213 research outputs found
The investigation of the stability of ruthenium based photocatalysts using HPLC, NMR and UV visible techniques
No full textIn this thesis, the use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the analysis,
assessment and characterisation of photocatalytic behaviour. The Ru(II) compounds are
coordinated at peripheral ligands to create at Ru(II) centre, while bridging ligands are used to
connect the ruthenium centre to the Pt catalytic centres in order to create intramolecular
systems. The properties of these platinum-containing compounds were compared with the
mononuclear ruthenium precursor, without a platinum centre, in terms of photostability and
catalytic activity. These intramolecular platinum containing compounds are aimed at create
photocatalysts in combination with terminal halogen atoms (iodide or chloride). UV-vis
absorption and 1H-NMR analysis were carried out to provide further detailed qualitative and
structural information as a result of the photocatalytic experiments terminal, halogen atoms
(iodide or chloride) and range of techniques where discussed, to provide further detailed and
structural information. UV-vis absorption and 1H-NMR analysis were carried out to provide
further detailed information about the possible chemical changes taking place after
irradiation as a result of the photocatalytic experiments.
In Chapter 1, a number of relevant topics are discussed and the studies presented in this
thesis in order to explain our research targets and experimental techniques.
In Chapter 2, the introduction to HPLC, analytical HPLC, HPLC setup, mobile phases and
UV-Vis Spectroscopy used and 1H NMR spectroscopy are discussed and sample
preparation for photoanalysis with TEA and without TEA were explained.
In Chapter 3 stability towards visible light by the complexes [(bpy)2Ru(2,3dpp)]2+ (A-I),
[(bpy)2Ru(2,3dpp)PtCl2]
2+ (A-II), and [(bpy)2Ru(2,3dpp)PtI2]
2+ (A-III) were carried out.
Without TEA all three compounds the compounds are mostly photostable, but in the
presence of TEA decomposition of the compounds is observed. In Chapter 4, for the
compounds [(phen)2Ru(2,3dpp)]2+ (B-I), [(phen)2Ru(2,3dpp)PtCl2]
2+ (B-II), and
[(phen)2Ru(2,3dpp)PtI2]
2+
(B-III), compounds B-I and B-II are photostable and B-III is
partially photostable. In the presence of TEA, changes in the coordination of the bridging
ligands are observed. In Chapter 5 compounds [(dceb)2Ru(2,3dpp)]2+ (C-I),
[(dceb)2Ru(2,3dpp)PtCl2]
2+ (C-II), and [(dceb)2Ru(2,3dpp)PtI2]
2+ (C-III) are discussed. In the
presence of irradiation, compounds C-I and C-III are photoreactive while that compound C-II
is photostable. The stability of irradiation in the presence of TEA compounds C-I, C-II and CIII are degrading fast. In Chapter 6 a general overview of the work carried out is discussed
ICT for Development: Value Sensitive Design & Information Capabilities
No full textValues and TechnologyTechnology, Policy and Managemen
A hybrid semiconductor-glass waveguide laser
No full textWe report on a novel type of laser in which a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) receives frequency-selective feedback from a glass-waveguide circuit. The laser we present here is based on InP for operation in the 1.55 µm wavelength range. The Si3N4/SiO2 glass waveguide circuit comprises two sequential high-Q ring resonators. Adiabatic tapering is used for maximizing the feedback. The laser shows single-frequency oscillation with a record-narrow spectral linewidth of 24 kHz at an output power of 5.7 mW. The hybrid laser can be tuned over a broad range of 46.8 nm (1531 nm to 1577.8 nm). Such InP-glass hybrid lasers can be of great interest in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and as phase reference in optical beam-forming networks (OBFN). The type of laser demonstrated here is also of general importance because it may be applied over a huge wavelength range including the visible, limited only by the transparency of glass (400 nm to 2.35 µm).Delft Center for Systems and ControlMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin
An evaluation of satellite remote sensing for crop area estimation in the west bank, Palestine
No full textThis thesis investigates the use of field and satellite data for crop area estimation in the northern part of the West Bank, Palestine. The satellite data were obtained by the SPOT HRV on 19 May 1994. The satellite data were geometrically corrected to the Palestine Grid using 1: 50,000 Israeli topographic maps. The study investigated the ability of SPOT HRV data to produce accurate crop area estimation of the northern part of the West Bank that is characterised with small field sizes and complex physical environment. A land cover classification scheme appropriate to the study area was designed. Twenty-three land cover classes were produced from the SPOT HRV classification. Land cover classes were developed to produce thematic land use classes. The classification accuracy obtained from SPOT HRV image classification was 81%. Classification results were assessed by using the known land use information obtained from the field during the training stage and the field sampling survey. The study area was divided into five strata and the field survey was conducted by applying a stratified random sampling methodology. Seventy three 1 km(^2) sample units were randomly chosen and surveyed by the author using maps, aerial photographs, satellite photographs, a