248 research outputs found
Maternal and infant outcomes among pregnant women treated for multidrug/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa
No full textCITATION: Marian Loveday, Jennifer Hughes, Babu Sunkari, Iqbal Master, Sindisiwe Hlangu, Tarylee Reddy, Sunitha Chotoo, Nathan Green, James A Seddon, Maternal and Infant Outcomes Among Pregnant Women Treated for Multidrug/Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa, Clinical Infectious Diseases 72(7):1158–1168 pages, doi.10.1093/cid/ciaa189The original publication is available at: academic.oup.comBackground
Data on safety and efficacy of second-line tuberculosis drugs in pregnant women and their infants are severely limited due to exclusion from clinical trials and expanded access programs.
Methods
Pregnant women starting treatment for multidrug/rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR)-tuberculosis at King Dinuzulu Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2017, were included. We conducted a record review to describe maternal treatment and pregnancy outcomes, and a clinical assessment to describe infant outcomes.
Results
Of 108 pregnant women treated for MDR/RR-tuberculosis, 88 (81%) were living with human immunodeficiency virus.. Favorable MDR/RR-tuberculosis treatment outcomes were reported in 72 (67%) women. Ninety-nine (91%) of the 109 babies were born alive, but overall, 52 (48%) women had unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. Fifty-eight (54%) women received bedaquiline, and 49 (45%) babies were exposed to bedaquiline in utero. Low birth weight was reported in more babies exposed to bedaquiline compared to babies not exposed (45% vs 26%; P = .034). In multivariate analyses, bedaquiline and levofloxacin, drugs often used in combination, were both independently associated with increased risk of low birth weight. Of the 86 children evaluated at 12 months, 72 (84%) had favorable outcomes; 88% of babies exposed to bedaquiline were thriving and developing normally compared to 82% of the babies not exposed.
Conclusions
MDR/RR-tuberculosis treatment outcomes among pregnant women were comparable to nonpregnant women. Although more babies exposed to bedaquiline were of low birth weight, over 80% had gained weight and were developing normally at 1 year.Publisher’s versio
Ankyloglossia, rare anomaly of tongue in adults: A case study
No full textTongue-tie, or ankyloglossia, is poorly defined and involves a short, thick, fibrosed, or fixed lingual frenulum. Ankyloglossia has been reported to cause feeding difficulties, dysarthria, dyspnea, and social or mechanical problems. Ankyloglossia occurs in 1.7% of all neonates. As age advances, frenulum grows in length and normal function is established. Frenulectomy is recommended if it persists. We have also come across with the case of Tongue Tie in one of our patient. He is 19 years in age pursuing his graduation. He has got tongue tie which is persisting since birth.A. S. Ankur, B. Pradeep, N. Satyanarayana, K. Ruchi, K.Varun, K. Neha, P. Sunitha, N.Redd
Sunitha Krishnan i jej walka z seksualnym niewolnictwem kobiet w Indiach
No full textThis article introduces the silhouette of Hindu activist Sunitha Krishan, has been strongly committed to the fight against sexual slavery in India for 20 years. It presents the circumstances of the fact that she started her business, initiatives which was undertaken by her and what was the results of her activities. In summary form the article presents stories that Krishnan has collected by seeing with victims – women and children. The author also essays the presentation of Hindu models of femininity and she demonstrates their influence on the current situation of women. This text is largery based on online sources, articles published on the information portals, interviews with Krishnan and record during the conference with her participation.Niniejszy artykuł przybliża sylwetkę hinduskiej aktywistki Sunithy Krishan, która od 20 lat jest silnie zaangażowana w walkę z seksualnym niewolnictwem w Indiach. Przedstawia okoliczności, w jakich doszło do rozpoczęcia jej działalności, inicjatywy przez nią podejmowane oraz rezultaty działań. W skrótowej formie prezentuje opowieści, które zebrała Krishnan spotykając się z pokrzywdzonymi kobietami i dziećmi. Autorka podejmuje również próbę przedstawienia hinduskich modeli kobiecości i wykazania jaki mają one wpływ na obecną sytuację kobiet. Tekst oparty jest w dużej mierze na źródłach internetowych, artykułach publikowanych na portalach informacyjnych, wywiadach przeprowadzonych z Krishnan oraz zapisie konferencji z jej udziałem.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00
An analysis of concentration of sucrose, endogenous pH, and alteration in the plaque pH on consumption of commonly used liquid pediatric medicines
No full textBackground: Many parents are often unaware of the hidden, added sugars in many foods and drinks including pediatric liquid medicines; thus, hidden sugar in the form of pediatric medications has not been focused upon as cariogenic agents. Objective: (i) assess concentration of sucrose in six pediatric drugs, (ii) determine endogenous pH of these drugs, and (iii) estimate drop in the plaque pH in the oral cavity in first 30 minutes after consumption of the drugs. Materials and Methods: Ten adult volunteers with mean age of 22 years were double blinded for the study. Concentration of sucrose was assessed by volumetric method at Department of Chemical Branch of Engineering. Endogenous pH and drop in the plaque pH after consumption of the drugs were assessed using digital pH meter. Statistical analysis: SPSS software was used to assess the pH level at different time intervals and expressed as mean ± SD. Changes in pH were assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Wilcoxons signed rank test. P-value was set at 0.05. Result: There were varying amounts of fermentable sucrose detected in the drugs; all the drugs were acidic. There is a significant drop of plaque pH after consumption of the drug. Conclusion: These sweeteners along with their low endogenic pH form a high cariogenic formulation. Thus, nonsucrose (noncariogenic) or sugar-free medications are needed to be prescribed along with proper oral hygiene care to the children under medication
