122,168 research outputs found
Paraphyonus rassi
No full textParaphyonus rassi (Nielsen, 1975) Table 1, Figs. 1, 12 Aphyonus rassi Nielsen, 1975: 350 (type locality 12°59’N, 62°59’W). Paraphyonus rassi: Nielsen 2015: 339. Material examined. (4 specimens, 85–109 mm SL) NMV A 31819 -003, male, 103 mm SL, off Newcastle, NSW, 33°26.10’S, 152°39.90’E, RV Investigator, st. IN2017_VO3/065, beam trawl, 4173–4280 m, 30 May 2017. CSIRO H 8125-02 (GenBank Accession MH 491989), female, 109 mm SL, Hunter Commonwealth Marine Reserve, NSW, 32°08.28’S, 153°31.62’E, RV Investigator, st. IN2017_ V03 /078, beam trawl, 3980–4029 m, 4 June 2017. CSIRO H 8132-01, 2 males, 85–101 mm SL (GenBank Accessions MH 491992 and MH 491993, respectively), east of Moreton Bay, Qld, 27°00.47’S, 154°13.39’E, RV Investigator, st. IN2017_ V03 /102, beam trawl, 4274– 4264 m, 10 June 2017. Diagnosis. Paraphyonus rassi differs from the other species of the genus by the black pigmentation laterally in the roof of the mouth distinctly visible externally and only 3–4 developed rakers on the anterior gill arch. Size. Largest known specimen (109 mm SL) is a ripe female with eggs ca. 1 mm in diameter. Distribution (Fig. 1). Known from four specimens in the West Atlantic (2610–4400 m), from two in the East Atlantic (4415 m) and now from four specimens off NSW and southern Qld (3980–4280 m). Remarks. The comparison in Table 1 between the present four specimens and the six earlier known specimens all from the Atlantic Ocean (Nielsen 2015) shows close agreement between the specimens from the two areas. One of the six specimens was originally tentatively identified as P. rassi due to differences in number of rays in dorsal and anal fins, number of vertebrae and length between base of pelvic fins and anal fin. However, the present material levels out the differences in number of fin rays and vertebrae. Consequently, there seems no longer any reason for considering the specimen tentatively identified.Published as part of Nielsen, Jørgen G., Pogonoski, John J. & Appleyard, Sharon A., 2019, Aphyonid-clade species of Australia (Teleostei, Bythitidae) with four species new to Australian waters and a new species of Barathronus, pp. 554-572 in Zootaxa 4564 (2) on pages 567-568, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.2.12, http://zenodo.org/record/258900
Lycenchelys rassi Andriashev 1955
No full textLycenchelys rassi Andriashev, 1955 (Japanese name: Rasu-hebigenge) (Figs. 26–31; Table 7) Lycenchelys rassi Andriashev, 1955: 359, figs. 2, 5, 6 (original description, type locality: east coast of Sakhalin Island, Sea of Okhotsk); Andriashev, 1958:172 (description); Peden, 1973: 115, fig. 1, table 1 (description); Toyoshima, 1983: 269, 332, pl. 155 (description); Toyoshima, 1984: 293, pl. 274-B (brief description); Toyoshma, 1985: 149, 173, figs. 6–7, 28, 31, tables 1, 4 (description); Hatooka, 1993: 902, unnumbered fig. (key to species); Anderson, 1994: 113, 117 (species list); Amaoka et al., 1995: 240, pl. 403 (brief description); Anderson, 1995: 98, fig. 15 (description); Koyanagi, 1997: 538, fig. 4 (brief description); Hatooka, 2000: 1033, unnumbered fig. (keys to species); Mecklenburg et al., 2002: 703, unnumbered figs. (brief description); Hatooka, 2002: 1033, unnumbered fig. (keys to species); Anderson & Fedorov, 2004: 19 (species list); Shinohara & Anderson, 2007: 64 (key to species); Amaoka et al., 2011: 316, unnumbered fig. (brief description); Balushkin et al., 2011: 981, 1024 (catalog of specimens); Hatooka, 2013: 1226, unnumbered fig. (key to species); Nakabo & Hirashima, 2015: 217 (species list and etymology of scientific name). Materials examined Holotype: ZIN 32962, female, 190.6 mm SL, off eastern Sakhalin Island, Okhotsk Sea (54°28’N, 145°21.6’E), 1500 m depth, R/V Vityaz. Other specimens (57 specimens): HUMZ 77747, 119939, 120328, 120330, 120347 –49, 121156, 121451, 121458 –59, 121464, 126117–22, 126185, 126187–93, 126195–96, 126198, 126200–05, 126211, 126252, 126257, 126367–75, 126377–86, 28 males and 29 females, 93.5–239.7 mm SL, northeastern Hokkaido Island, Okhotsk Sea. Diagnosis. Vertebrae 23–25 + 98–109 = 122–134; head length 13.3–16.4% SL; interorbital pore 