8 research outputs found
Needleless Electrospun Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Systems
No full textBubble, hollow tube, roller, wire-based and slit-surface needleless electrospinning units are discussed on the basis of the entrepreneurial product cycle of prototype development translating into commercial units. The controlled release of curcumin from a scaffold under physiological simulated conditions shows a significant release of curcumin within 48 hours of test. This work may serve as a useful guide for a drug delivery industry to process nanofibers at a large and continuous scale with a blend of drugs in the nanofibers using wire electrode electrospinning. This work may also serve as a useful guide to obtain a high-quality nanofiber from a needleless electrospinning process for drug delivery applications
Effect of Solution Properties and Operating Parameters on Needleless Electrospinning of Poly (Ethylene Oxide) Nanofibers Loaded with Bovine Serum Albumin
No full textBackground: This paper presents the effect of solution properties and operating parameters of polyethylene oxide (PEO) based nanofiber using a wire electrode-based needleless electrospinning.
Methods: The feed solution was prepared using a PEO dissolved in water or a water-ethanol mixture. The PEO solution is blended with Bovine Serum Albumin protein (BSA) as a model drug to study the effect of the electrospinning process on the stability of the loaded protein. The polymer solution properties such as viscosity, surface tension, and conductivity were controlled by adjusting the solvent and salt content. The morphology and fiber size distribution of the nanofiber was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.
Results: The results show that the issue of a beaded nanofiber can be eliminated either by increasing the solution viscosity or by the addition of salt and ethanol to the PEO-water system. The addition of salt and solvent produced a high frequency of smaller fiber diameter ranging from 100 to 150 nm. The encapsulation of BSA in PEO nanofiber was characterized by three different spectroscopy techniques (i.e. circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared, and fluorescence) and the results showed the BSA is well encapsulated in the PEO matrix with no changes in the protein structure.
Conclusion: This work may serve as a useful guide for a drug delivery industry to process a nanofiber at a large and continuous scale with a blend of drugs in nanofiber using a wire electrode electrospinning
Effect of humidity on electrospun polycaprolactone nanofiber formation using neddleless electrospinning
No full textThis paper presents the effect of humidity on electrospun polycaprolactone nanofiber formation using neddleless electrospinning. The nanofiber was made using a NS Lab needleless electrospinning working at the applied voltage of 35 kV. Morphology of the fiber was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and the fiber size distribution was studied using Fiber Metric. The feed solution was prepared using a olycaprolactone (PCL) in dichloromethane. Fiber diameter of the PCL-dichloromethane system increased from about 100 nm to 145 nm when the humidity increased from 40% to 60%. However, the overall quality of fiber produced at humidity 60% is superior with less large splashes to that produced at 40% humidity. The fiber produced are also much more uniform at 60% humidity. This work may serve as a useful guide to obtain a high quality nanofiber from needleless electrospinning
Effect of Humidity on Formation of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Nanofiber Embedded with Curcumin using Needdleless Electrospinning
No full textThis paper presents the effect of humidity on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber formation using needleless electrospinning for drug delivery application. The nanofiber was made using a NS Lab needleless electrospinning working at the applied voltage of 45 kV. Polycaprolactone in dichloromethane was the polymer used with curcumin as the embedding model drug. Morphology of the fiber was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and the fiber size distribution was studied using Fiber Metric image analysis tool. An increase in fiber diameter from 100 nm to 145 nm was observed when the humidity factor was raised from 40 RH to 60 RH. The fibers produced are also much more uniform at 60 humidity. The model drug, curcumin was loaded into a PCL nanofiber with entrapment efficiency up to 93. The controlled release of curcumin from the scaffold under physiological simulated conditions shows a significant release of curcumin within 48 hours of test. This work may serve as a useful guide to obtain a high-quality nanofiber from needleless electrospinning process for drug delivery application
Topics in statistical finance
No full textThis thesis is divided into three parts. The first part investigates the presence of long term dependence in stock price data via a permutation test based on the correlation structure of the underlying stock prices. These tests reveal the short term nature of stock price dependence structure. The second part extends
