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Editorial introduction
No full textThe Editorial team of the Postcolonial Directions in Education (PDE) online journal welcomes this special issue, Vol. 3 No. 1, guest-edited by Dr. Nisha Thapliyal of the University of Newcastle, Australia. The special issue explores a crucial concern for education: the relationship between learning, knowledge and collective action for social transformation. It is all the more important for scholars of education to research and write about this, given today’s context of a sustained neo-liberal current in which individualism and privatisation are being promoted above notions of social responsibility for the collective good
Ocena skali lęku klasowego (CAS) dla uczniów szkół średnich
No full textSchool-related anxiety is a frequent phenomenon that affects many students at all levels of education. To reduce students’ school-related anxiety, teachers need valid, reliable diagnostic instruments that examine its various forms. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate a new instrument, Classroom Anxiety Scale (CAS), to estimate the incidence of school-related anxiety among secondarystudents, and to examine the relationships between student demographic characteristics and school-related anxiety. The results show that students experience intensive anxiety related to tests/exams and public speaking, while a smaller number experience anxiety related to writing tasks and group work. They also show that the Classroom Anxiety Scale (CAS) has satisfactory metric characteristics.Lęk związany ze szkołą jest częstym zjawiskiem dotykającym uczniów na każdym poziomie edukacji. Aby zredukować u uczniów lęk związany ze szkołą, nauczyciele potrzebują właściwych, rzetelnych narzędzi diagnostycznych, za pomocą których przeanalizują różne przejawy tego lęku. Pierwszym celem tego badania była ocena nowego instrumentu - Skali Lęku Klasowego (Classroom Anxiety Scale CAS), aby oszacować częstość występowania lęków związanych ze szkołą wśród uczniów Evaluation of a Classroom Anxiety Scale for Secondary-School Students szkół średnich, a także zbadanie relacji pomiędzy charakterystyką demograficzną studenta a występowaniem lęku związanego ze szkołą. Wyniki pokazują, że uczniowie doświadczają intensywnego lęku związanego z testami/egzaminami i wystąpieniami publicznymi, podczas gdy niewielka ich liczba odczuwa lęk związany z wykonywaniem zadań pisemnych i zadań w grupie. Wyniki pokazują również, iż SkalaLęku Klasowego (CAS) posiada zadawalającą charakterystykę pomiarową
Special Journal Issue: Malta Review of Educational Research
No full textRaphael Vella and Milosh Raykov from the University of Malta co-edited a special issue of MRER focusing on ‘Socially engaged art and global challenges’. This Special Issue of MRER brings together several scholars and artists from AMASS and aims to present arts-based research with persons affected by discrimination in daily life and/or educational contexts, as well as evaluations of cultural policies related to cultural inclusion and challenges of marginalised members of society.
The first three articles discuss AMASS studies in three different contexts: Finland, Malta and Portugal. They describe and analyse the role of participants in arts-based research, artistic processes and evidence of research outcomes. The article by Mirja Hiltunen, Pieta Koskenniemi and Melanie Sarantou from the University of Lapland presents the work of researchers, artists and art educators involved in promoting different forms of dialogue and interaction amongst people living in Rovaniemi. The article by Isabelle Gatt, Milosh Raykov and Raphael Vella (University of Malta) presents some data emerging from the University of Malta's AMASS pilot study, which focused on misinformation and stigma affecting persons living with HIV. The article by Ângela Saldanha, Teresa Eça, Célia Ferreira and Raquel Balsa from APECV in Portugal asks how researchers in the arts and education can develop collaborative projects and other interventions with marginalised communities. Inspired by Freire's ideas about popular education, APECV's research develops new ways of understanding learning encounters.
The fourth article by Zsófia Somogyi-Rohonczy and Andrea Kárpáti (Ludwig Museum Budapest and ELTE Doctoral School of Education, and Corvinus University Budapest, respectively) presents methods used to mentor art educators working with socially disadvantaged children and youth who rarely visit art exhibitions and cultural institutions.
