50 research outputs found
Potentially toxic planktic and benthic Cyanobacteria in Slovenian freshwater bodies: detection by quantitative PCR
No full textDue to increased frequency of cyanobacterial blooms and emerging evidence of cyanotoxicity in biofilm, reliable methods for early cyanotoxin threat detection are of major importance for protection of human, animal and environmental health. To complement the current methods of risk assessment, this study aimed to evaluate selected qPCR assays for detection of potentially toxic cyanobacteria in environmental samples. In the course of one year, 25 plankton and 23 biofilm samples were collected from 15 water bodies in Slovenia. Three different analyses were performed and compared to each other; qPCR targeting mcyE, cyrJ and sxtA genes involved in cyanotoxin production, LC-MS/MS quantifying microcystin, cylindrospermopsin and saxitoxin concentration, and microscopic analyses identifying potentially toxic cyanobacterial taxa. qPCR analyses detected potentially toxic Microcystis in 10 lake plankton samples, and potentially toxic Planktothrix cells in 12 lake plankton and one lake biofilm sample. A positive correlation was observed between numbers of mcyE gene copies and microcystin concentrations. Potential cylindrospermopsin- and saxitoxin-producers were detected in three and seven lake biofilm samples, respectively. The study demonstrated a potential for cyanotoxin production that was left undetected by traditional methods in both plankton and biofilm samples. Thus, the qPCR method could be useful in regular monitoring of water bodies to improve risk assessment and enable timely measures
A European multi lake survey dataset of environmental variables, phytoplankton pigments and cyanotoxins
No full textUnder ongoing climate change and increasing anthropogenic activity, which continuously challenge ecosystem resilience, an in-depth understanding of ecological processes is urgently needed. Lakes, as providers of numerous ecosystem services, face multiple stressors that threaten their functioning. Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are a persistent problem resulting from nutrient pollution and climate-change induced stressors, like poor transparency, increased water temperature and enhanced stratification. Consistency in data collection and analysis methods is necessary to achieve fully comparable datasets and for statistical validity, avoiding issues linked to disparate data sources. The European Multi Lake Survey (EMLS) in summer 2015 was an initiative among scientists from 27 countries to collect and analyse lake physical, chemical and biological variables in a fully standardized manner. This database includes in-situ lake variables along with nutrient, pigment and cyanotoxin data of 369 lakes in Europe, which were centrally analysed in dedicated laboratories. Publishing the EMLS methods and dataset might inspire similar initiatives to study across large geographic areas that will contribute to better understanding lake responses in a changing environment
Weather conditions and chlorophyll concentrations determine long-term macrophyte community dynamics of Lake Bohinj (Slovenia)
No full textTipologija jezer v Sloveniji
No full textA typology of natural lakes in Slovenia with the surface area of >50 ha was prepared according to the Water Framework Directive. Lake Bled and Lake Bohinj were taken into consideration only. Both systems proposed by the Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC) for the preparation of the lake typology were tested. Using the system A, the satisfactory differentiation for the description of biological reference conditions could not be established. The system B was chosen based on the obligatory descriptors that include altitude, latitude, longitude, depth, geology and size. An additional descriptor, which concerns bioregional affiliation, was also chosen (sensu Urbanič, 2006a), which includes two obligatory descriptors, altitude and geology. These two descriptors are not specifically mentioned in the description of lake types.V skladu z Vodno direktivo smo pripravili tipologijo naravnih jezer v Sloveniji s površino >50 ha. Takšni sta Blejsko in Bohinjsko jezero. Preverili smo oba predlagana sistema za pripravo tipologije po Vodni direktivi (Direktiva 2000/60/ES) in ugotovili, da po sistemu A ne dosežemo dovolj dobre diferenciacije za opis bioloških referenčnih razmer. Izbrali smo sistem B in obveznim deskriptorjem – geografskemu položaju oz. ekoregijam, velikosti površine jezera, povprečni globini jezera, geološki podlagi in nadmorski višini – dodali še izbirni deskriptor. Deskriptor, ki smo ga izbrali, je pripadnost bioregiji (sensu Urbanič 2006a), ki vključuje tudi dva obvezna deskriptorja – geološko podlago in nadmorsko višino, zato ju posebej pri opisu tipov nismo navajali
