86 research outputs found
Is unitary and integral Yugoslavia possible?
No full textTitle: Bъзмοжнa πu e euòннa u uяπocmнa Юƨocπaeuя? Ha ƨpaнuyama мeжòy noπumuκama u фuπocoфuяma (Is unitary and integral Yugoslavia possible? On the borderline between politics and philosophy) Originally published: in the magazine Фuπocoфcκu npeƨπeò, IV, 1932, vol. III, pp. 197–227. Language: BulgarianThe excerpts used are from the original, pp. 213–214, 220, 221–223. About the author Dimitar Mihalchev [1880, Lozengrad (Tur. Kirklareli, present-day Turkey) – 1967, Sofia]: philosopher and diplom..
THE IDIOLECT OF REVEREND ECONOMOS DIMITAR POPNIKOLOV PETKANOV
Full text linkA less studied talented author and brother of the popular fiction writer Konstantin Petkanov, priest
Dimitar wrote in the 1950s. This publication analyzes several parameters of his idiolect: phonetic peculiarities (reflex of ѣ, ѫ,
ъ; epenthetic [l]; reflexes of the [tʃ] [dʒ] groups; phonetic dialectisms; phonetic doublets); morphological paradigm (case
inflections; noun form for number; dualis; nomina collectiva; extended Church Slavonic suffix for adjectives; dialectal and
contracted pronoun forms; a temporal system characterized by high frequency of the verbs in terms of origin, distribution and
stylistic differentiation); lexical specifics (in terms of origin, distribution and stylistic differentiation). Emphasis is placed on
those lexical layers that constitute and ditinguish the author’s language. Hapaxes (produced using morphological and non-
morphological methods), rare words, semantic transponents, dialectisms, colloquial vocabulary and foreign words are studied.
All linguistic phenomena are examined retrospectively and in comparison with the synchronous linguistic situation before and
after the orthographic reform of 1945 in order to highlight the innovative contribution and the mechanisms through which the
author enriched the contemporary Bulgarian vocabulary. Occasionalisms, dialectal and archaic units occur more often in
Petkanov’s poetic works than in his fiction. The source material has been excerpted from Volume 1 (January – March) and
Volume 2 (April – June) of the hagiographic tetralogy “The Year of Our Lord“ and the memoir “A Book about My Brother –
the Writer Konstantin N. Petkanov“, which were published a few years ago by Dimitar Petkanov’s heirs
Imperium Militiae(I)
No full textThe most common idea in Romance studies is that Romans, as practical people, didn’t conduct theoretical research on their country or their army, but they gradually built them both. Meanwhile, they reformed and upgraded it, so that they could respond to the challenges of their age. Moreover, the basis of their research was not explicit doctrines, or prior concepts, in fact they used their own, or the experience of others, to find concrete solutions to daily problems. Just as the Hellenic romanophile Polibius (200-120 B.C), in his work Historia, asks the crucial question: ”Is it possible to have such an unreliable man who is not interested in how the Romans, with their unicipal structure, managed to conquer the whole world”? - in the same way the author of this paper, as much as its content allows, humbly and unpretentiously tries to answer the crucial question: “What kind of military structure
created and defended one of the biggest and most enduring empires in world’s history, and what rules governed it”
Conservative Treatment of Idiopathic Clubfoot. The Ponseti Method – Approved Standard // Консервативно лечение на вродено еквиноварусно ходило. Методът на Понсети-утвърден стандарт
No full textЛечението на еквиноварусното ходило е едно от големите предизвикателства в съвременната ортопедична наука и практика. Натрупаният опит в широко прилаганите в миналото различни оперативни процедури е съпровождан с огромни разочарования от ранните и късни рецидиви с лош за ходилото функционален край. Съвременното изучаване на структурните особености в съединителната тъкан на новороденото извеждат на преден план през последните десетилетия няколко консервативни метода в лечението, при които честотата на усложненията са значително редуцирани. Методът на Понсети се утвърди като принципно нов консервативен подход с в лечението на еквиноварусното ходило. Следвайки точно правилата в изпълнението му, успеваемостта в лечението достига до 92% с минимален риск от рецидиви. Настоящото проучване потвърждава високата успеваемост, но и изследва детайлно грешките, които се допускат от лекаря специалист, както и всички други обстоятелства, възникващи по време на лечението, които са причина за неуспехи – грешки или рецидиви.All orthopedists who have faced with the problems of clubfoot, in the past and nowadays, share the same opinion that achieving a success is a difficult task, regardless the management is conducted conservatively or surgically. The fact determined to be essential is that the early start leads to better results. Modern studies have established the role of the so-called “embryonic myosin” which later is substituted with normal myosin while the child is growing. This protein has proven extremely susceptible to manipulation and very sensitive to surgical influence. Thus, gradually and gentle casting in a specific sequence manages to achieve the correction of ligaments, joint capsules and tendons; the rearranged tarsal and metatarsal bones are remodeled. At the same time, upon surgical accesses by different methods this protein is quickly converted to rough scar tissue, which deteriorates the functions of the operated foot even short term after surgery. The objective of this paper is to provide results of