28,160 research outputs found
Lack of semantic parafoveal preview benefit in reading revisited
No full textIn contrast to earlier research, evidence for semantic preview benefit in reading has been reported by Hohenstein and Kliegl (Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40, 166–190, 2013) in an alphabetic writing system; they also implied that prior demonstrations of lack of a semantic preview benefit needed to be reexamined. In the present article, we report a rather direct replication of an experiment reported by Rayner, Balota, and Pollatsek (Canadian Journal of Psychology, 40, 473–483, 1986). Using the gaze-contingent boundary paradigm, subjects read sentences that contained a target word (razor), but different preview words were initially presented in the sentence. The preview was identical to the target word (i.e., razor), semantically related to the target word (i.e., blade), semantically unrelated to the target word (i.e., sweet), or a visually similar nonword (i.e., razar). When the reader’s eyes crossed an invisible boundary location just to the left of the target word location, the preview changed to the target word. Like Rayner et al. (Canadian Journal of Psychology, 40, 473–483, 1986), we found that fixations on the target word were significantly shorter in the identical condition than in the unrelated condition, which did not differ from the semantically related condition; when an orthographically similar preview had been initially present in the sentence, fixations were shorter than when a semantically unrelated preview had been present. Thus, the present experiment replicates the earlier data reported by Rayner et al. (Canadian Journal of Psychology, 40, 473–483, 1986), indicating evidence for an orthographic preview benefit but a lack of semantic preview benefit in reading English
The Southern Cross [music] : ballad /
No full text5th ed. Cover title.; For voice and piano.; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.mus-an5600836; MUS: N, - ; A, M 74318
The Southern Cross [music] :
No full textFifth edition. Cover title.; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.mus-an5628732; N, MUSM 114023
RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB0901, 15 Apr-06 May 2009. RAPID Mooring Cruise Report
No full textThis report describes the mooring operations conducted during RV Ronald H. Brown cruiseRB0901 between 15 April and 5 May 2009.These mooring operations were completed as part of the United Kingdom Natural EnvironmentResearch Council (NERC) funded RAPID-WATCH Programme to monitor the AtlanticMeridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5°N. The primary purpose on this cruise for the UKteam was to service the RAPID Western Boundary moorings while the US team worked on theWestern Boundary Time Series project.Cruise RB0901 was from Charleston, South Carolina to Charleston, South Carolina andcovered the Western Boundary moorings deployed on cruises SJ08 and RB0701. This cruisewas the seventh annual refurbishment of the Western Boundary section of an array of mooringsdeployed across the Atlantic in order to continuously observe the Atlantic MeridionalOverturning Circulation (MOC). This array will be further refined and refurbished duringsubsequent years.The instruments deployed on the array consist of a variety of current meters, bottom pressurerecorders, and CTD loggers, which, combined with time series measurements of the FloridaChannel Current and wind stress estimates, will be used to determine the strength and structureof the MOC at 26.5°N.(http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/rapid
Verdazyl radicals as mediators in living radical polymerisation and dopamine end-functionalised polymers for application as friction modifiers
No full textVerdazyl Radicals as Mediators in Living Radical Polymerisation:
The aim of this work was to investigate verdazyl radicals as an alternative to
nitroxides as mediators in stable free radical polymerisation. Verdazyl radicals and
their unimolecular initiators were synthesised and utilised in the polymerisation of
styrene and n-butyl acrylate. Varying degrees of success was observed in the
polymerisations depending on the structure of the verdazyl radical. The
polymerisation of methyl methacrylate and the copolymerisation of styrene and
methyl methacrylate were also investigated. Correlations between observed
molecular weight and theoretical molecular weight were poor but may be improved
by optimisation of the reaction conditions. Electron paramagnetic resonance was
used to elucidate the radical structure as well as to confirm the living nature of the
polymerisation technique. Electron paramagnetic resonance was also utilised to
provide an insight into radical stability and reactivity in the various reactions
undertaken.
