reproduction of the same portion of the prospectus in a derivative model of both object-oriented and NURBS types was experimented
Coastal cultural landscapes of the tonnare of southeast Sicily: analysis and visualization of data
Full text linkThe study currently underway along the coasts of south-eastern Sicily, born from the collaboration between the Federico II University, Stanford University, Brock University and the Soprintendenza del Mare della Regione Siciliana, reflects the primary stages of a research methodology focused on the analysis of spaces, both architectural and natural, in relation to the processes of use that have occurred over time. Activities have included an initial phase of 3D digitization using laser scanning, drone Lidar, and terrestrial and underwater photogrammetry of the tonnare of Capo Passero, Marzamemi and Vendicari, as well as the areas of Punta delle Formiche and Morghella in the municipality of Portopalo di Capo Passero. The data were processed to support subsequent geospatial analysis. The georeferenced models can provide an accurate representation of built heritage, settlement traces along the coastline, submerged archaeological features, and geomorphological characteristics of the area, which reflect the dynamics of landscape use and the continuous transformation of these spaces as a result of natural and anthropogenic actions. This integrated work supports new forms of communication of scientific data, both through temporary “pop-up” exhibitions, and through a planned immersive installation project in the Magazzini and in the Tonnara Tower of Vendicari, and through the study of complex spatial interrelations of the integrated data using ArcGIS Modelbuilder
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