1,327 research outputs found
Viral Infections
No full textThis article is made available for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.Despite major advances in basic and applied research and the availability of several vaccines, viral diseases still account for a large proportion of the human infectious disease burden. Many viruses cause self-limiting and relatively mild infections, but several, including human immunodeficiency virus and influenza virus, are responsible for millions of deaths every year throughout the world. Several factors contribute to the enormous impact that viruses have on human health. For example, there are very few therapeutic options available for the treatment of viral infections, and many of those that are available possess a limited spectrum of activity or are designed for the treatment of diseases caused by specific viruses (e.g., oseltamivir is intended for the treatment of influenza only). In addition, the rapid evolution of viruses has led to the emergence of drug-resistant strains against which no currently available therapeutics are effective. Coupled with these and other issues are the appearance of never before seen viruses and the emergence of known but previously underappreciated viruses. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, numerous “new” viruses, including the coronaviruses responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), the 2009 pandemic influenza A virus, and Lujo hemorrhagic fever virus, have made their debut and have proved to be formidable threats to human health. Recently, the appearance of Ebola virus (Zaire ebolavirus) in West Africa, a region that has not previously seen an outbreak of this virus, was marked by an epidemic that afflicted nearly 30,000 individuals and killed more than 11,000 of those who were infected. Most recently, the far-reaching and rapid spread of Zika virus, a mosquito-borne virus that was discovered in the 1940s in Uganda, in the Western Hemisphere has invoked considerable public and scientific attention and has given rise to perhaps the largest concerted effort by scientists to rapidly develop a vaccine to halt the transmission of a virus. Each of these points underscores the importance of further research into improved surveillance, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of viral diseases
Corrigendum: Expression analysis of candidate genes regulating successional tooth formation in the human embryo
No full textA corrigendum on
Expression analysis of candidate genes regulating successional tooth formation in the human embryo
by Olley, R., Xavier, G. M., Seppala, M., Volponi, A. A., Geoghegan, F., Sharpe, P. T., et al. (2014). Front. Physiol. 5:445. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00445
The author Ryan Olley should appear as Olley RC on the published article “Expression analysis of candidate genes regulating successional tooth formation in the human embryo.”
The original article was updated
Quasi-cyclic Generalized LDPC codes with low error floors
No full textIn this paper, a novel methodology for designing structured generalized LDPC (G-LDPC) codes is presented. The proposed design results in quasi-cyclic G-LDPC codes for which efficient encoding is feasible through shift-register-based circuits. The structure imposed on the bipartite graphs, together with the choice of simple component codes, leads to a class of codes suitable for fast iterative decoding. A pragmatic approach to the construction of G-LDPC codes is proposed. The approach is based on the substitution of check nodes in the protograph of a low-density parity-check code with stronger nodes based, for instance, on Hamming codes. Such a design approach, which we call LDPC code doping, leads to low-rate quasi-cyclic G-LDPC codes with excellent performance in both the error floor and waterfall regions on the additive white Gaussian noise channel
Investigation of peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization for diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens
No full textIndiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI
Oregon statewide status and trends report