1; occipital pores 2; postorbital pores usually 4; suborbital pores usually 7 + 1; preoperculomandibular pores usually 8; vomerine teeth 3–11; palatine teeth 3–10, usually arranged in single row (sometimes 1–2 rows); opercular flap absent; pelvic-fin base positioned below lower edge of gill opening; lateral line complete and positioned ventrally; scales present or absent on pectoral fin and absent on its base; body uniformly grayish brown when fresh. Description. Counts and proportional measurements in Table 7. Body very elongate, cross section oval anteriorly, compressed laterally near tail; its width at anal-fin origin 2.5–4.8% SL (unknown for holotype). Head moderately long, ovoid; dorsal profile of head sloping extremely gently from posterior edge of eye to above about last postorbital pore. Cheek swollen in some males. Head in adults slightly longer in males than females. Snout short, 90.0–176.1 (141.3)% of eye diameter. Eye ovoid, moderately large. Interorbital space narrow, width 17.9–36.4 (19.0)% of eye diameter. Nostril tube long, reaching upper lip when depressed. Mouth subterminal. Posterior edge of upper jaw reaching vertical through middle to posterior part of eye in adult males, reaching vertical through anterior margin to middle of eye in females and juveniles (middle of eye). Labial lobe of lower jaw developed. Teeth on jaws sharp; upper jaw usually with 2 rows, rarely 3 rows (unknown for holotype) anteriorly, single row posteriorly; anteriormost teeth larger than other teeth; lower jaw with 2–5 irregular rows anteriorly, 1 or 1–2 rows posteriorly (unknown for holotype); vomerine and palatine teeth small and conical; vomerine teeth irregularly arranged; palatine teeth usually in single row, sometimes 1–2 rows (no data for holotype). Lower edge of gill opening slightly above lower end of pectoral-fin base. Opercular flap absent (Fig. 31A, B). Gill rakers short; those on upper limb triangular, many triangular and some blunt on lower limb (Fig. 27). Pseudobranch filaments short. Lateral line deciduous, complete and positioned ventrally; originating posterior to last postorbital pore and terminating on tail. Scales small and cycloid, present on body and tail, except head, nape, pectoral-fin base and area around pelvic fin. Scales covering basal portions of dorsal and anal fins anteriorly; extent of scaled areas gradually increasing posteriorly, except at margins. Scales present or absent on pectoral axilla and basal portions of lower pectoral-fin rays (absent). ....Continued next page Dorsal-fin origin above middle of pectoral fin; 1st dorsal-fin pterygiophore between neural spines of 4th to 6th (between 5th and 6th) vertebrae. Anal-fin origin below 17th to 20th (19th) dorsal-fin ray; 1st anal-fin pterygiophore posterior to parapophysis of ultimate or penultimate (penultimate) abdominal vertebra. Last dorsal-fin pterygiophore between neural spines of 3rd to 5th (between 3rd and 4th) preural vertebrae. Last anal-fin pterygiophore between hemal spines of 2nd to 5th (between 2nd and 3rd) preural vertebrae. Caudal fin with 1–2 (2) epural, 4–5 (4) upper hypural and 3–4 (3) lower hypural rays. Pectoral fin moderately short, reaching to about middle of abdomen; its posterior margin notched. Upper end of pectoral-fin base about on lateral midline of body. Pelvic fin short; its base at about lower edge of gill opening; its posterior margin not quite reaching pectoral-fin base. Head pores well developed and distinct. Nasal pores 2; anterior pore in front of nostril tube, posterior pore above 1st suborbital pore (Fig. 29A, B). Postorbital pores usually 4 (4), rarely 3; when 4, distance between 2nd and 3rd pores longest of those between adjacent pores; when 3, 2nd pore absent (Fig. 29A, B). Suborbital pores usually 8 (8), rarely 7 or 9; when 8, 7 pores below eye and last behind eye; when 9, 8 pores below eye and remaining pore behind eye, or 7 pores below eye and last 2 pores on ascending part of suborbital canal behind eye; 6th and 7th pores united into 1 pore on right side of HUMZ 126384 and counted as 7; 4th pore below vertical through anterior margin of eye; last pore of those below eye posterior to posterior margin of eye (Fig. 