the treatment of idiopathic clubfoot by Ponseti Method which convincingly demonstrate that if conducted correctly, the method ensures success. Patients. This study included 165 children (228 feet) with clubfoot within the period from 2001 to 2016. The criteria for inclusion were idiopathic type of deformity for which no previous surgical methods of treatment have been conducted till this point. All of them were treated using the protocol described by Ponseti. Results. Strictly adhering to Ponseti protocol, 29 feet (13%) were treated only by casting, and the other 199 (87%) were treated by casting and subsequent Achilles tenotomy. The average number of castings - 8 ; Recurrences of equinus and adduction - 34 (15%) feet; a second relapse in 21 (9%) feet,; unsuccessful results - 7 feet Discussion. The results obtained (97% successful correction within the follow-up period) correlate with those of other authors in the short-term. The reasons for recurrences occurred were analyzed as the preponderant role was the improper maintenance of the abduction device in the post-casting period. Conclusions. The high final result of 97% corrected feet makes the Ponseti method much more successful and preferred both by doctors who undertake to treat congenital clubfoot and by parents of children with such disease
Potentials and Evaluations of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (Orthotripsy) Applied For Diseases and Injuries of the Limbs // Възможности и оценка на Екстракорпоралната шоково вълнова терапия (Ортотрипсия) при травми и заболявания на крайниците
No full textЕкстракорпоралната шоково вълнова терапия е нов метод, чието приложение в ортопедичната практика нараства постоянно. Основни направления, където тя се прилага, са забавено срастване или несрастване на кости, тендо или ентезопатии, като периартрит на раменна става, плантарен фасциит, хумерален епикондилит, както и по-нови сфери, като аваскуларната некроза на бедреа глава. Методът е с доказана ефективност, както на базата на класическите схващания за причиняване на микрофрактури или микролезии в увредените тъкани, така и с новите доказателства за биологичния ефект върху увредени и болезнени тъкани. Представените собствени резултати за костно възстановяване на псевдоартрози при средно 64 процента от пациентите, успехи при лечението на раменен периартрит - 75 процента, плантарен фасциит-71 процента, епикондилити - 69 процента, както и успешно лечение на аваскуларна некроза на бедрената глава в началните й фази - 54 процента , правят метода актуален за ортопедичната практика. Неговите безспорни предимства са неинвазивност, липса на странични нежелани действия, кратък период за възстановяване, ненарушаване на терена, в случай че се наложи оперативно лечение на следващ етап. Лекотата в изпълнение на процедурата правят ортотрипсията предпочитана за пациента методика на лечение. Не на последно място е и ниската цена в сравнение с оператините методи. Това е първият разширен труд на тази тема на български език, който представя повече от 130 референции към натрупания съвременен опит в тази ортопедична методика. Приложените протоколи за приложение в отделните заболявания прави настоящата работа ръководство за - приложение на ортотрипсията в ежедневната практика.Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is a new method in orthopedic practice steadily gaining consistent application. Main areas of its application are delayed bones adhesion or non-adhesion of the bones, tendo- or enthesopathy such as Periarthritis of the shoulder joint, Plantar Fasciitis, Humeral Epicondylitis, as well as in new areas such as Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head. The method was proven effective, based both on classical concept of causing micro fracture or micro lesions in damaged tissue, together with new evidence of biological effects on damaged and painful tissue. Based on researcher’s own results for bone recovery during Pseudarthrosis at an average 64 percent of patients, the success in treating Periarthritis - 75 percent, Plantar Fasciitis -71 percent, Epicondylitis - 69 rates, and successful treatment of Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head at its initial phase - 54 percent, makes the method popular in orthopedic practice. The method is non- invasive, shows lack of by-side adverse effects and there is a short period of recovery after application. These are some of its indisputable advantages together with an undistorted area left behind if surgery is required at a next stage. Its ease of execution and procedural rules make orthotripsy a prefereable patients’ treatment method. Last but not least is the low price to be taken into consideration compared to the surgical methods
Ligamentous Lisfranc injuries: analysis of CT findings under weightbearing.
No full textPURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different ligamentous Lisfranc injuries on computed tomography (CT) findings under weight-bearing and to emphasize the indications for surgical treatment of their various types.
METHODS
Sixteen human cadaveric lower limbs were placed in weight-bearing radiolucent frame for CT scanning. All intact specimens were initially scanned, and then, dorsal approach was used for sequential ligaments cutting of: (1) the dorsal and the interosseous (Lisfranc) ligaments between medical cuneiform (MC) and metatarsal 2 (MT2); (2) the plantar ligament between the MC and MT3; (3) the plantar ligament between MC and MT2. Based on sequential CT scans, the distances MT1-MT2, MC-T2, as well as the alignment and dorsal displacement of MT2 were measured.