questionnaire, camera photographs, and sketches. The field area measurements were taken and the final hectarage estimates were obtained for each crop type. The SPOT HRV and the field data were combined in regression analysis using a double sampling method and a hectarage estimate was produced for each crop in the study area. The results obtained showed that the regression estimator was more efficient than the field estimator and a gain in precision was achieved. The results were analysed on stratum and crop type basis. Remote sensing and thematic agricultural perspectives were used in the analysis. Results of the study suggest that it is possible to improve image classification accuracy by using better spatial and spectral resolution imagery and the integration of remote sensing data with agricultural data using the Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
Agents of responsibility: Freelance web developers in web applications development
No full textMuch of the literature on responsibility in the IT field addresses the responsibilities of members of the IT profession. In this paper, we investigate to what extent the responsibilities associated with computing practitioners apply to freelance web developers. The relevant moral question is not “can freelancers be considered as professionals?”, but “are they agents of responsibility and can they cause harm”? It is obvious that they can. To justify this claim we will take the case of using free malicious code by freelance web developers and show how their actions or omissions may cause harm to the users, clients and others. We will then identify different types of responsibilities and relationships, which can be associated with freelance web.Department of PhilosophyTechnology, Policy and Managemen
ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИАЛОГ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ И КОРОЛЕВСТВА САУДОВСКАЯ АРАВИЯ
No full textEnergy dialogue between Russia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia became an issue of current importance in many respects, due to transformation of the whole system of international relations in the Middle East, caused by several military and political crises as well as the new political and military role assumed by Russia in Syrian crisis settlement. The energy dialogue between the two oil-producing countries is considered as one of the key mechanisms promoting crises settlement in the Middle East, regulating disputable issues in energy pricing and as adjusting infrastructure, social and environmental problems in the region. The author’s position is that international relations are not a “zero-sum game”. So, the political will of states to find the compromises contributes to the stabilization of the situation in the Middle East that, in its turn, can provide sustainable social and economic development of Russia and Saudi Arabia. The aim of this article is to identify the features of the energy dialogue between Russia and KSA and to determine the factors affecting it. The author uses methods of the comparative analysis and system approach. This paper analyses the conceptual basis of energy policy of the Russian Federation and Saudi Arabia, international treaties and the functioning of the “OPEC+” format, compare the approaches of Russia and KSA to the formation of the dialogue in the energy sector. The opinions of leading Arab and Russian experts in the energy field are taken into consideration. As a result, the following key features of the energy dialogue between Russia and the KSA were marked out. Firstly, in many aspects it is determined by regional political and military crises and fundamental difference in Russia’s and the KSA’s approaches to the final settlement of the Syrian conflict. Secondly, by introducing the concept of “the alliances overturn” the author draws attention to important changes in the way KSA forms partnership with the USA and Russia. In the context of conceptual changes in KSA’s approach to the strategic partnership with the USA and Russia. Thirdly, the author emphasizes the willingness of the parties to make mutual concessions in matters of principle, such as the conflict in Yemen and Syria. The fourth key feature of the dialogue between Russia and the KSA is using energy as a universal platform to find mutually beneficial solutions in ensuring regional economic security and military and political stability.Актуальность проблематики энергетического диалога Российской Федерации и Королевства Саудовская Аравия (КСА) во многом определяется трансформацией всей системы международных отношений на Ближнем Востоке, вызванной событиями «арабской весны», т.