12 research outputs found
Termitomyces assamicus (Lyophyllaceae)-A new species of Termitomyces from India
No full textDas, Lakshmi Rupa, Chattopadhyay, Pinaki, Dutta, Arun Kumar, Narzary, Diganta, Rana, Tikam S. (2023): Termitomyces assamicus (Lyophyllaceae)-A new species of Termitomyces from India. Phytotaxa 599 (2): 126-136, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.599.2.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.599.2.
Figure 2 from: Gogoi J, Rana TS (2020) The rediscovery of Uraria lacei Craib (Leguminosae) after 67 years from India. PhytoKeys 160: 99-107. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.160.54237
No full textFigure 2 The first photographs of Uraria lacei Craib A habitat B habit C young panicle D mature panicle E stipules and magnified stem hairs F leaflets G upper surface of leaf H lower surface of leaf I abaxial surface of bract J adaxial surface of bract K rachis and fruit position with magnified hairs of pedicel L flower position on the panicle M single flower N calyx (Safranin stained) O petals–standard, wings, keel (Safranin stained) P androecium with magnified anthers (Safranin stained) Q gynoecium with magnified hairs R single pod S single seed. Scale bars: 2 mm (J, N–Q); 500 µm (S)
Termitomyces assamicus L. R. Das, Narzary, A. K. Dutta 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <i>Termitomyces assamicus</i> L.R. Das, Narzary, A.K. Dutta, <i>sp. nov.</i> Figs. 1 & 2</p> <p>MycoBank MB 848233</p> <p> Etymology:—The specific epithet “ <i>assamicus</i> ” refers to the locality (Assam State) from where the type specimen was collected for the first time.</p> <p> Diagnosis:—Differs from <i>T. clypeatus</i> by having a pileus coloured brownish orange to grey or greyish red, a non-spiniform perforatorium coloured brownish orange to grey or brownish grey to greyish brown, a serrated lamellae edge, a stipe coloured orange grey to greyish orange or cream, a smaller pseudorhiza (70–100 mm long), somewhat larger basidiospores (mean 8.3 × 5.0 μm vs. 6.2 × 3.6 μm in <i>T. clypeatus</i>) shaped ellipsoid, and less broad cheilocystidia (21–36 × 8–16 µm vs. 18–38 × 11–25 μm in <i>T. clypeatus</i>) shaped clavate.</p> <p> <i>Holotype</i>:— INDIA. Assam: Sonitpur District, Tezpur, Ketekibari, 26°38’51.7”N, 92°46’36.6”E, elev. 74.0 m, 25 June 2021, L. R. Das, TMC 92/2021 (GUBH20038).</p> <p> <i>Description</i>:— <b>Pileus</b> 30–76 mm diam., initially conical to campanulate, becoming cuspidate to convex or broadly convex with a conical, pointed perforatorium, not scrobiculate, margin incurved at early stages, later uplifted and frequently rimose, surface brownish orange (5C4) to grey (5B1, 7B1) or greyish red (7B3) with perforatorium coloured brownish orange (5C3) to grey (6D1) or brownish grey (6D2) to greyish brown (7E3), silky fibrillose, often radially striate; context 2–8 mm thick at the center, white. <b>Partial veil</b> absent. <b>Lamellae</b> 2–8 mm broad, free, initially white to pale grey (1B1), becoming pinkish with age, crowded with 1–2 series of lamellulae, margin serrated, concolorous. <b>Stipe</b> 50–100 × 4–6 mm, central, subcylindrical with some specimens showing a slight thickening at the base before tapering to form an underground pseudorhiza, surface orange grey (5B2) to greyish orange (5B3) or cream, fibrillose; context white, solid. <b>Annulus</b> absent. <b>Pseudorhiza</b> 70–100 mm long, cylindrical, surface greyish brown (5D3) to yellowish brown (5E4), radially fibrillose; context white to cream, solid. <b>Odour</b> mushroomy. <b>Taste</b> not recorded.</p> <p> <b>Basidiospores</b> (6.8–)7.5–9.5(–11.3) × (3.5–)4.5–5.3(–7.5) µm [X m = 8.3 ± 1.2 × 5.0 ± 0.8 μm, Q = 1.4–1.9, Q m = 1.7 ± 0.2, n = 30, s = 2 specimens], ellipsoid, 1–2 guttate, thin-walled. <b>Basidia</b> 20–26 × 6–11 μm, clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, 4-spored. <b>Basidioles</b> 16–20 × 8–11 µm, clavate, hyaline, thin-walled. <b>Cheilocystidia</b> 21–36 × 8–16 µm, clavate, granules present, thin-walled. <b>Pleurocystidia</b> 23–32 × 12–23 µm, broadly clavate to pyriform, hyaline with KOH, thin-walled. <b>Pileipellis</b> a cutis, hyphae 14–50 × 5–9 µm cylindrical, sometimes branched, pale grey with KOH, thin-walled. <b>Lamellae trama</b> hyphae 5–10 µm broad, pale grey with KOH, thin-walled. <b>Stipitipellis</b> hyphae 2–4 µm broad, pale grey with KOH, regular, thin-walled.