21 research outputs found
Simulation of hay-making systems
No full textDeposited with permission of the author. © 1986 Dr. Madan Lal GuptaIn southern Australia, fodder is conserved mainly as hay, and pasture is the common raw material. This hay-making process is complex and, unlike other harvesting operations which are virtually instantaneous, involves a series of sequential operations with three or more different machines. It also involves a number of major and minor management decisions in a highly variable weather regime and with continuously changing crop conditions.
A simulation model has been developed to evaluate alternative hay-making systems and management policies in terms of the digestible dry matter (DDM) yield of hay and of the harvesting time. The main simulation is based on a series of sub-models associated with pasture growth, weather forecasts, management, hay-drying and hay losses. Some of these models are based on the available literature and others have been developed by the author. Field-drying experiments with unconditioned and conditioned pasture were conducted to develop the hay drying model which also includes the effect of dew and rain. A method was developed to make an assessment of three-day weather forecasts for scheduling hay-making operations.
Simulation experiments were carried out by using 16 years of historical weather data from Laverton, Victoria. Management factors such as weather prospects after cutting, maximum cut crop allowed in the swath and maturity at the start of season were found to affect the DDM yield and harvesting time. To achieve a significant increase in DDM yield of hay, either an improvement in the accuracy of weather forecasting is necessary or the drying time in the field must be reduced by applying a treatment such as conditioning of the crop at the time of cutting.
The major limitation of the present simulation model is the lack of data. Research is needed to refine the loss parameters due to environmental factors and mechanical operations on which the DDM yield is based. A number of other promising research areas also are outlined to extend the use of the present model and make improvements to it
A Study on the Effect of Pin Density on Stationary Flats and its Setting on Carding Quality
Get PDFCarding is the most vital process in spinning, which infl uences the sliver quality and the resulting yarn characteristics. The eff ect of carding on single fibre and bundle fibre properties were studied by employing advanced fibre information system (AFIS) and diff erences in properties are reported. For a good quality yarn, the process parameters and setting in the carding are needed to be selected properly. The paper presents the results due to the effect of points per square inch (PPSI) in stationary flats of licker-in side (SFL). The effect of setting between the flats and cylinder was also studied. The sample was prepared using LMW spinning line using LC-333 carding machine. After regulatory changing the PPSI in SFL, the neps in the carded sliver were reduced. The experimentation led to the reductions in the total imperfection in yarn
Camouflage Fabric - Fabric for Today’s Competitive Era
Get PDFInnovation is the foremost requirement of today’s competitive era. Innovation refers to improving on an existing concept or idea using a stepwise process to create a commercially viable product. Food, clothing, and shelter are the basic needs of a human being. Clothing is made from textiles; with the help of textiles, the shelters are made more comfortable and attractive. Traditionally, fabrics are used for apparel and home furnishing purpose, but these days, application is diversifying in order to satisfy technical and protective functions. Camouflage fabrics are the ones most suitable for technical and protective purposes. Over the past few years, researchers have put emphasis on the development of camouflage fabrics for security measures for troops, and for activities intended to hide facts and mislead the enemy. Years of investigations have been invested into innovation in the manufacture of these fabrics which are providing the ultimate performance and reliability. In this review paper, an attempt is made to comprise principle, manufacturing techniques, properties and application. This paper also highlights the modern development and recent trends in the field of camouflage fabric. Camouflage and multispectral universal camouflage are the main areas of recent trends on camouflage fabrics. Camouflage fabrics are mostly used for hunting, survival prepper, tactical and military protective wear
A Study on the Effect of Pin Density on Stationary Flats and its Setting on Carding Quality
No full textComparative assessment of Eli-Twist and Siro yarn made from polyester and its blend with cotton
Get PDF299-305An attempt has been made to compare the properties of Eli-Twist yarn with Siro yarn. Three yarns with three selective compositions using cotton and polyester are produced on both Eli-Twist and Siro spinning systems. Yarns of three counts
(39.4, 29.5 and 23.6 tex) from each composition have been produced maintaining 4.2 TM for all. Unevenness, hairiness, tensile strength, breaking extension, diameter, abrasion resistance and coefficient of friction of yarns are measured and then compared. Eli-Twist yarns are found more uniform with less protruding fibres on the surface. It also produces stronger and more extensible yarn. Higher abrasion resistance and low coefficient of friction may widen the application field of Eli-Twist yarn
