1,721,003 research outputs found
Symmetric patterns with different luminance polarity (anti-symmetry) generate an automatic response in extrastriate cortex
Get PDFThe role of gender and academic degree on preference for smooth curvature of abstract shapes
Get PDFBackground. Preference for smooth contours occurs for a variety of visual stimuli. However, there are individual differences. Openness to experience, a trait associated with aesthetic appreciation, emotional sensitivity and abstract thinking, correlates with this preference. The evaluation of meaningless stimuli entails automatic associations influenced by knowledge, intellectual interests and individual experiences which are diverse. However, it is difficult to capture this variability in studies restricted to Undergraduate students in Psychology with a prevalence of female participants. Methods. Here we examined preference for curvature with 160 undergraduate students in Psychology, Mathematics, Engineering and Computer Science, balanced for gender. Participants viewed abstract shapes varying for contour (angular vs. curved). The shapes presented variations in Vertices (10, 20, 30) and Concavity (30%, 40%, 50%) to increase complexity. Participants rated how much they liked each shape on a 0 (dislike) to 100 (like) scale. Furthermore, because students in pure Science disciplines present autistic- like traits as measured with the Autism Quotient (AQ), and there is evidence that individuals with autism respond positively to edgy abstract shapes, participants also completed the AQ. Results. Overall participants preferred curved shapes to angular shapes. We confirmed past research showing that complexity played a key role, with simple shapes with less vertices (10 vertices) being preferred over shapes with larger number of vertices (20 and 30 vertices). Furthermore, simple shapes (10 vertices) were preferred more with more concavities (50%). Importantly, an interaction between academic degree and gender revealed that preference for smooth curvature was stronger for Psychology female participants. Science students scored higher than Psychology students on the AQ. Interestingly, multilevel analyses showed that the variability of AQ traits in the sample did not contribute to this interaction. The results are discussed in relation to theories of preference formation and individual differences
Geometry and facies of small, fault controlled deep sea fan system in a trasgressive depositional setting (Tertiary Piedmont Basin, North Western Italy)
No full textSource dipole analysis reveals a new brain response to visual symmetry
Get PDFVisual regularity activates a network of brain regions in the extrastriate cortex. Previous EEG studies have found that this response scales parametrically with proportion of symmetry in symmetry + noise displays. The parametric symmetry response happens in many tasks, but it is enhanced during active regularity discrimination. However, the origins and time course of this selective enhancement are unclear. Here we answered remaining questions with new source dipole analysis. As assumed, the parametric symmetry response found at the sensor level was generated by a pair of dipoles in the left and right extrastriate cortex. This bilateral activity was itself enhanced during regularity discrimination. However, we identified a third, and later, symmetry response in the posterior cingulate during regularity discrimination. Unlike the extrastriate response, this previously unknown activation only indexes strong, task relevant regularity signals. This clarifies the neural circuits which mediate the perceptual and cognitive aspects of symmetry discrimination
Responses to symmetry measured with a series of implicit association tests
No full textIn previous work, we studied preference for symmetrical abstract patterns with the Implicit Association Test (IAT). On some trials, participants saw positive or negative words and classified them as quickly as possible. On interleaved trials, they saw reflection or random patterns and again had to classify them quickly using the same buttons. As expected, participants were faster in congruent trials (symmetry and positive, random and negative) than in incongruent trials (symmetry and negative, random and positive). In this study we included different dimensions (multidimensional IAT: Gattol, Sääksjärvi, & Carbon, 2011, PLoS ONE, 6, e15849), in addition to valence we looked at the relation between symmetry/random and arousal, complexity, and numerosity. Results showed a strong association between symmetry and positive valence (positive D scores based on t test), but also an association between symmetry and words higher in arousal. There was also a significant but weaker association between symmetry and simplicity. Finally, we found no association between preference for symmetry and the score on the Personal Need for Structure (PNS) questionnaire. Valence and arousal are believed to be independent dimensions of emotion, but we found that symmetry is associated with both, as well as with simplicity, possibly because of its perceptual fluency
Spontaneous Ocular Scanning of Visual Symmetry Is Similar During Classification and Evaluation Tasks