</p> <p> <i>Ecology and distribution</i>:—Terrestrial; solitary, scattered or in a group, on moist soil in association with termite nests. Known only from Assam, North East India.</p> <p> <i>Additional specimens examined</i>:— INDIA. Assam: Sonitpur District, Tezpur, Ketekibari, 26°38’51.8”N, 92°46’36.4”E, elev. 74.0 m, 06 July 2021, L. R. Das, TMC 94/2021 (GUBH20039).</p> Molecular analyses <p>The ITS-rDNA dataset was used to estimate the phylogenetic relationships between the chosen species (Fig. 3). There were 41 sequences and 703 characters in the alignment, with 456 unique alignment patterns and 21.20 percent gap. In the alignment, pair-wise substitution rates recorded were: AC = 1.226837, AG = 2.511242, AT = 1.268418, CG = 0.751539, CT = 3.048358, GT = 1.000000; while the base frequencies of A, C, G, and T were 0.214423, 0.229144, 0.227104, and 0.329329, respectively. Alpha, the shape parameter of the gamma distribution, was equal to 0.707354, and the tree length was 1.714454.</p> <p>Only the best ML tree with an optimization likelihood value of -4523.132735 is shown (Fig. 3), and support values recovered from ML (MLBS 50%) and BA (PP 0.50) are reported. The phylogenetic tree that was recovered from the RAxML and the Bayesian analyses showed that they were almost identical in topology.</p> <p> Pairwise comparisons of aligned, overlapping ITS-rDNA sequences of the newly described taxon, <i>T. assamicus</i> (GenBank accession no. OQ346313 and OQ976999), with the top ten BLAST results indicate highest similarity with two earlier deposited sequences from India [GenBank MK743976 (99.8% similarity; query coverage 99%) and MK743955 (99.6% similarity; query coverage 99%] both of which were named after <i>T. medius</i> voucher BUMR07 and <i>T. entolomoides</i> voucher BUMR06, respectively. A similar result was also observed in the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 3), where, <i>T</i>. <i>assamicus</i> clustered with both the sequences of <i>T</i>. <i>medius</i> and <i>T</i>. <i>entolomoides</i> with strong support values (100% BS, 1.00 PP). <i>Termitomyces assamicus</i> is resolved sister to a cluster containing the taxa like <i>T. clypeatus</i> and <i>T</i>. <i>intermedius</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Das, Lakshmi Rupa, Chattopadhyay, Pinaki, Dutta, Arun Kumar, Narzary, Diganta & Rana, Tikam S., 2023, Termitomyces assamicus (Lyophyllaceae) - A new species of Termitomyces from India, pp. 126-136 in Phytotaxa 599 (2)</i> on pages 129-131, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.599.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8008984">http://zenodo.org/record/8008984</a>
Molecular analyses of genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship in Indian soap nut ( Sapindus L.) and closely related taxa of the family Sapindaceae
No full textScreening of cryptogamic secondary metabolites as putative inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and ribosomal binding domain of spike glycoprotein by molecular docking and molecular dynamics approaches
No full textThe unprecedented quick spreading of newly emerged SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for causing COVID-19 has put the whole world in vast crisis. Several prophylactic interventions are being performed to discover the effective anti-COVID-19 agent. Thus, the present study aims to identify the cryptogamic secondary metabolites (CSMs) as potent inhibitors of two major targets of SARS-Cov2, namely 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro ) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike glycoprotein (SGP), by implementing a computational approach. Molecular docking was carried out on Autodock 4.2 software with the 3CLpro (PDB ID:6LU7) and RBD of SGP (PDB ID:6W41) of the virus. Lopinavir and Arbidol were taken as positive controls to compare the efficacy of randomly selected 53 CSMs. The drug-likeness and pharmacokinetics