3 research outputs found
Effect of l-NAME on pressure-flow relationships in isolated rabbit lungs: role of red blood cells
No full text Pages H1941–H1948: Randy S. Sprague, Alan H. Stephenson, Reed A. Dimmit, Neal A. Weintraub, Carrie A. Branch, Lorraine McMurdo, and Andrew J. Lonigro. “Effect of l-NAME on pressure-flow relationships in isolated rabbit lungs: role of red blood cells.” Page H1941: the author name of Neal A. Weintraub should read as Neal L. Weintraub. </jats:p
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Architecture of an Upper Cretaceous volcanic complex and associated carbonate systems: Elaine field, South Texas
No full textObjectives, scope: In South Texas, Upper Cretaceous volcanic mounds have been producing oil since 1915 from “serpentine
plugs”, or reservoirs from “tuff cone” type volcanos. The hydrocarbon reservoirs include porous volcanic tuffs, carbonate units on and around the mounds, and shallower sandstone units. Elaine field in Dimmit and Zavala Counties provides an opportunity to study high-resolution 3D architecture of a tuff-cone-type volcano that has not been
reported in the literature. We investigated the effective workflow that integrates core, wireline-log, and seismic
data, and the methods to improve stratigraphic correlation and reservoir prediction in and around a volcanic
mound.
Methods, procedures, process: The 3D-seismic data (~120 km2) have a dominant frequency of 30 Hz in the bandwidth of 10-70 Hz. Calculated vertical resolvable limit (λ/4, λ =dominant wavelength) is 16.7 ms (30 m at 3600 m/s to 50 m at 6000 m/s). Seismic data provide basic information on interpretation of structures and faults. Similarity (coherency) attribute is calculated to highlight faults and lithofacies boundaries. In the study area, six wells have cores associated with the volcanic mound, providing basic and key information of lithofacies and depositional environments. Some deeper wells penetrate the carbonate units and whole
length of the volcanic section. Many more shallow wells reach only the top of mound, penetrating at least the carbonate units. Observations from nearby Uvalde County outcrops also provide useful calibration for wireline-log and seismic interpretation. Seismic velocity effects (velocity pull-down and push-up) can be useful in predicting lateral lithofacies variations if the contrast of velocity between thick rock bodies are adequate. Additionally, frequency fusion, a special
seismic attribute, can be applied to increase the thickness visualization range to λ/16 to λ (4.2 to 66.7 ms), making
it possible to image beds between 13 m and 200 m (for high-velocity rocks at 6000 m/s). The application of stratal slices further improves interpretation of seismic geomorphology by making use of the horizontal resolution power of 3D-seismic data. This investigation suggests that, with rock-physics permitting,
seismic sedimentology provides a close approximation of the paleogeography of the volcanic mound and associated carbonate systems.
Results, observations, conclusions: 1. Our workflow includes six steps: (1) Core study ; (2) Rock-physics modelling; (3) Mapping of seismic velocity
effect; (4) Frequency fusion; (5) Seismic facies analysis; and (6) Geologic interpretation.
2. Seismic facies. In this study, the concept of seismic facies is expanded from its original definition. We promote
the use of seismic lithological information and seismic geomorphologic patterns on multiple stratal slices or horizon slices to supplement classical seismic-facies analysis. Recognized seismic facies groups include host-rock
seismic facies, volcanic seismic facies, and volcanic-mound carbonate seismic facies; each is composed of several subfacies.
3. Geologic interpretation. Three types of volcanic architectural features are interpreted from core, wireline-log,
and seismic facies: (1) Magma-feeder system. Deep-rooted faults in the strata below the volcanos have been recognized as pathways for magma that constructed the volcanic mounds (Figure 1, high-angle black lines in the host
rock); some of the faults are filled with basalt dykes (Figure 1, high-angle red lines). On stratal slice S2 (Figure
2a), multiple radial and concentric fault patterns are identified, which are partially filled with basalt dykes. (2) Craters and fills resulted from multiple phreatomagmatic eruptions and fills of fine-grained pyroclastic (ash) sediments
(Figure 1, craters and tuff cones). (3) Penecontemporaneous and post-volcanic carbonate sedimentation. Seismic
facies around S4 (Figures 1 and 2b) indicate carbonate sedimentation on top of the volcanic mound, including
shoal and lagoon, and on the flanks and toe inducing slump and gravity-flow aprons.