29A). Preoperculomandibular pores usually 8 (8), rarely 7 or 9; 4 on lower jaw, 1 at junction of lower jaw and preopercle, and 3 on preopercle; pore at junction of lower jaw and preopercle separated into 2 pores in some specimens and counted as 9; 1st and 2nd pores united into 1 pore on right side of HUMZ 126382, 126378 and 126211, 3rd and 4th pores united into 1 pore on left side of HUMZ 126205, and 4th and 5th pores united into 1 pore on left side of HUMZ 126382 and counted as 7; last preoperculomandibular pore posterior to lower margin of eye (Fig. 29A, C). One interorbital pore on dorsal midline anterior to middle of eyes (Fig. 29B). Occipital pores 2, positioned on either side of dorsal midline; occipital pores located anterior to 3rd postorbital pore (Fig. 29B). Color in alcohol. Holotype (based on color photograph; Fig. 28) with uniformly brown head, body and vertical fins, slightly darker pectoral fin and margin of vertical fins, dark brown opercular region and purplish gray abdomen. Most other specimens similar to holotype, and some uniformly paler than holotype. Color when fresh (based on color photograph of HUMZ 119939; Fig. 26). Head purplish brown; body and vertical fins uniformly grayish brown; margin of vertical fins dark brown; opercular region and pectoral fin blackish; abdomen purplish. Distribution. Okhotsk Sea to the eastern Bering Sea, at depths of 895–1805 m (Andriashev, 1955, 1958; Peden, 1973; Toyoshima, 1983, 1984, 1985; Anderson, 1994, 1995; Amaoka et al., 1995, 2011; Koyanagi, 1997; Hatooka, 2000, 2002, 2013; Mecklenburg et al., 2002; Anderson & Fedorov, 2004; Shinohara & Anderson, 2007; Balushkin et al., 2011; this study). Size. The largest specimen examined during this study measured 239.7 mm SL (242.9 mm TL), slightly exceeding the previously recorded maximum length of 24 cm TL (Amaoka, 2011; Hatooka, 2013). Remarks. Lycenchelys rassi resembles L. hippopotamus, L. makushok and L. melanostomias in having more than 100 total vertebrae, 1 interorbital pore, 2 occipital pores, 3–4 postorbital pores, a single ventrally positioned lateral line and no distinct spots or blotches on the body (vs. lacking this combination of characters in other species of Lycenchelys) (e.g., Andriashev, 1955; Toyoshima, 1983, 1985; Fedorov & Andriashev, 1993; Hatooka, 1993, 2000, 2002, 2013; Anderson, 1995; this study). See Remarks under accounts for L. hippopotamus and L. makushok for detailed comparisons of L. melanostomias with those two species. Although L. rassi has been previously compared with L. melanostomias (Toyoshima, 1983, 1985; Hatooka, 1993, 2000, 2002, 2013; Anderson, 1995; Shinohara & Anderson, 2007), this study found most characters considered to be useful for separating them as not valid for doing so. For example, Anderson (1995) redescribed L. rassi based on 6 specimens and claimed that L. rassi is readily separable from L. melanostomias by the following 5 characters: 3–4 postorbital, 7 + 1 or 8 + 1 suborbital and 8 preoperculomandibular pores (vs. 5, 7 + 2 and 9 pores in L. melanostomias), dorsal-fin origin associated with 5th vertebra (vs. 2nd), and stomach pale (vs. black). However, this study found the interspecific variation in the 5 characters mentioned above to be 3–4 postorbital, 7–8 + 1–2 suborbital and 7–9 preoperculomandibular pores, and 1st dorsal-fin pterygiophore located between neural spines of 4th to 6th vertebrae in L. rassi vs. 4–5, 6–7 + 2–3 and 8–9 pores, and 2nd to 5th vertebrae respctively in L. melanostomias, and the stomach in some alcohol preserved specimens of L. melanostomias is pale. See also Imamura et al. (2004) for color of stomach in the holotype of L. melanostomias. In addition, the number of total vertebrae and the length of the head, which were described as being different between L. rassi and L. melanostomias in recently published papers (Shinohara & Anderson, 2007; Hatooka, 2013), are also insufficient to clearly separate them (total vertebrae 122–134 vs. 117–124 and head length 13.3–16.4% SL vs. 11.6–15.0% SL, respectively) (Anderson, 1995; Imamura et al., 2004, 2005; this study). Therefore, these two species cannot always be separated using previously recognized diagnostic