properties of all metabolites were accessed to discern the anti-COVID 19 activity acting well at the physiological conditions. The docking results predicted that Marchantin E and Zeorin would potentially block the catalytic site of 3CLpro with the interaction energy values of -8.42 kcal/mol and -9.04 kcal/mol, respectively. In addition, Usnic acid revealed its ability to combat the interaction of RBD of SGP to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 in docking analysis. To certify the potent metabolites for both targets of SARS-CoV-2, MD analysis was performed for 100 ns. The results confirmed that Marchantin E could inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and RBD of SGP as well as reveals excellent pharmacokinetic properties. The present study suggests that the identified CSMs could be quickly positioned for further experimental validation to propose promising inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2
Easy assessment of diversity in Jatropha curcas L. plants using two single-primer amplification reaction (SPAR) methods
No full textJatropha curcas L. (physic nut) has drawn attention in recent years as a source of seed oil that can provide an economically viable substitute for diesel. Very little work on provenance trials and genetic resources of J. curcas L. has been reported so far. Though J. curcas grows widely in India and several collections of the plant are also maintained, pedigree and provenance records are not always available. This article reports our studies on the diversity amongst the accessions of J. curcas L., both amongst already held collections as well as from a few locations in the wild. Two single-primer amplification reaction (SPAR) methods were used for this purpose. The accessions from the North East were most distant from all other accessions in UPGMA analysis. The NBRI, Bhubaneshwar and Lalkuan accessions were more related to each other. The UPGMA tree clearly shows well-separated accession groups: NBRI, Bhubaneshwar, North East, Lalkuan and Outgroup. The study suggests that this relatively recently introduced plant species shows adequate genetic diversity in India and that the SPAR methods are useful for a rapid assessment of the same. The methods provide important tools for analyzing the diversity within the available collections to shortlist the parental lines for adaptability trials and further improvement of Jatropha plants
Molecular analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in Everniastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) Hale (Parmeliaceae) in India
No full textChemical variability in gymnemagenin, deacyl gymnemic acid, lupeol and stigmasterol of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. populations in India
No full text761-769Variability in chemical composition of Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. (Apocynaceae) sampled from different bio-geographical regions of India was investigated. The impact of geographic conditions on gymnemagenin, deacylgymnemic acid, lupeol and stigmasterol content variability was studied by using chromatographic analysis. HPLC analyses showed gymnemagenin and deacylgymnemic acid content to vary between 10.19-23.38 μg/mg and 4.70-35.42 μg/mg (w/w dry weight plant material) respectively, while lupeol and stigmasterol were found to range from 0.57 to 10.8 μg/mg and 0.25 to 15.6 μg/mg (w/w in methanolic extract) respectively, by HPTLC. Taking into account the importance of geographical origin and climatic conditions that significantly affect the production and accumulation of secondary metabolites, the selected accessions/germplasms of G. sylvestre with high concentration of biologically potential phytoconstituents could be useful to industries for harvesting optimum levels of bioactive antidiabetic agent gymnemic acids and other sterols. These elite accessions/germplasms could be promoted and used for mass propagation and cultivation to ensure sustained supply of quality raw material for herbal drug industries, companies and entrepreneurs involved in the profession of medicinal plants and as secondary source of income generation to farmers