е. чередой региональных военно-политических кризисов, а также военно-политической ролью, взятой на себя Россией в урегулировании конфликта в Сирийской Арабской Республике (САР). Энергетический диалог нефтедобывающих государств рассматривается как один из важных механизмов, способствующих урегулированию кризисов на Ближнем Востоке, разрешению спорных вопросов в сфере ценообразования на энергоресурсы и решению инфраструктурных, социальных и экологических проблем региона. Авторская позиция заключается в том, что международные отношения не являются «игрой с нулевой суммой», и политическая воля государств идти на сближение за счет поиска компромиссов может способствовать стабилизации ситуации в регионе Ближнего и Среднего Востока и стать основой для устойчивого социально-экономического развития и России, и Саудовской Аравии. Целью статьи является выявление особенностей энергетического диалога между Россией и Саудовской Аравией, а также факторов, влияющих на него. Автор прибегает к методам сравнительного анализа и использует системный подход. В работе проанализированы концептуальные основы энергетической политики России и КСА, изучены международные договоры и механизмы функционирования формата «ОПЕК+», сопоставлены подходы Москвы и Эр-Рияда к выстраиванию диалога в энергетической сфере. В работе учтены экспертные оценки ведущих арабских и российских специалистов в области энергетики. В результате проведенного исследования были выявлены следующие ключевые особенности энергодиалога России и КСА. Во-первых, он развивается на фоне региональных военно-политических кризисов и принципиально отличающихся подходов двух стран к урегулированию конфликта в Сирии. Во-вторых, введя термин «переворот союзов», автор обращает внимание на серьезные изменения в выстраивании Саудовской Аравией партнерских отношений с США и Россией. В-третьих, отмечается поиск компромиссов и готовность сторон идти на взаимные уступки в принципиальных вопросах, таких как конфликт в Йемене и Сирии. Еще одной особенностью диалога России и КСА является использование сферы энергетики как универсальной площадки для поиска взаимовыгодных решений в вопросах обеспечения региональной экономической безопасности и военно-политической стабильности
ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИАЛОГ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ И КОРОЛЕВСТВА САУДОВСКАЯ АРАВИЯ
No full textEnergy dialogue between Russia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia became an issue of current importance in many respects, due to transformation of the whole system of international relations in the Middle East, caused by several military and political crises as well as the new political and military role assumed by Russia in Syrian crisis settlement. The energy dialogue between the two oil-producing countries is considered as one of the key mechanisms promoting crises settlement in the Middle East, regulating disputable issues in energy pricing and as adjusting infrastructure, social and environmental problems in the region. The author’s position is that international relations are not a “zero-sum game”. So, the political will of states to find the compromises contributes to the stabilization of the situation in the Middle East that, in its turn, can provide sustainable social and economic development of Russia and Saudi Arabia. The aim of this article is to identify the features of the energy dialogue between Russia and KSA and to determine the factors affecting it. The author uses methods of the comparative analysis and system approach. This paper analyses the conceptual basis of energy policy of the Russian Federation and Saudi Arabia, international treaties and the functioning of the “OPEC+” format, compare the approaches of Russia and KSA to the formation of the dialogue in the energy sector. The opinions of leading Arab and Russian experts in the energy field are taken into consideration. As a result, the following key features of the energy dialogue between Russia and the KSA were marked out. Firstly, in many aspects it is determined by regional political and military crises and fundamental difference in Russia’s and the KSA’s approaches to the final settlement of the Syrian conflict. Secondly, by introducing the concept of “the alliances overturn” the author draws attention to important changes in the way KSA forms partnership with the USA and Russia. In the context of conceptual changes in KSA’s approach to the strategic partnership with the USA and Russia. Thirdly, the author emphasizes the willingness of the parties to make mutual concessions in matters of principle, such as the conflict in Yemen and Syria. The fourth key feature of the dialogue between Russia and the KSA is using energy as a universal platform to find mutually beneficial solutions in ensuring regional economic security and military and political stability.Актуальность проблематики энергетического диалога Российской Федерации и Королевства Саудовская Аравия (КСА) во многом определяется трансформацией всей системы международных отношений на Ближнем Востоке, вызванной событиями «арабской весны», т.е. чередой региональных военно-политических кризисов, а также военно-политической ролью, взятой на себя Россией в урегулировании конфликта в Сирийской Арабской Республике (САР). Энергетический диалог нефтедобывающих государств рассматривается как один из важных механизмов, способствующих урегулированию кризисов на Ближнем Востоке, разрешению спорных вопросов в сфере ценообразования на энергоресурсы и решению инфраструктурных, социальных и экологических проблем региона. Авторская позиция заключается в том, что международные отношения не являются «игрой с нулевой суммой», и политическая воля государств идти на сближение за счет поиска компромиссов может способствовать стабилизации ситуации в регионе Ближнего и Среднего Востока и стать основой для устойчивого социально-экономического развития и России, и Саудовской Аравии. Целью статьи является выявление особенностей энергетического диалога между Россией и Саудовской Аравией, а также факторов, влияющих на него. Автор прибегает к методам сравнительного анализа и использует системный подход. В работе проанализированы концептуальные основы энергетической политики России и КСА, изучены международные договоры