Migration characteristics of Eli-Twist yarn and its comparison with Siro yarn
Get PDF444-449An attempt has been made to investigate the migration characteristics in polyester and cotton Eli-Twist yarn. Three different counts (39.4, 29.5 and 23.6 tex) from each composition have been produced maintaining 40 twist factor for each. For comparative study, the 29.5 tex yarn of two compositions from cotton and polyester are produced on Eli-Twist and Siro spinning systems. The mean fibre position for Eli-Twist polyester yarn is found to be less than that of cotton yarn. Both root mean square deviation and mean migration intensity in Eli-Twist yarn are found to be higher, while mean fibre position is lower as compared to Siro yarn
Moisture transport behaviour of Eli-Twist knitted fabric and its comparison with fabric made from yarns spun on different spinning systems
No full text5-12In this study, moisture management properties of knitted fabrics from Eli-Twist polyester and cotton yarns have been investigated. A comparative analysis with knitted fabrics from conventional ring-spun, siro-spun and compact yarns has also been made to assess its suitability. It is observed that polyester and cotton fabrics made from Eli-Twist yarn show very good permeability and moisture management characteristics
Comparative assessment of Eli-Twist and TFO yarns
Get PDF393-401An attempt has been made to compare the properties of Eli-Twist yarn with those of conventional TFO yarn. Yarns of three compositions (100% Polyester, 50/50 Polyester/Cotton and 100% Cotton) were produced on Eli-Twist and ring spinning systems. Three different counts (39.4tex, 29.5tex and 23.6tex) from each composition have been produced, maintaining 40 twist factor for all the yarns. Hairiness, tensile strength, breaking extension, diameter, abrasion resistance and coefficient of friction have been measured and then compared with those of conventional ring-spun TFO yarn. The mass irregularity and imperfections are found more or less similar in both the yarns, while Eli-Twist yarn exhibits higher breaking strength and breaking extension. Both coefficient of friction and abrasion resistance of Eli-Twist yarn are found to be low as compared to ring- spun TFO yarn
Elastic recovery properties of polyester-cotton blended Eli-Twist yarns
Get PDF420-423The influence of blend ratio, as well as amplitude and rate of extension on recovery properties of polyester-cotton blended Eli-Twist yarns have been studied. The composition of the yarn and the testing parameters are found to play important role in deciding the recovery characteristics of the yarn. A higher rate of extension is found to result in more immediate recovery, while a low rate of extension results in higher permanent deformation and low immediate recovery. On the contrary, the increase in amplitude of extension results in low immediate recovery and higher permanent deformation. Increase in the percentage of polyester assists higher recovery and low permanent deformation
Eli-Twist sewing thread – an alternative to conventional thread
No full text
Purpose
Sewing thread plays an important role in transforming a two-dimensional fabric into three-dimensional garment. Over the years, ring spinning has been dominating the yarn market because of its consistent performance. Eli-Twist spinning system, a new method of yarn manufacture, provides a product with improved mechanical and physical properties than the conventional ring-spun yarn. It is the process of producing a two-ply compact yarn with improved fibre utilisation. The purpose of this paper is to assess the feasibility of using Eli-Twist yarn as a sewing thread and to compare its performance with conventional thread.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, regular polyester and Indian cotton were used to produce the Eli-Twist and conventional TFO thread. Three different blends (100 per cent polyester, 50/50 polyester/cotton [P/C] and 100 per cent cotton) were taken to produce three different counts (39.4 tex, 29.5 tex and 23.6 tex) from each composition. The hairiness, tenacity, breaking elongation and coefficient of yarn-to-metal friction of threads were tested and a comparative analysis was made. The seam performance of all the threads was judged by seam strength, seam efficiency and seam elongation.
Findings
The results show that the mass irregularity and imperfections are more or less similar for both types of threads. Eli-Twist sewing thread has shown less friction, less hairiness and higher tensile strength. The Eli-Twist sewing thread was found to be better than the conventional two-ply sewing thread. The seam performance parameters, such as seam strength, seam efficiency and seam elongation of the Eli-Twist thread showed significantly improved performance.
Originality/value
The main concern of this study is delineating the performance of the Eli-Twist sewing thread. No study in this regard has been reported so far. The improved physical and mechanical behaviour of the Eli-Twist yarn has prompted to assess its performance as sewing thread.
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