Typology of lakes in Slovenia
No full textA typology of natural lakes in Slovenia with the surface area of >50 ha was prepared according to the Water Framework Directive. Lake Bled and Lake Bohinj were taken into consideration only. Both systems proposed by the Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC) for the preparation of the lake typology were tested. Using the system A, the satisfactory differentiation for the description of biological reference conditions could not be established. The system B was chosen based on the obligatory descriptors that include altitude, latitude, longitude, depth, geology and size. An additional descriptor, which concerns bioregional affiliation, was also chosen (sensu Urbanič, 2006a), which includes two obligatory descriptors, altitude and geology. These two descriptors are not specifically mentioned in the description of lake types
Stanje treh visokogorskih jezer v TNP v letu 2019
No full textStanje nekaterih visokogorskih jezer v Triglavskem narodnem parku (TNP) se je v zadnjih treh desetletjih močno poslabšala. Glavna vzroka sta množičen turizem in naselitev rib. Planinske koče se nahajajo v neposrednem zaledju štirih jezer: Dupeljsko jezero, Srednje kriško jezero, Dvojno jezero in Jezero na Planini pri jezeru. Ribe so naseljene v Krnskem jezeru, Dupeljskem jezeru, Dvojnem jezeru, Jezeru na Planini pri jezeru ter Črnem jezeru. Najbolj sta izpostavljeni Dvojno jezero in Jezero na Planini pri jezeru, kjer se pojavlja tudi množica nitastih zelenih alg, ki konec poletja kvarijo estetski izgled jezer, ob razpadanju povzročajo smrad in močno vplivajo na jezerski ekosistem
Typology of lakes in Slovenia
No full textA typology of natural lakes in Slovenia with the surFace area of >50 ha was prepared according to the Water Framework Directive. lake Bled and Lake Bohinjwere taken into consideration only. Both systems proposed by the Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC) far the preparation of the lake typology were tested. Using the system A, the satisfactory differentiation forthe description of biological reference conditions could not be established. The system B was chosen based on the obligatory descriptors that include altitude, latitude, longitude, depth, geology and size. An additional descriptor, which concerns bioregional affiliation, was also chosen (sensu Urbanič, 2006a), which includes two obligatory descriptors, altitude and geology. These two descriptors are not specifically mentioned in the description of lake types.V skladu z Vodno direktivo smo pripravili tipologijo naravnih jezer v Sloveniji s površino >50 ha. Takšni sta Blejsko in Bohinjsko jezero. Preverili smo oba predlagana sistema za pripravo tipologije po Vodni direktivi (Direktiva 2000/60/ES) in ugotovili, da po sistemu A ne dosežemo dovolj dobre diferenciacije za opis bioloških referenčnih razmer. Izbrali smo sistem B in obveznim deskriptorjem - geografskemu položaju oz. ekoregijam, velikosti površine jezera, povprečni globini jezera, geološki podlagi in nadmorski višini - dodali še izbirni deskriptor. Deskriptor, ki smo ga izbrali, je pripadnost bioregiji (sensu Urbanič 2006a), ki vključuje tudi dva obvezna deskriptorja - geološko podlago in nadmorsko višino, zato ju posebej pri opisu tipov nismo navajali
Stratification strength and light climate explain variation in chlorophyll a at the continental scale in a European multilake survey in a heatwave summer
