162,277 research outputs found
Systematics and spicule evolution in dictyonal sponges (Hexactinellida: Sceptrulophora) with description of two new species
No full textDohrmann, Martin, Göcke, Christian, Janussen, Dorte, Reitner, Joachim, Lüter, Carsten, Wörheide, Gert (2011): Systematics and spicule evolution in dictyonal sponges (Hexactinellida: Sceptrulophora) with description of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (4): 1003-1025, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00753.x, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00753.
Indigenous demosponge spicules in a Late Devonian stromatoporoid basal skeleton from the Frasnian of Belgium
No full textpeer reviewe
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Ospreyella depressa LÜTER & WÖRHEIDE & REITNER 2003, sp. n.
No full text<i>Ospreyella depressa</i> sp. n. <p>(figures 2, 3)</p> <p>HOLOTYPE. One mature female with one pair of median tentacles and an empty brood pouch, collected at station 2, 14 December 1999, fixed in glutaraldehyde, preserved in alcohol, dorsal and ventral valve separated (figure 2A, B). Accession number: QM G318534, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Australia.</p> <p>PARATYPES. Six females, 11 males, two adults (sex unknown), one juvenile. All collected 14 December 1999. For details see table 1.</p> <p> <i>Etymology.</i> Species name derived from Latin ‘ <i>deprimere</i> ’, meaning ‘to press down’ or ‘to sink’ in accordance with the deep median depression in the dorsal valve.</p> <p> <i>Diagnosis.</i> Same as for the genus. Dorsal valve with median depression. Median ramus concave, basally connected to the dorsal part of the interbrachial ridge, whilst ascending it bends back towards the posterior bridge, forming small jugum at its end (figure 2J). Ramuli very short, slightly reticulated, directly attached to left and right parts of median ramus, together with basal part of median ramus the short ramuli build the basis of the central part of lophophore-supporting apparatus (figure 2D). Two major interbrachial lobes with strongly serrated and denticulated edges (figure 3). Two minor interbrachial lobes with branches (figures 2C, 3). Branches surrounded by thin calcified walls; walls without connection to the median part of the dorsal valve’s floor, wall’s edges with irregular tubercles and protuberances (figure 3B) becoming more conspicious with maturity of the animal.</p> <p> <i>Description.</i> Shell calcified, medium-sized (size measurements in table 2), biconvex, clearly uniplicate, endopunctate, slightly ‘heart-shaped’ in dorsal view, with straight hinge line; ventral valve larger, cup-shaped, posterior part (umbonal area) of ventral valve attached to substratum, with flat interarea and raised, triangular pseudodeltidium, interarea and pseudodeltidium short (<i>ca.</i> one-quarter to onethird of total shell length), slightly curved, variable in orientation; dorsal valve lid-like, oval with straight posterior margin, wider than long, smaller than ventral valve, with irregular growth lines.</p> <p>Floor of ventral valve irregular, slightly papillose, with prominent papillae near edge, posteriorly with two oval gonad pits on either side; large teeth, bilobed hemispondylium with prominent upraised median myophragm (figure 2G), lobes and myophragm connected by calcified horizontal septum, horizontal septum sometimes with frontal sinus-like indentation on either side of the myophragm; lobes of hemispondylium slightly raised and pointed; ventral valve without median septum.</p> <p> Dorsal valve with dental sockets, and slightly trilobed cardinal process with bulbous central ridge (figure 2C, J). Outer rim of dorsal valve strongly papillose with papillae fading out towards median depression (figure 2C, D); prominent posterior bridge with (female) or without (male) marsupial notch (sexual dimorphism) (figure 2 H–J). Two outer large interbrachial lobes and two inner minor interbrachial lobes, the latter with up to four furcations, orientation of furcating branches always towards median anterior <i>/</i> posterior axis. Number of branches increasing with maturity. Thin calcified walls surrounding interbrachial lobes with irregularly shaped, calcified protuberances and tubercles and serrated edges. Median ramus ascending from dorsal, posterior wall of interbrachial ridge as concave channel, forming small jugum at its end, where it is connected to minor interbrachial lobes; minor interbrachial lobes slightly reticulated where connected to jugum (figure 2).</p> <p>Mantle spiculate, with plate-like spicules covering and protecting gonads in ventral valve. Shallow coelomic cavity in ventral valve, without obvious mantle canals. Mantle ascending towards hinge line, thereby enlarging the body cavity in the umbonal area. Mature females with single median brood pouch, bulb-shaped brood pouch built by invagination of the ventral mantle, brood pouch with one small central opening into mantle cavity. Dark red-coloured coelomocytes distributed in the coelom, more obvious in ventral valve, but also abundant in lophophore coelom. Lophophore ptycholophe, following all furcations of the minor interbrachial lobes, with dense row of contractile tentacles. Mature females with two specialized median tentacles (sexual dimorphism) (figure 2A), supported by marsupial notch (see above) (figure 2H, I). Orientation of specialized tentacles towards brood pouch in mantle of ventral valve, with distal ends extending into pouch. Specialized tentacles slightly thicker than ordinary lophophore tentacles, with pear-shaped gladular tips (sticky when touched during preparation). If present, larvae densely packed in the brood pouch, surrounding distal ends of specialized median tentacles. Adult males without marsupial notch, specialized pair of tentacles or brood pouch (figure 2J).</p> <p>Museum acronyms: BMNH, The Natural History Museum, London; QM, Queensland Museum, Brisbane; ZMB, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin.</p> <p>m, male; f, female; dv, dorsal valve; vv, ventral valve.</p> <p>In early juveniles median ramus, large interbrachial lobes and bridge already present, with minor interbrachial lobes developing later (figure 2E, F).</p>Published as part of <i>LÜTER, CARSTEN, WÖRHEIDE, GERT & REITNER, JOACHIM, 2003, A new thecideid genus and species (Brachiopoda, Recent) from submarine caves of Osprey Reef (Queensland Plateau, Coral Sea, Australia), pp. 1423-1432 in Journal of Natural History 37 (12)</i> on pages 1425-1429, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110120971, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4653262">http://zenodo.org/record/4653262</a>
Architecture of Archaeal-Dominated Microbial Mats from Cold Seeps in the Black Sea (Dnjepr Canyon, Lower Crimean Shelf)
No full textThe Black Sea is an excellent area to study cold methane seeps in various water depths and environments. The upper part of the water column is oxygenated down to a depth of ca. 120 m and is anaerobic below. Abundant small seepage structures within the oxygenated environment are recognizable by dense white mats of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria, within the anaerobic water column forest-like carbonate tower fields (e.g., GHOSTDABS-field), and huge mud volcanoes are common within deeper areas of the Black Sea (Greinert et al., 2006; Michaelis et al., 2002; Reitner et al., 2005a, b). The cold seeps with large methane-related carbonate build-ups in the area of Dnjepr Canyon were discovered in 1989 (Pimenov et al., 1997). For the first time, samples of carbonates were taken in the years 1993–1994 (Peckmann et al., 2001; Thiel et al., 2001). These important observations led to the approval of a big project cooperation of the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF): GHOSTDABS: Gas Hydrates, Occurrence, Stability, Transformation, Dynamic and Biology in the Black Sea within the framework of the “Geotechnologien Programm” of the BMBF and the German Research Council (DFG)
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