Ramprasath and Singh(2007)'s `statistical options' to define a group of American type options based on robust estimators of location. The payoff functions of these path dependent options are based on a new set of stochastic processes which are defined using various robust estimators of location. The asymptotic distributional behavior of these new processes is ascertained which in turn is used in pricing
the options. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods were used to compute the prices of the statistical options. The third part explores a stock price model parameter estimation problem and interprets a growth rate parameter.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83)
Needleless Electrospinning Technology - An Entrepreneurial Perspective
No full textBackground/Objectives: Needleless electrospinning technology surmounts the shortcomings and bottlenecks of the conventional needle based electrospinning systems. Spinneret clogging and lower throughput in terms of productivity has been the setbacks of the conventional technology leading to fewer nanofibers based commercial products. Nanofiber based products finds a market in healthcare, energy and defence. Proof of concept leading to lab level prototype scaling up into industrial level of nanofiber production units is the focus of this paper. Methodology/Analysis: A simple search in the scopus web portal with a keyword 'electrospinning' resulted in 16,272 publications as of date. Same search for patent in US patent office portal resulted in 1939 granted patent documents. A comparison of years of technology time cycle (110 years), publications (16,272) and granted patents (1939) with the companies (31) working on electrospun products was made. Findings: Bubble, hollow tube, roller, wire based and slit-surface needleless electrospinning units are discussed on the basis of entrepreneurial product cycle of prototype development translating into commercial units. Nanofiber production at a mean diameter of 140 nm at commercial level using Poly (ethylene) oxide for Nano Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) by wire based free surface electrospinning has been analysed. Novelty/Improvements: The analysis proves an entrepreneurial approach in the area of electrospinning as evidenced by number of patents match ups or exceeds publications in some region and also depicts its futuristic demand in several areas including healthcare and energy sectors
Electrospun nanofibers of collagen and chitosan for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications: A review
No full textTissue engineering plays a vital role in the medical field that addresses the repair, regeneration, and replacement of damaged tissues or organs. The development of drug-eluting electrospun nanofiber composed of biological macromolecules plays a key role in providing localized drug delivery and structural support. This review examines the recent development and impact of electrospun nanofibers in the field of tissue engineering and explores their potential applications. This review also investigates into the fabrication techniques of nanofibers, highlighting the use of biopolymers like collagen and chitosan, chiefly, focuses on understanding the mechanisms of drug-releasing features of these nanofibers. Studies concerning the medical applications of these nanofibers, such as wound healing, skin regeneration, bone tissue engineering, and neural repair, were also reviewed. Beyond the application in tissue regeneration, this review also explores the potential efficacy of nanofibres in cancer therapy, antibacterial activity, enzyme immobilization, and biosensing applications. This study provides an up-to-date critical insight into the applications of electrospun nanofiber application and key scalable production processes, underscoring the potential economic impacts of advanced wound care technologies. While outlining current challenges, this paper also offers future perspectives on the design, application, and potential expansion of drug-eluting electrospun fibers in medical sciences, ultimately showcasing their pivotal role in advancing therapeutic outcomes
Knowledge attitude and practice towards prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease among high risk patients
No full textBackground: It is well recognized that chronic kidney disease (CKD), if left, untreated would slowly progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD)., A targeted approach is to enhance the knowledge of CKD among the public, especially in high risk population, and encourage them to practice a healthy attitude and practice that may help in early detection and thereby better management of CKD. Such a study to assess the baseline data has not been done in India. Aims and Objectives: To inculcate the knowledge attitude and practice towards prevention and early detection of CKD among high risk patients attending a tertiary care centre. This Observational study was carried out on all patients with diabetes and/or hypertension attending General medicine out-patient or in-patient in a given period of time. Patients more than 18 years of age with diabetes and/or hypertension were included while patients with chronic kidney disease were excluded. Methodology: A standard questionnaire obtained from an author of similar study is given to patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Is this National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (KDOQI)? If so mention it. 