RESULTS
Slight increase in the distances MT1-MT2 and MC-MT2 was observed after the disruption of the dorsal and the interosseous ligaments. Further increase in MT1-MT2 and MC-MT2 distances was registered after the disruption of the ligament between MC and MT3. The largest distances MT1-MT2 and MC-MT2 were measured after the final plantar ligament cut between MC and MT2.
CONCLUSIONS
Unequivocal instability is observed with simultaneous transection of the Lisfranc ligament with both plantar ligaments. On CT used as diagnostic tool, plantar injuries at the basis of the second and the third metatarsal are indirect signs of violation of the ligaments and represent an indication for surgical treatment. When using magnetic resonance imaging as diagnostic tool, a ruptured Lisfranc ligament alone without dislocation does not necessarily need surgical intervention
Fingertip traumatic amputations in children. Treatment with semiocclusive foil dressings-preliminary results
Full text linkIntroduction: Traumatic fingertip amputations in childhood constitute 2% of all hand injuries in individuals under the age of 14. These injuries have a significant impact on the psychological and emotional well-being of both the children and their parents. The treatment is multifactorial, dependent on the severity and location of the injury, and can involve both conservative and surgical approaches.
Materials and Methods: The study involved 6 patients between the ages of 8 and 15 with fingertip amputations of the hand. The average duration of treatment with semi-occlusive dressings was between 3-4 weeks. The dressing was changed once a week, and after the final dressing, the border between the wound surface and healthy skin was treated with epithelializing ointments.
Results: The average duration of treatment was 20-30 days. On average, dressings were changed 3-5 times throughout the treatment period. After the completion of treatment, the pulp had a normal shape, and the cosmetic outcome was excellent. No contractures were observed in the adjacent joints, and the two-point discrimination test had an average value of 2.5 mm.
Discussion: Fingertip amputations present challenging injuries with multiple available treatment strategies. The presented technique is relatively simple to apply, reduces pain and discomfort, and allows direct visualization of the wound surface without the need for frequent dressing changes. Treatment with semi-occlusive dressings is a minimally invasive method, particularly suitable for the pediatric age group.
Conclusion: Treatment of fingertip amputations with semi-occlusive foil dressings offers several advantages in childhood. Regular patient follow-up and cooperation from both the child and the parents are essential prerequisites for successful treatment
Fingertip traumatic amputations in children. Treatment with semiocclusive foil dressings-preliminary results
Full text linkIntroduction: Traumatic fingertip amputations in childhood constitute 2% of all hand injuries in individuals under the age of 14. These injuries have a significant impact on the psychological and emotional well-being of both the children and their parents. The treatment is multifactorial, dependent on the severity and location of the injury, and can involve both conservative and surgical approaches.
Materials and Methods: The study involved 6 patients between the ages of 8 and 15 with fingertip amputations of the hand. The average duration of treatment with semi-occlusive dressings was between 3-4 weeks. The dressing was changed once a week, and after the final dressing, the border between the wound surface and healthy skin was treated with epithelializing ointments.
Results: The average duration of treatment was 20-30 days. On average, dressings were changed 3-5 times throughout the treatment period. After the completion of treatment, the pulp had a normal shape, and the cosmetic outcome was excellent. No contractures were observed in the adjacent joints, and the two-point discrimination test had an average value of 2.5 mm.
Discussion: Fingertip amputations present challenging injuries with multiple available treatment strategies. The presented technique is relatively simple to apply, reduces pain and discomfort, and allows direct visualization of the wound surface without the need for frequent dressing changes. Treatment with semi-occlusive dressings is a minimally invasive method, particularly suitable for the pediatric age group.
Conclusion: Treatment of fingertip amputations with semi-occlusive foil dressings offers several advantages in childhood. Regular patient follow-up and cooperation from both the child and the parents are essential prerequisites for successful treatment
Summer Biomass Variability and Spatial Interactions between European Sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and Moon Jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) in the Western Part of the Black Sea
No full textOver the past few decades, various causal connections between commercial small pelagic fish species and gelatinous zooplankton have been reported in the Black Sea, which affect the pelagic ecosystem. Recently, moon jellyfish regained dominance among gelatinous plankton; however, biomass fluctuations and interactions with small pelagic fish remain poorly understood. During the summers of 2019–2022, scientific pelagic trawl surveys in the Western Black Sea enabled simultaneous monitoring of small pelagic fish biomass, with sprat as the key species and moon jellyfish as an incidental catch. In total, 153 trawl hauls were conducted across four depth strata from 15 to 100 m, and a “swept area” method was used for biomass estimation. The sprat stock biomass ranged from 10,698 to 29,177 t, with an average value of 19,432 ± 4834 t. The total biomass of moon jellyfish was 2002 ± 868.73 t, and dense aggregations were observed in the coastal waters during certain years. Two scenarios of spatial interactions between planktivorous species were identified and linked to the formation of A. aurita aggregations. We found that changes in jellyfish density were associated with weak-to-moderate effects on the spatial distribution of sprat assemblages in coastal areas
- …