characters. This study distinguishes L. rassi from L. melanostomias by the presence or absence of the opercular flap. All specimens of L. rassi observed in this study lack the opercular flap (Fig. 31A, B), while it is present in all specimens of L. melanostomias examined (Fig. 31C, D). The absence of the opercular flap is rare in species of Lycenchelys, and Andriashev (1955) and Toyoshima (1985) started that the absence of the opercular flap is one of the characters differing between L. rassi and its congeners [vs. L. hippopotamus in Andriashev (1955) and vs. L. brevimaxillaris in Toyoshima (1985)]. Until now, the condition of the opercular flap has not been compared between L. rassi and L. melanostomias. This study concludes that the absence of the opercular flap is very valuable for separating L. rassi from L. melanostomias because it is easy to observe and there is no intraspecific variation in both species. Lycenchelys rassi is further distinguished from L. melanostomias by their different arrangements of the postorbital pores. In specimens having 4 postorbital pores, the typical condition in both species, the distance between the 2nd and 3rd pores is much greater in L. rassi (11.8–18.2% HL) than in L. melanostomias (4.1–9.2% HL) (Fig. 30). This difference is due to the positions of the 2nd pores; the 2nd pore emanates from the sphenotic and 3rd pore from the pterotic in L. rassi, while both pores emanates from the pterotic in L. melanostomias.Published as part of Kawarada, Shumpei, Imamura, Hisashi, Narimatsu, Yoji & Shinohara, Gento, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the genus Lycenchelys (Osteichthyes: Zoarcidae) in Japanese waters, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 4762 (1) on pages 32-35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4762.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/374369
Comparative study between two recombinant human insulins NPH in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
No full textBackground: The number of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Brazil
has, in recent decades, increased substantially and insulin therapy is often necessary
in a large portion of this population in order to achieve appropriate glycemic control.
Objective: To evaluate glycemic control achieved with recombinant human insulin
NPH - Gansulin and compares it with human NPH insulin - Humulin N® in patients
with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Subjects and methods: A prospective, double-blind,
randomized, parallel, single center with 37 individuals with type 2 diabetes using
insulin NPH insulin. For statistical analyzes were used: the multiple comparison test
of Tukey-Kramer test, Wilcoxon paired comparison test and Chi- Square. It was
regarded level of significance value lower than 5% (p<0.05). Results: Insulins NPH
and Humulin Gansulin showed similar reductions in HbA1c at the end of the study
compared to baseline. Initial HbA1c 7.91% in the Humulin group was reduced to
6.56% (p<0.001) at the end of the study whereas in the Gansulin the glycated
hemoglobin was reduced from 8.18% to 6.65% (p<0.001). At the end of the study
there was no significant difference between the glycated hemoglobin levels
(p=0.2410), fasting blood glucose (p=0.9257) and glucose at bedtime (p=0.3906)
between the two types of insulin. Regarding the number of hypoglycemic events,
there was no significant difference between the two insulins and no severe
hypoglycemic episodes were recorded. Conclusion: The NPH Gansulin (Insuneo
N®) presented glycemic control similar to that presented by human insulin Humulin
N® in patients with DM2. It was considered level of significance value less than 5%.Fundamento: O número de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) no Brasil
tem, nas últimas décadas, aumentado substancialmente e a terapia insulínica é
necessária em uma grande parcela desta população com a finalidade de adquirir
controle glicêmico adequado. Objetivo: Avaliar o controle glicêmico obtido com a
insulina humana recombinante NPH – Gansulin e compará-la com o da insulina
humana NPH – Humulin N® em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2).
