622 research outputs found
Supplementary data for the effect of Ramadan fasting on anthropometry and body composition
No full textSupplementary dat for the paper " The impact of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric measurements and body composition: evidence from London Ramadan Study and a meta-analysis
Effect of Ramadan fasting on cardiometabolic health
No full textAlthough Ramadan fasting is a mandatory ritual practised by hundreds of millions of Muslims worldwide every year, studies on its effects on cardiometabolic health are scarce. Furthermore, Ramadan fasting is associated with dramatic lifestyle changes; thus, its effects on cardiometabolic health should be deeply investigated.
The overall aim of this thesis is to provide solid evidence that could be used by clinicians who advise individuals/patients on whether to fast during Ramadan or not. This thesis includes conducting a primary study (London Ramadan Study “LORANS”) investigating Ramadan fasting effects on anthropometric and body composition indices, blood pressure and metabolic profile and the diet transition occurring during Ramadan in a general population. Also, a systematic review and meta-analysis of former studies were conducted when required.
Our results showed that Ramadan fasting is associated with a sudden transition in diet adopted. A month of fasting and the change in diet were associated with significant changes in anthropometric and body composition indices and systolic and diastolic blood pressure which were in a beneficial direction for most of the participants and non-hazardous modifications in the metabolic profile. Moreover, we show that the changes in the metabolic profile are partially explained by the diet during Ramadan.
Results from the systematic reviews and meta-analyses revealed that the beneficial effect on blood pressure is in healthy individuals, diabetes patients or hypertension patients, but the effect was not observed in CKD patients. Moreover, these results pointed to a pattern in changes observed in anthropometric and body composition indices characterised by a start in the second/third week, a peak right after, and a return to baseline levels three weeks after Ramadan.
Overall, this thesis shows that Ramadan fasting could be associated with beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health. These findings may have implications for other time-restricted feeding models as well.Open Acces
Ramadan fasting effects on chronic heart failure symptoms
No full textIntroduction: Over one billion Muslims elect to fast during the month of Ramadan worldwide. The data available regarding the effect of Islamic fasting in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are insufficient. Methodology: We prospectively studied 249 outpatients with HFrEF who plan to fast Ramadan in three Cardiac centers in Saudi Arabia. A detailed clinical assessment, diagnostic data, emergency department visit, and hospitalization during Ramadan and the preceding month were obtained. Results: A total of 249 patients were enrolled, 227 (91%) patients fast for the full lunar month. During Ramadan 209 (92%) patients remained stable while 18 (8%) patients became unstable. With fasting, the mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class was significantly lower in the stable when compared to the unstable group (1.46 ± 0.7 vs. 3.22 ± 0.55. P < 0.0001) respectively, whereas no differences in NYHA classification were seen before Ramadan between groups. Furthermore, patients with worsening symptoms were significantly less adherent to medications (67% vs. 94%, p < 0.0001) and to diet (39% vs. 79%, p < 0.0001) and were less likely to have ischemic cardiomyopathy as an underlying etiology of HFrEF (33% vs. 57%, p = 0.046) respectively, when compared to the stable group. Moreover, hospitalization and emergency department visits were more frequent in patients with worsening symptoms in comparison with stable patients (39% vs. 0%, p ⩽ 0.0001), and (50% vs. 10%, p ⩽ 0.0001) respectively. Dependent t-Test analysis including all patients showed that NYHA classification before Ramadan was significantly higher than that during Ramadan (2.19 ± 0.9 vs. 1.6 ± 0.8, t-Value 8.5. ±P < 0.0001) respectively. Conclusion: Ramadan fasting considered to be safe in the majority of patients with chronic HFrEF. Furthermore, non-adherence to medication and diet is the most important factor leading to heart failure decompensation during Ramadan
Replication data for: Effect of Ramadan fasting on anthopometry and body composition
No full textDataset of a project to be publishe
Metabolomics of Ramadan fasting and associated risk of chronic diseases
No full textBackground
The dramatic change in lifestyle associated with Ramadan fasting raises questions about its effect on metabolism and health. Metabolites, as the end product of metabolism, are excellent candidates to be studied in this regard.
Objective
This study aims to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on the metabolic profile and risk of chronic diseases.
Methods
The London Ramadan study (LORANS) is an observational study in which 2 blood samples were collected from 72 participants a few days before and after the fasting month of Ramadan. We conducted metabolomic profiling using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess the change in individual metabolites from before to after Ramadan. Also, we generated metabolic scores (scaled from 0 to 100) for 7 chronic diseases in the UK Biobank and assessed the association of Ramadan fasting with these scores in LORANS.