No full textReport -- Appendix A. Black Rock Desert-Humboldt -- Appendix B. Columbia River -- Appendix C. Deschutes -- Appendix D. Goose Lake -- Appendix E. Grande Ronde -- Appendix F. John Day -- Appendix G. Klamath -- Appendix H. Malheur -- Appendix I. Mid Coast -- Appendix J. Middle-Columbia-Hood -- Appendix K. North Coast-Lower Columbia -- Appendix L. Oregon Closed Basins -- Appendix M. Owyhee -- Appendix N. Powder-Burnt -- Appendix O. Rogue -- Appendix P. Sandy -- Appendix Q. Snake River -- Appendix R. South Coast -- Appendix S. Umatilla-Walla Walla-Willow -- Appendix T. Umpqua -- Appendix U. Willamette.prepared by: Colin Donald and Ryan Michie.Title from PDF cover (viewed on November 4, 2022).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Oregon statewide status and trends report
No full textChapter 1-3. Introduction and Methods -- Chapter 4-5. Results and Citations -- Appendix A. Black Rock Desert-Humboldt -- Appendix B. Columbia River -- Appendix C. Deschutes -- Appendix D. Goose Lake -- Appendix E. Grande Ronde -- Appendix F. John Day -- Appendix G. Klamath -- Appendix H. Malheur -- Appendix I. Mid Coast -- Appendix J. Middle-Columbia-Hood -- Appendix K. North Coast-Lower Columbia -- Appendix L. Oregon Closed Basins -- Appendix M. Owyhee -- Appendix N. Powder-Burnt -- Appendix O. Rogue -- Appendix P. Sandy -- Appendix Q. Snake River -- Appendix R. South Coast -- Appendix S. Umatilla-Walla Walla-Willow -- Appendix T. Umpqua -- Appendix U. Willamette.prepared by: Colin Donald, Yuan Grund, and Ryan Michie.Title from PDF cover (viewed on October 27, 2020).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Author Correction: Strong correlations and orbital texture in single-layer 1T-TaSe2
No full textIn the version of this Article previously published, co-author Ryan L. Lee was missing the middle initial. This has now been corrected in the online versions
Oregon statewide status and trends report
No full textReport -- Appendix A. Black Rock Desert-Humboldt -- Appendix B. Columbia River -- Appendix C. Deschutes -- Appendix D. Goose Lake -- Appendix E. Grande Ronde -- Appendix F. John Day -- Appendix G. Klamath -- Appendix H. Malheur -- Appendix I. Mid Coast -- Appendix J. Middle-Columbia-Hood -- Appendix K. North Coast-Lower Columbia -- Appendix L. Oregon Closed Basins -- Appendix M. Black Owyhee -- Appendix N. Powder-Burnt -- Appendix O. Rogue -- Appendix P. Sandy -- Appendix Q. Snake River -- Appendix R. South Coast -- Appendix S. Umatilla-Walla Walla-Willow -- Appendix T. Umpqua -- Appendix U. Willamette.prepared by: Colin Donald, Ryan Michie, and Yuan Grund.Title from PDF cover (viewed on March 20, 2020).This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Zoonotic potential of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. and prevalence of intestinal parasites in young dogs from different populations on Prince Edward Island, Canada
No full textThe prevalence of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp. and other intestinal parasites was determined in dogs <1 year old from Prince Edward Island, Canada. Fecal samples were collected from the local animal shelter (n=62), private veterinary clinics (n=78) and a pet store (n=69). Intestinal parasites isolated included G. duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., Toxocara canis, Isospora spp. and Uncinaria stenocephala. To estimate the zoonotic risk associated with these infections, genotypes of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. were determined using 16S rRNA and Hsp70 gene sequencing, respectively. Dogs from the pet store had the highest prevalence of intestinal parasites (78%, 95% CI: 68-88%), followed by the private veterinary clinics (49%, 95% CI: 37-60%), and the local animal shelter (34%, 95% CI: 22-46%). The majority G. duodenalis belonged to host-adapted assemblages D (47%, 95% CI: 31-64%) and C (26%, 95% CI: 13-43%), respectively. Zoonotic assemblages A and B were isolated alone or in mixed infections from 16% (95% CI: 6-31%) of G. duodenalis-positive dogs. All Cryptosporidium spp. were the host-adapted C. canis. While host-adapted, non-zoonotic G. duodenalis genotypes were more common, the presence of G. duodenalis assemblages A and B, T. canis, and U. stenocephala suggests that these dogs may present a zoonotic risk. The zoonotic risk from Cryptosporidium-infected dogs was minimal.Fabienne D. Uehlinger, Spencer J. Greenwood, J. Trenton McClure, Gary Conboy, Ryan O’Handley, Herman W. Barkem
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