Sujeitos e métodos: Estudo prospectivo, duplo cego, randomizado, paralelo e
monocêntrico com 37 indivíduos portadores de diabetes tipo 2, em uso de insulina
NPH. Para as análises estatísticas foram utilizados: o teste de comparações
múltiplas de Tukey-Kramer, o teste de comparação pareada de Wilcoxon e o teste
Chi-Square. Foi considerado como nível de significância o valor inferior a 5%
(p<0,05). Resultados: As insulinas NPH Humulin e Gansulin apresentaram
reduções semelhantes da HbA1c ao final do estudo, quando comparadas aos
valores iniciais. A HbA1c inicial de 7,91% do grupo Humulin foi reduzida para 6,56%
(p<0,001), enquanto que na do Gansulin, a redução foi de 8,18% para 6,65%
(p<0,001). Ao final do estudo não houve diferença significativa entre os valores de
hemoglobina glicada (p=0,2410), glicemia jejum (p=0,9257) e glicemia ao deitar
(p=0,3906) entre os dois tipos de insulina. Em relação ao número de eventos
hipoglicêmicos, não se observou diferença significativa entre as duas insulinas e não
foram registrados episódios hipoglicêmicos graves. Conclusão: A insulina NPH
Gansulin apresentou controle glicêmico semelhante ao apresentado pela insulina
humana Humulin N® em pacientes com DM2
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Friends or foes? Lebanese youth perceptions of the Palestinians in Lebanon from a transitional justice perspective - by Rima Sleiman Rassi
No full textThesis (M.A.)--American University of Beirut, Dept. of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2008.;"Advisor : Dr. Sari Hanafi, Associate Professor, Social and Behavioral Sciences--Member of Committee : Dr. Bashar Haydar, Associate Professor, Philosophy--MemberBibliography : leaves 136-140.The issue of the Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon has been addressed quite thorou ghly throughout the academic literature. With topics ranging from the Palestinia n refugees' unique socio-political circumstances in Lebanon to detailed descript ions of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and CASSCF/CASPT2/RASSI Study of La<sub><i>n</i></sub><sup>–</sup> (<i>n</i> = 1, 3–7)
No full textWe
present a combined experimental and theoretical study of small
lanthanum clusters. The experimental photoelectron spectra of La<sub><i>n</i></sub><sup>–</sup> (<i>n</i> =
1, 3–7) were obtained using negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy.
Electron affinities for these clusters were found to be in a range
of 0.49 eV (La) to 1.5 eV (La<sub>7</sub>). Our computational <i>tour de force</i> in exploring the electronic structure and
its consequences for the lanthanum atom and its anion as well as for
lanthanum trimer and its anion shows the multiconfigurational method
and large basis set with spin–orbit corrections: CASSCF/CASPT2/RASSI/ANO-RCC-L
level of theory is needed to reproduce experimental accuracy. The
most stable structure for La<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup> was established
to be an equilateral triangle (<sup>1</sup>A<sub>1</sub>′).
Chemical bonding analysis of the La<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup> global minimum reveals that this is the first experimentally observed
species with d-AO double σ and π aromaticity
Dissipative Range Scaling of Higher Order Structure Functions for Velocity and Passive Scalars
No full textDifferently to Kolmogorov's second similarity hypothesis, we find that the 2n-th order velocity and scalar structure functions scale with n-th order moment of the energy dissipation and the scalar dissipation, respectively. The origins of this scaling are analyzed by the transport equations of the fourth order velocity and scalar increment moments and by direct numerical simulations
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