The last three articles present different perspectives on generating cultural policy recommendations, particularly during workshops with stakeholders involved in the field of culture, social work and the arts. Melanie Sarantou and Mira Alhonsuo (both from the University of Lapland) and Carolina Gutierrez Novoa, and Silvia Remotti (both members of PACO Design Collaborative in Italy) write about the generation of data about policymaking during stakeholder workshops that made use of participatory service design. Making use of online platforms, Raphael Vella and Karsten Xuereb first introduce Malta's new national cultural policy (2021) and underline references to inclusion and other challenges associated with discrimination within a broad theoretical framework informed by intersectionality. Their article then presents a bottom-up approach that engages stakeholders directly in online workshops in which opportunities for cultural inclusion and specific challenges are discussed. Finally, Karsten Xuereb's article also analyses Malta's cultural policy, focusing on issues of diversity, sustainable development and investments in research that can inform cultural policy
Seeing the “big picture” : exploring the impact of the duration of community service volunteer work and learning on university students
Full text linkCommunity service learning (CSL) is growing in higher education across Canada and has been a part of university programs in the US for decades. It is described by the Association of American Colleges and Universities as a “high impact” educational practice, along with academic learning communities, undergraduate research, study abroad, internships, and capstone courses or experiences (Kuh, 2008). Some of the service learning program characteristics that reportedly contribute to its impact include the quality of CSL placements, the quantity and quality of opportunities for student reflection, the application of the placement to academic content, and the duration and intensity of service (Eyler et al., 2001). This paper focuses on the question, what difference does the duration of service learning through volunteering and classroom activities make for student outcomes, drawing on data from a mixed methods study of students engaged in service learning at a Canadian university. Our previous analysis suggests that CSL is perceived very positively by most students who participate and that it contributes to their development in a variety of ways. The study found that even when students did not opt to engage in a community placement within a community service-learning course, they were positively impacted by peer learning. However, little research has examined the relationship between the intensity of service learning and students’ attitudes. This study provides a contribution to this insufficiently explored domain.peer-reviewe
Ethics Reviews in Socially Engaged Arts Research
Full text linkThis article explores researchers’ perceptions of discrepancies between the creative goals of research projects in which artists are recruited and requirements established by ethical review boards in higher education. It describes issues that researchers typically face when applying for the ethical clearance of research projects that engage various communities in participatory activities involving creative professionals. While the observation of ethical codes of practice is very important in all academic research, it is equally important to understand how the goals of research and artistic outcomes may be affected by regulatory procedures as well as variable institutional practices related to ethical reviews of research. Ethical requirements may impact research in any discipline and are certainly not unique to the arts, but it is important to understand the specific effects of ethics review boards on research projects that venture into new creative areas that might involve vulnerable participants or include unforeseeable artistic outcomes. The article analyses studies undertaken by a research team made of academics, artists and other entities at the University of Malta and shows how the ethics review process affects timeframes, levels of participants’ involvement and the organic development of creative processes. Finally, it makes some recommendations for ethical review boards in the evaluation of socially engaged arts research projects
Underemployment and Health-related Quality of Life
Full text linkConsidering the increasing levels of unemployment and underemployment, and the limited evidence concerning the impact of underemployment on health, my study examines the relations between subjective, objective, and time-related underemployment and employees’ health-related quality of life, as manifested through self-rated health, activity limitations and work-related stress.
The study compares an expanded model of work-health relations that, along with the factors addressed by control-demand, and social capital theories, includes characteristics of the physical work environment, and employees’ economic class. In addition to the commonly examined factors related to employment and health (control-demand and social capital), my study explores the impact of the work environment (hazards, discomfort and physical demands) and economic class to determine the specific effects of underemployment on an employee’s health-related quality of life. My main argument is that underemployment, in conjunction with lower economic class, higher exposure to a harmful work environment, lack of control over work, and lower social capital, contributes to increased work-related stress and diminishes health-related quality of life.