Get PDFVisual symmetry perception and symmetry preference have been studied extensively. However, less is known about how people spontaneously scan symmetrical stimuli with their eyes. We thus examined spontaneous saccadic eye movements when participants (N = 20) observed patterns with horizontal or vertical mirror reflection. We found that participants tend to make saccades along the axis of reflection and that this oculomotor behaviour was similar during objective classification and subjective evaluation tasks. The axis-scanning behaviour generates a dynamic sequence of novel symmetrical images from a single static stimulus. This could aid symmetry perception and evaluation by enhancing the neural response to symmetry
The brain does not process horizontal reflection when attending to vertical reflection, and vice versa
Get PDFPrevious work has found that feature attention can modulate electrophysiological responses to visual symmetry. In the current study, participants observed spatially overlapping clouds of black and white dots. They discriminated vertical symmetry from asymmetry in the target dots (e.g., black or white) and ignored the regularity of the distractor dots (e.g., white or black). We measured an electroencephalography component called the sustained posterior negativity (SPN), which is known to be generated by visual symmetry. There were five conditions with different combinations of target and distractor regularity. As well as replicating previous results, we found that an orthogonal axes of reflection in the distractor dots had no effect on SPN amplitude. We conclude that the visual system can processes reflectional symmetry in independent axis-orientation specific channels
Yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius), comportamiento fenológico en Córdoba y potenciales consumidores
Get PDFPonencia presentada en 1º Congreso Argentino de Agroecología. "Otra agricultura es posible: Cultivando interacciones para el mañana". Mendoza, Argentina, 18 al 20 de septiembre de 2019.Fil: Boetto, Marta Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Avila, Gabriel Tomás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Rampone, G. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Bustamente, O. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Donadio, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Beccaria, Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Yacón es un cultivo ancestral, nutracéutico, recientemente introducido en Córdoba, aunque sin éxito agronómico, que se consume por su contenido de moléculas tipo inulina. Por ello, y por su morfofisiología y estrategia de crecimiento y reproducción poblacional es buena candidata a integrar la biodiversidad de la producción familiar. Se estudia el comportamiento fenológico de yacón y sus posibles prosumidores en la ciudad Capital. Se registraron cambios en la acumulación de hojas durante el establecimiento temprano de las plantas bajo cubierta, y su fenología a cielo abierto, finalizadas las heladas. Además, se realizaron encuestas alimentarias para conocer la identidad de los consumidores/productores. Los resultados parciales (no se informa cosecha) indican que, sería necesario alargar el ciclo de cultivo bajo cubierta en la época fría, para que complete su ciclo comparable a otras zonas de cultivo. Sus escasos consumidores
conocen sus propiedades, y lo utilizan para el cuidado de su salud.Fil: Boetto, Marta Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Avila, Gabriel Tomás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Rampone, G. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Bustamente, O. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Donadio, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Beccaria, Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina
Intercultivo ajo-trigo: efectos sobre la comunidad de malezas
Get PDFPonencia presentada en 1º Congreso Argentino de Agroecología. "Otra agricultura es posible: Cultivando interacciones para el mañana". Mendoza, Argentina, 18 al 20 de septiembre de 2019.Fil: Avila, Gabriel Tomás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Boetto, Marta Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Alvarez, C. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Rampone, G. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Beccaria, Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Donadio, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.En el cultivo de ajo (Allium sativum L.) se invierten elevadas cantidades de energía para el control de malezas. En la agricultura familiar agroecológica no se utilizan agroquímicos, por lo que este problema debe ser abordado de otra manera. Se evaluó el efecto del intercultivo con trigo sobre la comunidad de malezas emergentes en un cultivo de ajo. Se trabajó en el Campo Escuela de la F.C.A.-UNC, sembrando trigo en los surcos de un ajo en brotación. Se evaluó la comunidad de malezas a través de índices comunitarios, y los rendimientos de trigo y ajo. En el intercultivo se evidenció menor biomasa (p 0,05), a lo que se suma la forrajimasa de trigo. Se demostró que se puede consociar ajo con trigo, a pesar de sus similitudes morfofisiológicas y fenológicas.Fil: Avila, Gabriel Tomás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Boetto, Marta Noemí. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Alvarez, C. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Rampone, G. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Beccaria, Victoria. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina.Fil: Donadio, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina
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