Significance, novelty: The study reveals a complex magma-feeder system, a large volcanic buildup composed of secondary craters and
tuff fills, and shallow carbonate sediments and debris-flow fans. Unique tuff-cone type volcanic process offers a
clue to correlate tuff reservoirs for optimized drilling. The key is to understand post-depositional alterations super-
imposed on the highly unstable tuff-fill bodies. The tuff-cone deposits are controlled by secondary craters, with an
overprint of post-depositional alternation. A series of concentric faults are identified crossing the secondary craters. An improved stratigraphic and reservoir correlation calls for working within the boundary of each secondary crater.Bureau of Economic Geolog
Climacia areolaris Hagen
No full textClimacia areolaris (Hagen) Figures 3, 5, 16, 21–23 This species is most similar in appearance to C. californica. The forewings are usually 5 mm or longer and the pale colored area of pterostigma covers six or more veins (Fig. 16). The antennae are dark brown to black, and the postocciput is dark brown and distinctly darker than the rest of the head. Male terminalia have the ventral lobe of the ectoproct narrow and finger-like and located posterior to the dorsal portion (Fig. 21). The gonarcus complex in dorsal view has mildly sinuate internal spines that are broadest anteriorly and gradually tapering posteriorly to a fine point (Fig. 22). Female terminalia have tergite 9 as broad as long in lateral view (Fig. 23). The apex of the gonapophyses curve posteriad at an angle of approximately 80 o. Climacia areolaris is widespread in the United States and Canada east of the Rocky Mountains, but I have not collected nor examined any material from Mexico. Brown (1974) stated that the record of C. areolaris from Lago de Xochimilco in central Mexico reported by Navás (1928) was probably inaccurate and that those specimens were probably either Climacia chapini or an undescribed species. However, Brown (1974) indicated that the Climacia larvae he collected in nearby Durango State, Mexico were apparently undescribed and possibly represented the same species reported by Navás (1928). Brown (1974) also suggested that the Climacia cocoons he collected in sponge in southern Baja California, Mexico likely represented an undescribed species, and Pupedis (1980) arrived at a similar conclusion. Oswald et al. (2002) reported C. areolaris from San Luis Potosi and Tamaulipas, Mexico based on information originally provided by this author. However, I have reexamined those specimens and determined that the former is C. chapini and the latter C. californica. The known distribution of C. areolaris in the United States, and my examination of material from Mexico, leaves me to conclude that this species likely does not occur in Mexico and that previously published records of its occurrence there are dubious. In this study, new distributional records for C. areolaris are reported from Nova Scotia, Canada, and Kentucky, South Carolina, and West Virginia in the United States. The flight period of C. areolaris ranges from March through December. Adults of C. areolaris are occasionally co-collected with Sisyra vicaria throughout their respective ranges although they normally are more locally abundant than the latter species. Published and Supplemental State, County and Parish Records. CANADA. Ontario: (Carpenter 1940. Quebec: (Carpenter 1940). MEXICO: [Distrito Federal] (Navás 1928). San Luis Potosi: (Oswald et al. 2002). Tamaulipas: (Oswald et al. 2002). UNITED STATES. Alabama: county unknown (Parfin & Gurney 1956), [Lawrence, Limestone] (Isom 1968); Baldwin, Jefferson (MEM). Arkansas: county unknown (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Clark, Garland, Johnson (UAAM), Lafayette (UNT), Logan (UAAM), Ouachita (INHS), Perry, Pike (UAAM), Pope (UNT), Stone (INHS, UAAM) Logan (EMEC). Colorado: county unknown (Parfin & Gurney 1956). Connecticut: county unknown (Carpenter 1940), [Hartford, Middlesex] (Parfin & Gurney 1956), [Tolland] (Parfin & Gurney 1956). Delaware: county unknown (Parfin & Gurney 1956). Florida: county unknown (Carpenter 1940), Alachua, [Charlotte, Hendry, Palm Beach, Polk, Volusia] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Baker, Dade, [Escambia], Highlands, Liberty, Levy, Marion, Oklaloosa, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Suwannee (BYUC), [Hendry], Wakulla (AMNH). Georgia: [Charlton] (Carpenter 1940), [Charlton, Crawford, Houston, Pierce, Richmond, Whitfield] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); [Lanier] (INHS). Illinois: county unknown (Carpenter 1940); [Carroll, Iroquois, Kankakee, Jersey, Saline, Stephenson] (Parfin & Gurney 1956), Champaign, Fayette, Gallatin, Johnson, McLean, Platt, Pope, Vermilion (INHS). Indiana: [Marshall] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Monroe (FSCA). Kansas: [Riley] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Chautauqua, Cherokee, Cowley, Crawford, Douglas, Neosho, Johnson, and Woodson (Huggins 1980). Louisiana: [Caddo, Rapides] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Bossier, Concordia, Jefferson, St. Charles, St. Tammany, Washington (Poirrier 1969), East Feliciana (Poirrier & Arceneaux 1972); Baton Rouge (BYUC), Natchitoches (TAMU). Maine: county unknown (Carpenter 1940), [Hancock, Kennebec] (Parfin & Gurney 1956), [Penobscot] (Parfin & Gurney 1956). Maryland: county unknown (Carpenter 1940), [Worcester] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Calvert (BYUC). Massachusetts: county unknown (Carpenter 1940) (AMNH), [Middlesex, Worcester] (Parfin & Gurney 1956). Michigan: [Emmet, Ingham] (Carpenter 1940), [Cheboygan, Houghton] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Chippewa, Kalamazoo (MSU). Minnesota: [St. Louis] (Carpenter 1940), Houston, Lake, Washington (Parfin 1952); Cook, [Ramsey], [Wabasha] (Parfin & Gurney 1956). Mississippi: [Adams] (Carpenter 1940); Amite, Lincoln, Pearl River, Perry, Simpson, Stone (Poirrier & Holzenthal 1980); Franklin, Hancock, Jackson, Madison, Marshall, Quitman, Tishomingo (Lago 1981); Lauderdale (BYUC), Grenada, Pontotoc, Smith, Oktibbeha (MEM). Missouri: Taney (Froeschner 1947), [Taney] (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Boone (INHS, UMC), Pulaski, Shannon (UAAM), Wayne (UMC). New Hampshire: county unknown (Carpenter 1940). New Jersey: county unknown (Carpenter 1940), [Burlington] (Parfin & Gurney 1956). New Mexico: Eddy (Carpenter 1940). New York: county unknown (Carpenter 1940) [Columbia, Erie, Essex, Herkimer, Jefferson, Livingston, Montgomery, Queens, St. Lawrence, Warren, Washington], Westchester (Parfin & Gurney 1956); [Clinton] (INHS), [Columbia] (FSCA). North Carolina: [Moore] (Carpenter 1940); McDowell (INHS). North Dakota: Grand Forks (Stoaks et al. 1983). Ohio: [Ottawa] (Carpenter 1940); Ashtabula (INHS), Hocking (BYUC). Oklahoma: county unknown (Carpenter 1940), Adair (BSC), Beckham, Grant, McCurtain (Parfin & Gurney 1956), Grayson (White 1976), Johnston (Brown 1974), LeFlore (EMEC), Marshall (Brown 1974), McCurtain (Parfin & Gurney 1956), Pushmataha (Parfin & Gurney 1956); Johnston (ONHS), Latimer (DEB), Marshall (INHS, UOBS, FSCA), Ouachita (INHS). Pennsylvania: county unknown (Carpenter 1940). Tennessee: county unknown (Isom 1968). Texas: Bosque (Carpenter 1940), Dallas, Goliad (Parfin & Gurney 1956), Sutton (Carpenter 1940); Anderson (TAMU); Bastrop (INHS, MEM), Bexar (DEB), Bosque (USNM), Brazos, Bowie, Burleson (TAMU), Dimmit (TAMU), [Goliad] (USNM); Hardin (USNM, TAMU), Gonzales (DEB), Hemphill (USNM), Leon, Jasper, Limestone, Montgomery, Newton (TAMU), Robertson (DEB, TAMU), San Jacinto (TAMU, MEM, BYUC), Titus (DEB), Travis, Tyler, Walker, Williamson (TAMU), Wood (DEB). Vermont: county unknown (Carpenter 1940). Virginia: county unknown (Carpenter 1940), [Fairfax] (Parfin & Gurney 1956), (BYUC); Louisa (BYUC). Wisconsin: [Lincoln, Jefferson] (Parfin & Gurney 1956), Barron, Green Lake, Florence, Langlade, Marinette, Marquette, Oconto, Vilas, Waupaca (Throne 1971); [LaCrosse] (FSCA), Oneida (AMNH). New State Records. CANADA. Nova Scotia: Shelburne Co., West Branch Roseway River, hwy 203, Lower Ohio, 24 -VI- 1993, Baumann & Kondratieff, 1 male (BYUC); Yarmouth Co., Clyde River, hwy. 203, Flintsone Rock, 24 -VI- 1993, Baumann and Kondratieff, 1 male (BYUC). UNITED STATES. Kentucky: Hart Co., 4.8 mi NNW Horse Cave, 23 -V- 1987, E. A. Lisowski, BL trap on Green River, 1 female (INHS); McCreary Co., Cumberland River, Cumberland Falls State Park, hwy 90, 11 -V- 1988, Baumann, Kircher, Kondratieff & Nelson, 1 male (BYUC). South Carolina: Aiken Co., Upper Three Runs, 4 -VI- 1984, B. C. Kondratieff, 1 male (BYUC); [Darlington Co.], Society Hill, Cedar Creek, 4 -V- 1944, Frison & Ross, 1 male (INHS); Greenwood Co., Saluda River at SC hwy 34 bridge downstream from dam, 25 -VII- 1974, Sanderson & Unzicker, blacklight trap, 5 females (INHS). West Virginia: Hampshire Co., North River Mill, 30 -VI- 1990, C. R. Nelson, R. F. Whitcomb, 1 male (BYUC); Ohio Co., Wheeling, 4 - VI- 2002, Baumann & Kondratieff, 1 male, 2 females (BYUC).Published as part of Bowles, David E., 2006, Spongillaflies (Neuroptera: Sisyridae) of North America with a key to the larvae and adults, pp. 1-19 in Zootaxa 1357 on pages 5-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17461