The study applies a mixed methodological approach based on data from the Canadian Work and Lifelong Learning Survey and the US General Social Survey, and qualitative analysis of interviews from the Ontario Survey on Education-Job Requirements Matching. Evidence based on cross-sectional and qualitative data analysis provides consistent findings and confirms the main assumption that high levels of underemployment have a significant effect on employees’ health-related quality of life. The study shows that employees’ economic class, characteristics of work environment and control over work carry the highest associations with health-related quality of life, while underemployment has a significant additive association with health-related quality of life, most importantly with work-related stress.Ph
Gendered attitudes and outcomes of community service-learning
Full text linkThis study analysed survey data from 525 students who took a community service-learning (CSL) course between 2005 and 2012 at the University of Alberta. Since just over three-quarters of these students was female, this study explores gender differences in student experiences of service learning. For example, there are significant differences regarding the type of male and female involvement in community. The study also found significant gender differences in motivations for participating. In addition, while similar proportions of male and female students would recommend this form of learning to other students, they do so for different reasons. Finally, the analysis of open-ended questions shows other gender differences in experiences and suggests actions that might mitigate the gender gaps in CSL..peer-reviewe
Undergraduate student experience and perceived outcomes of term-time paid and unpaid work
Full text linkThis paper presents findings from a survey on undergraduate students’ term-time work at a Canadian research-intensive university. The study examines which students work, how much they work, why they do it, and the self-reported impacts of paid and unpaid work on their studies. Our analysis of survey data shows that over half of the respondents worked. More women than men worked, more domestic than international students, and more students from lower socioeconomic status families worked. Hours of work were strongly correlated with students’ financial needs. The more students worked, the less time they spent studying and on other academic activities or attending classes, tutorials, or labs. Further analysis will focus more on what difference the kind of work makes to effects on studies.peer-reviewe
Health and Safety for Canadian Youth in Trades
Full text linkThis article examines occupational health and safety (OHS), with a particular focus on youth apprentices. It uses quantitative and qualitative data to examine the incidence of injuries among youth apprentices, and their experiences related to health and safety at work in Canada. Analysis of large-scale national surveys suggests a high incidence of work-related injuries among youth and low participation rates of younger workers in formal OHS training. A survey of 173 former Ontario Youth Apprenticeship Program (OYAP) and Registered Apprenticeship Program in Alberta (RAP) participants finds that one-fifth suffered serious occupational injuries, which required time off work. The results from this study have important implications for youth apprenticeship programs, particularly the OHS- and trade-specific knowledge required for youth to work safely during and following their apprenticeship training
Underemployment and Health-related Quality of Life
No full textConsidering the increasing levels of unemployment and underemployment, and the limited evidence concerning the impact of underemployment on health, my study examines the relations between subjective, objective, and time-related underemployment and employees’ health-related quality of life, as manifested through self-rated health, activity limitations and work-related stress.
The study compares an expanded model of work-health relations that, along with the factors addressed by control-demand, and social capital theories, includes characteristics of the physical work environment, and employees’ economic class. In addition to the commonly examined factors related to employment and health (control-demand and social capital), my study explores the impact of the work environment (hazards, discomfort and physical demands) and economic class to determine the specific effects of underemployment on an employee’s health-related quality of life. My main argument is that underemployment, in conjunction with lower economic class, higher exposure to a harmful work environment, lack of control over work, and lower social capital, contributes to increased work-related stress and diminishes health-related quality of life.
The study applies a mixed methodological approach based on data from the Canadian Work and Lifelong Learning Survey and the US General Social Survey, and qualitative analysis of interviews from the Ontario Survey on Education-Job Requirements Matching. Evidence based on cross-sectional and qualitative data analysis provides consistent findings and confirms the main assumption that high levels of underemployment have a significant effect on employees’ health-related quality of life. The study shows that employees’ economic class, characteristics of work environment and control over work carry the highest associations with health-related quality of life, while underemployment has a significant additive association with health-related quality of life, most importantly with work-related stress.Ph
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