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RANITIDINE FLOATING MATRIX TABLETS USING TAMARIND SEED POLYSACCHARIDE AS RELEASE RETARDANT PAPER-QR CODE
No full textAbstract: Ranitidine Hcl is used for the treatment of peptic ulcer. It is H 2 -receptor antagonist. It is absorption window limited drug & has short half life of 2-3 hours. Therefore the main objective of the present work is to develop floating matrix tablets of Ranitidine Hcl using natural polymer, tamarind seed polysaccharide. Floating matrix tablets were designed such that they prolong the gastric residence time and thus increase the half life of the drug. Drug excipient compatibility studies by FTIR Studies gave conformation that there was no interaction between drug and selected excipients. Various formulations were developed by using various concentrations of tamarind seed polysaccharide in the range of 80-120 mg using direct compression method. The physico chemical characteristics of Ranitidine Hcl, tamarind seed polysaccharide & pre-compressional and post-compressional parameters of the designed formulations were evaluated. Invitro drug release studies indicated that increase in polymer concentration decreases the drug release up to concentration of 120mg. From all the developed formulations F5 prolonged the drug release up to 12 hours and is selected as best formulation. Swelling studies of the formulations indicated significant water uptake by the formulations. The release kinetics of F5 follows zero order with an R² value of 0.981 .The optimized formulation F5 was found to be stable after the stability studies conducted for a period of one month
Lyme disease in an experimental mouse model
No full textDue to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to [email protected], referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references.This research was directed at developing a murine model for the investigation of Lyme disease. This study sought to define the route of inoculation necessary to establish infection or disease in susceptible C3H/HeJ mice and also, to determine the virulence of four Borrelia burgdorferi isolates. Further, the influence of MHC Class I and Class 11 genes of the mouse H-2 complex on the susceptibility and/or resistance to Lyme disease was studied. This thesis demonstrates the development of multisysternic infection in the mouse model, namely, dermatological, cardiac, and arthritic lesions in C3HJHeJ mouse. It also demonstrates the involvement of Class I genes (K and D regions) and Class 11 genes (I-A and I-E regions) of the mouse H-2 complex on the quantitative antibody titers. This was achieved by using genetically stable B IO congenic and recombinant strains. The data presented in this thesis strongly supports use of C3HJHeJ and BIO congenic and recombinant strains as potential laboratory animal models for Lyme disease research
EMPOWERMENT OF RURAL WOMEN EMPLOYEES IN MICROFINANCE AT RANGA REDDY DISTRICT
No full textAbstract
Rural development is a strategy designed to improve the economic and social life of specific group of people, the rural poor’s. It involves the extension of benefits of development to the poorest among those who seek a livelihood in rural areas, such as small farmers, tenants and landless. The Government of India (GoI) gave considerable importance to rural reconstruction and formulated a number of strategies for rural development. Rural development implies both the economic betterment of people as well as greater social transformation. Over the years, rural development has emerged as a strategy designed to improve the economic and social life of a specific group of people-the rural poor. Micro-Finance programmes has a significant role to play in Indian economy for boosting micro entrepreneurial activities for creating productive assets coupled with employment generation. Microfinance can be broadly defined as the provision of small scale financial services such as saving, credit and other basic financial services to poor and low- income people .The term " Microfinance Institution" now refers to a wide range of organizations dedicated to providing these services and includes on-governmental organizations, credit unions, cooperatives, private commercial banks, non-bank financial institutions and parts of State Owned banks, '"various the micro finance is a very young anal growing business vertical in the financial sector and also is an important tool for poverty control. The state governments in guidance from NABARD, SIDBI, on NGCTs are forging links with commercial banks for making credit facility to the groups. Under various rural development programmes including DWCRA (Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas), the impact of support given to SHG's has been quite visible. Self-help group (SHGs) is defined as a voluntary group valuing personal interactions and mutual aid as a means of altering or ameliorating t6+he problems members according to the group member’s priorities. The rate of interest charged by the SHG from its members is 2-3 percent per month
FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTI UNIT PARTICULATES AS RESERVOIR SYSTEMS USING HYDROPHOBIC POLYMERS
No full textFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LAMIVUDINE SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS USING JACKFRUIT SEED EXTRACT AS RELEASE RETARDANT
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