Dopamine End-Functionalised Polymers for Application as Friction
Modifiers:
The aim of this work was to synthesise oil soluble dopamine end-functionalised
polymers for mechanical testing to determine if the polymers can reduce friction by
film formation at a surface. A dopamine based initiator was synthesised and used in Cu(I) and Cu(0) mediated polymerisations with little success and the dopamine
catecholic end-group could not be identified as the polymer end-group. To enable a
successful living polymerisation, the catechol groups on dopamine required
protection. Complete deprotection of the catechol group can be achieved post
polymerisation. The polymerisation of lauryl methacrylate was achieved using a
polymerisation method designed for the long chain, non-polar molecule which
utilised Cu(I)Cl. The polymerisations were scaled up to obtain a baseline, protected
dopamine and deprotected dopamine polymers for mechanical testing. A reduction
in friction and wear observed for the deprotected dopamine polymer, however,
corrosion was also observed and may have affected the results
The effect of high- and low-frequency previews and sentential fit on word skipping during reading
No full textIn a previous gaze-contingent boundary experiment, Angele and Rayner (2013) found that readers are likely to skip a word that appears to be the definite article the even when syntactic constraints do not allow for articles to occur in that position. In the present study, we investigated whether the word frequency of the preview of a 3-letter target word influences a reader’s decision to fixate or skip that word. We found that the word frequency rather than the felicitousness (syntactic fit) of the preview affected how often the upcoming word was skipped. These results indicate that visual information about the upcoming word trumps information from the sentence context when it comes to making a skipping decision. Skipping parafoveal instances of the therefore may simply be an extreme case of skipping high-frequency words
'Gastric' hypoglycaemia - an important concept in diabetes management
No full textThe definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.comM. Horowitz, K. L. Jones, C. K. Rayner & N. W. Rea
The Australian stockman's song [music] /
No full textFor voice and piano.; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.mus-an6056353; MUS: N, MUS 165
RRS Discovery Cruises 277/278, RAPID mooring cruise report, February - March 2004
No full textThis report describes the mooring operations conducted during RRS Discovery Cruises D277 and D278. These cruises were conducted between 26 February 2004 and 30 March 2004, as part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded RAPID Programme to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5N.Cruise D277 was from Tenerife to the Bahamas with participants from the Southampton Oceanography Centre (SOC), with cruise D278 a barter cruise also involving participants from the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami.An array of moorings were deployed across the Atlantic in order to set up a pre-operational prototype system to continuously observe the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC). This array will be refined and refurbished during subsequent years.The deployed mooring array consisted of 19 moorings from the SOC, with 3 from the RSMAS. Moorings are focused at the Eastern and Western boundaries, along with a grouping at the Mid Atlantic Ridge.The instruments deployed on the array consists of a variety of current meters, bottom pressure recorders and CTD loggers which, combined with time series measurements of the Florida Channel Current and wind stress estimates, will be used to determine the strength and structure of the MOC at 26.5N
Eye movement sequences during simple versus complex information processing of scenes in autism spectrum disorder
No full textMinshew and Goldstein (1998) postulated that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disorder of complex information processing. The current study was designed to investigate this hypothesis. Participants with and without ASD completed two scene perception tasks: a simple “spot the difference” task, where they had to say which one of a pair of pictures had a detail missing, and a complex “which one's weird” task, where they had to decide which one of a pair of pictures looks “weird”. Participants with ASD did not differ from TD participants in their ability to accurately identify the target picture in both tasks. However, analysis of the eye movement sequences showed that participants with ASD viewed scenes differently from normal controls exclusively for the complex task. This difference in eye movement patterns, and the method used to examine different patterns, adds to the knowledge base regarding eye movements and ASD. Our results are in accordance with Minshew and Goldstein's theory that complex, but not simple, information processing is impaired in ASD.<br/
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