и механизмы функционирования формата «ОПЕК+», сопоставлены подходы Москвы и Эр-Рияда к выстраиванию диалога в энергетической сфере. В работе учтены экспертные оценки ведущих арабских и российских специалистов в области энергетики. В результате проведенного исследования были выявлены следующие ключевые особенности энергодиалога России и КСА. Во-первых, он развивается на фоне региональных военно-политических кризисов и принципиально отличающихся подходов двух стран к урегулированию конфликта в Сирии. Во-вторых, введя термин «переворот союзов», автор обращает внимание на серьезные изменения в выстраивании Саудовской Аравией партнерских отношений с США и Россией. В-третьих, отмечается поиск компромиссов и готовность сторон идти на взаимные уступки в принципиальных вопросах, таких как конфликт в Йемене и Сирии. Еще одной особенностью диалога России и КСА является использование сферы энергетики как универсальной площадки для поиска взаимовыгодных решений в вопросах обеспечения региональной экономической безопасности и военно-политической стабильности
The Transformative Influence of Literature on LGBTQ+ Rights Discourse in the Legal Arena
No full textThis research paper investigates the profound and transformative influence of literature on LGBTQ+ rights advocacy within the legal domain. Literature has played a pivotal role in shaping societal attitudes and perceptions of LGBTQ+ individuals, thus catalysing substantial changes in legal frameworks and rights for this marginalized community. Employing an interdisciplinary approach that merges insights from literature, legal studies, and social sciences, this paper examines the historical and contemporary contributions of literature to LGBTQ+ rights discourse. It also highlights key literary works, authors, and their impact on legal developments and social change. By scrutinizing this intersection, the author aims to underscore the indispensable role that literature continues to play in advancing LGBTQ+ rights and fostering social justice
A novel simulated annealing trajectory optimization algorithm in an autonomous UAVs-empowered MFC system for medical internet of things devices
No full textThis article investigates a new autonomous mobile fog computing (MFC) system empowered by multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in order to serve medical Internet of Things devices (MIoTDs) efficiently. The aim of this article is to reduce the energy consumption of the UAVs-empowered MFC system by designing UAVs' trajectories. To construct the trajectories of UAVs, we need to consider not only the order of SPs but also the association among UAVs, SPs, and MIoTDs. The above-mentioned problem is very complicated and is difficult to be handled via applying traditional techniques, as it is NP-hard, nonlinear, non-convex, and mixed-integer. To handle this problem, we propose a novel simulated annealing trajectory optimization algorithm (SATOA), which handles the problem in three phases. First, the deployment (i.e., number and locations) of stop points (SPs) is updated and produced randomly using variable population sizes. Accordingly, MIoTDs are associated with SPs and extra SPs are removed. Finally, a novel simulated annealing algorithm is proposed to optimize UAVs' association with SPs as well as their trajectories. The performance of SATOA is demonstrated by performing various experiments on nine instances with 40 to 200 MIoTDs. The simulation results show that the proposed SATOA outperforms other compared state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of saving energy consumption.The author would like to thank Prince Sultan University for their support. Also, the studies at St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications. prof. M.A. Bonch-Bruevich were supported by the Ministry of Science and High Education of the Russian Federation by the grant 075-15-2022-1137
Genomic regions underlying variation in wattles, horns and supernumerary teats phenotypes in Egyptian goats
No full textGoats play a crucial role in providing humans with various types of valuable products including milk and meat. The underlying genetic mechanisms of important morphological aspects remain largely unknown in goats, highlighting the need for further investigation. A genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was conducted for three morphological phenotypes in Egyptian goats. All animals were genotyped using the Illumina 65K SNP BeadChips. Results of GWAS for wattles identified two significant (P ≤ 1.4x10-6, FDR ≤ 0.05) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 10 within a region (72-74 Mb) containing FMN1 and GREM1 genes that are important for limb development and growth. For horns, three significant SNPs were identified on chromosome 1 (119-131 Mb) harboring candidate genes for embryonic development and tissue differentiation, such as CEP70, DZIP1L, CLDN18, SOX14 and SLC35G2. For supernumerary teats, four significant SNPs located on chromosomes 25 (8.7 Mb), 9 (47.8 Mb), 17 (45.1 Mb) and 28 (6.7 Mb) were identified, harboring candidate genes involved in morphogenesis and reproductive traits such as EMP2, MDN1, PCDH10 and GHITM. This study identified novel candidate genes alongside previously reported ones in other goat breeds, suggesting their potential as candidate genes for the studied traits in Egyptian goats.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
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