No full textTo determine the drivers of phytoplankton biomass, we collected standardized morphometric, physical, and biological data in 230 lakes across the Mediterranean, Continental, and Boreal climatic zones of the European continent. Multilinear regression models tested on this snapshot of mostly eutrophic lakes (median total phosphorus [TP] = 0.06 and total nitrogen [TN] = 0.7 mg L−1), and its subsets (2 depth types and 3 climatic zones), show that light climate and stratification strength were the most significant explanatory variables for chlorophyll a (Chl a) variance. TN was a significant predictor for phytoplankton biomass for shallow and continental lakes, while TP never appeared as an explanatory variable, suggesting that under high TP, light, which partially controls stratification strength, becomes limiting for phytoplankton development. Mediterranean lakes were the warmest yet most weakly stratified and had significantly less Chl a than Boreal lakes, where the temperature anomaly from the long-term average, during a summer heatwave was the highest (+4°C) and showed a significant, exponential relationship with stratification strength. This European survey represents a summer snapshot of phytoplankton biomass and its drivers, and lends support that light and stratification metrics, which are both affected by climate change, are better predictors for phytoplankton biomass in nutrient-rich lakes than nutrient concentrations and surface temperature.Additional co-authors: Jolanda Verspagen, Maria van Herk, Maria G. Antoniou, Nikoletta Tsiarta, Valerie McCarthy, Victor C. Perello, Danielle Machado-Vieira, Alinne Gurjao de Oliveira, Dubravka Špoljaric Maronic, Filip Stevic, Tanja Žuna Pfeiffer, Itana Bokan Vucelic, Petar Žutinic, Marija Gligora Udovic, Anđelka Plenkovic-Moraj, Ludek Blaha, Rodan Geriš, Markéta Frankova, Kirsten Seestern Christoffersen, Trine Perlt Warming, Tõnu Feldmann, Alo Laas, Kristel Panksep, Lea Tuvikene, Kersti Kangro, Judita Koreiviene, Jurate Karosiene, Jurate Kasperoviciene, Ksenija Savadova-Ratkus, Irma Vitonyte, Kerstin Häggqvist, Pauliina Salmi, Lauri Arvola, Karl Rothhaupt, Christos Avagianos, Triantafyllos Kaloudis, Spyros Gkelis, Manthos Panou, Theodoros Triantis, Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou, Anastasia Hiskia, Ulrike Obertegger, Adriano Boscaini, Giovanna Flaim, Nico Salmaso, Leonardo Cerasino, Sigrid Haande, Birger Skjelbred, Magdalena Grabowska, Maciej Karpowicz, Damian Chmura, Lidia Nawrocka, Justyna Kobos, Hanna Mazur-Marzec, Pablo Alcaraz-Parraga, Elżbieta Wilk-Wozniak, Wojciech Krzton, Edward Walusiak, Ilona Gagala-Borowska, Joana Mankiewicz-Boczek, Magdalena Toporowska, Barbara Pawlik-Skowronska, Michał Niedzwiecki, Wojciech Pęczuła, Agnieszka Napiorkowska-Krzebietke, Julita Dunalska, Justyna Sienska, Daniel Szymanski, Marek Kruk, Agnieszka Budzynska, Ryszard Goldyn, Anna Kozak, Joanna Rosinska, Elżbieta Szeląg-Wasielewska, Piotr Domek, Natalia Jakubowska-Krepska, Kinga Kwasizur, Beata Messyasz, Aleksandra Pełechata, Mariusz Pełechaty, Mikolaj Kokocinski, Beata Madrecka-Witkowska, Iwona Kostrzewska-Szlakowska, Magdalena Frąk, Agnieszka Bankowska-Sobczak, Michał Wasilewicz, Agnieszka Ochocka, Agnieszka Pasztaleniec, Iwona Jasser, Ana M. Antao-Geraldes, Manel Leira, Vitor Vasconcelos, Joao Morais, Micaela Vale, Pedro M. Raposeiro, Vítor Gonçalves, Boris Aleksovski, Svetislav Krstic, Hana Nemova, Iveta Drastichova, Lucia Chomova, Spela Remec-Rekar, Tina Elersek, Lars-Anders Hansson, Pablo Urrutia-Cordero, Andrea G. Bravo, Moritz Buck, William Colom-Montero, Kristiina Mustonen, Don Pierson, Yang Yang, Christine Edwards, Hannah Cromie, Jordi Delgado-Martín, David García, Jose Luís Cereijo, Joan Gomà, Mari Carmen Trapote, Teresa Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Biel Obrador, Ana García-Murcia, Monserrat Real, Elvira Romans, Jordi Noguero-Ribes, David Parreño Duque, Elísabeth Fernandez-Moran, Barbara Úbeda, José Angel Galvez, Núria Catalan, Carmen Pérez-Martínez, Eloísa Ramos-Rodríguez, Carmen Cillero-Castro, Enrique Moreno-Ostos, José María Blanco, Valeriano Rodríguez, Jorge Juan Montes-Pérez, Roberto L. Palomino, Estela Rodríguez-Pérez, Armand Hernandez, Rafael Carballeira, Antonio Camacho, Antonio Picazo, Carlos Rochera, Anna C. Santamans, Carmen Ferriol, Susana Romo, Juan Miguel Soria, Arda Özen, Tünay Karan, Nilsun Demir, Meryem Beklioglu, Nur Filiz, Eti Levi, Ugur Iskin, Gizem Bezirci, Ülkü Nihan Tavsanoglu, Kemal Çelik, Koray Ozhan, Nusret Karakaya, Mehmet Ali Turan Koçer, Mete Yilmaz, Faruk Maras¸lıoglu, Özden Fakioglu, Elif Neyran Soylu, Meral Apaydın Yagcı, Sakir Çınar, Kadir Çapkın, Abdulkadir Yagcı, Mehmet Cesur, Fuat Bilgin, Cafer Bulut, Rahmi Uysal, Köker Latife, Reyhan Akçaalan, Meriç Albay, Mehmet Tahir Alp, Korhan Özkan, Tugba Ongun Sevindik, Hatice Tunca, Burçin Önem, Hans Paerl, Cayelan C. Carey, Bastiaan W. Ibeling
Sociality of Mental Distress in the Light of Erich Fromm\u27s Theory
No full textMagistrsko delo je posvečeno raziskovanju in analizi umeščenosti duševnih stisk v specifičnih pogojih sodobne zahodne družbe. V prvem delu se avtor posveti pomembnosti vprašanja za socialno pedagogiko, in sicer ga utemeljuje z vidika njene tesne prepletenosti z antipsihiatričnim gibanjem. Čeprav je od gibanja minilo nekaj desetletij, tema za disciplino ostaja aktualna. Na to kažejo prevladujoči trendi obravnave duševnih stisk, ki jih v veliki meri zaznamujeta intenzivna privatizacija in medikalizacija. Nadalje so pandemija covid-19 in posledice, ki sta jih na duševnem zdravju pustili ustavitev javnega življenja in samoizolacija, uporabljene kot primer pomanjkljivosti prevladujočega biomedicinskega modela duševnega zdravja in njegove nezmožnosti ustreznega odzivanja v kriznih situacijah. Pri obravnavi problema se avtor v veliki meri nasloni na eksistencialno humanistično teorijo Ericha Fromma, zato se v besedilu posveti umestitvi njegovega dela v frankfurtsko šolo ter psihoanalitično in marksistično teorijo. Magistrsko delo se nadaljuje z aktualizacijo Frommovih osrednjih konceptov in kritičnim premislekom nekaterih predpostavk, ki to formulacijo omogočajo. Na tem mestu avtor odprte vrata dvomu v absolutnost Frommove teorije in daje glas nekaterim njegovim kritikom. Srž polemike so predvsem Frommova interpretacija Marxa in Freuda, kakor tudi njegov normativni humanizem, ki predpostavlja esencialnost človeške narave. V zavedanju, da ima Frommova teorija svoje meje, avtor zagovarja tezo, da njegova koncepcija človekovih potreb dobro prestaja zob časa in je danes ravno tako relevantna, kot je bila v času njegovega delovanja. V nadaljevanju je obravnavano Frommovo razumevanje »človekove bivanjske pogojenosti«, ki jo ponazarja s svojo interpretacijo biblične zgodbe o izgonu iz raja. Izhajajoč iz tega so opisane in na novo premišljene osrednje človekove nefiziološke potrebe in nujnost njihove zadovoljitve za duševno zdravje. V zadnjem delu avtor na podlagi izbranih sodobnih družbenih diagnoz pokaže, da nekaterih potreb v trenutni družbeni realnosti ne moremo zadovoljiti na način, ki bi vodil do duševnega zdravja.The Master\u27s thesis analyses and explores the context of mental distress in the specific conditions of contemporary western society. In the first part of the thesis, the author focuses on the importance of the topic for social pedagogy, which he argues for mostly in the light of social pedagogy\u27s intertwines with the anti-psychiatric movement, as well as in reference to some modern trends of treatment of mental distress, which are predominantly defined by intense privatization and medicalization. The COVID-19 pandemic and the effects the restricted public life has had on public mental health are used to demonstrate the inadequacy of the predominant bio-medical concept of mental health. Since the problem is for the most part addressed within the frames of Erich Fromm’s existential humanistic theory, the author begins with contextualizing his work in the Frankfurt school, between the psychoanalytic and Marxist theory. Before delving further into some of Fromm’s crucial ideas, his core presuppositions which enable formulation of his concepts are addressed and analyzed. There, the author makes space for the questioning of Fromm’s theory and looks more precisely into arguments of some of his critics. The controversy here is centred around Fromm’s interpretation of Freud and Marx, as well as his presuppositions concerning essentiality of human nature. Aware of the theoretical limits of Fromm’s theory, the author argues that his conceptualization of human needs has stood the test of time and remains as relevant today as it was at the time of his writing. In what follows, Fromm’s understanding of “man’s existential condition” is adressed, which he illustrates with his interpretation of the biblical story of exodus from Eden. Further on, the central non-physiological needs of human beings are described and rethought in the context of the necessity of their satisfaction for mental health. In the final section, it is argued, based on selected contemporary social diagnoses, that the current social reality does not enable the satisfaction of most of these needs in a manner conducive to mental health