Results
Of the 72 participants, 35 were male (48.6%); the mean (± standard deviation) age was 45.7 (±16) y. Ramadan fasting was associated with changes in 14 metabolites (1 inflammation marker, 1 amino acid, 2 glycolysis-related metabolites, 2 ketone bodies, 2 triglyceride, and 6 lipoprotein subclasses), independent of changes in body composition. Using data from 117,981 participants in the UK Biobank, we generated metabolic scores for diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, renal failure, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer. The metabolic scores for lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer were lower after Ramadan in LORANS (−4.74, 9.6%, 95% confidence interval −6.56, −2.91, P < 0.001), (−1.09, −2.4%, −1.69, −0. 50, P < 0.001), and (−0.48, −1.1%, −0. 81, −0.15, P = 0.006), respectively.
Conclusions
Ramadan fasting is associated with short-term favorable changes in the metabolic profile concerning risk of some chronic diseases. These findings should be further investigated in future, larger studies of longer follow-up with clinical outcomes
Effect of religious fasting in Ramadan on blood pressure: results from LORANS (London Ramadan Study) and a meta-analysis.
No full textBackground Ramadan fasting is practiced by hundreds of millions every year. This ritual practice changes diet and lifestyle dramatically; thus, the effect of Ramadan fasting on blood pressure must be determined. Methods and Results LORANS (London Ramadan Study) is an observational study, systematic review, and meta-analysis. In LORANS, we measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 85 participants before and right after Ramadan. In the systematic review, studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus from inception to March 3, 2020. We meta-analyzed the effect from these studies and unpublished data from LORANS. We included observational studies that measured SBP and/or DBP before Ramadan and during the last 2 weeks of Ramadan or the first 2 weeks of the month after. Data appraisal and extraction were conducted by at least 2 reviewers in parallel. We pooled SBP and DBP using a random-effects model. The systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; CRD42019159477). In LORANS, 85 participants were recruited; mean age was 45.6±15.9 years, and 52.9% (n=45) of participants were men. SBP and DBP after Ramadan fasting were lower by 7.29 mm Hg (-4.74 to -9.84) and 3.42 mm Hg (-1.73 to -5.09), even after adjustment for potential confounders. We identified 2778 studies of which 33 with 3213 participants were included. SBP and DBP after/before Ramadan were lower by 3.19 mm Hg (-4.43 to -1.96, I2=48%) and 2.26 mm Hg (-3.19 to -1.34, I2=66%), respectively. In subgroup analyses, lower blood pressures were observed in the groups who are healthy or have hypertension or diabetes but not in patients with chronic kidney disease. Conclusions Our study suggests beneficial effects of Ramadan fasting on blood pressure independent of changes in weight, total body water, and fat mass and supports recommendations for some governmental guidelines that describe Ramadan fasting as a safe religious practice with respect to blood pressure
The dietary changes during Ramadan and their impact on anthropometry, blood pressure and metabolic profile
No full textBackground: The effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on the metabolic profile, anthropometry and blood pressure has been investigated in multiple studies. However, it is still unknown to what extent changes in nutrient intakes contribute to these changes.
Methods: This observational study was conducted in London (UK) in 2019. The study collected diverse data from a community-based sample in London before and during/after Ramadan. Collected data included a 3-day food diary (before and during Ramadan), as well as blood samples, anthropometric measurements and blood pressure (before and after Ramadan). The food diary was translated into nutritional data using nutrition software “Nutritics.” The changes in nutrient intakes were investigated using a mixed-effects regression model. The impact of adjusting for nutrient intake change was investigated on the absolute difference of metabolites (Nightingale platform), systolic/diastolic blood pressure and anthropometric measures.
Results: The study collected data on food intake before and during Ramadan from 56 participants; the mean age was 44.7 ± 17.3, and 51.8% (n = 29) were females. We found a change in the intake of 11 nutritional factors, glucose, fructose, betaine, sugars, sugars as monosaccharide equivalents, lutein/zeaxanthin, starch, starch as monosaccharide equivalents, proline, glutamic acid and lycopene. No changes in quantities or proportions of macronutrients, carbohydrates, protein and fat. Mainly, the changes in diet during Ramadan are characterized by more consumption of sugars (62%, p < 0.001) and a lower intake of starch (−21%, p = 0.012). The changes in 14 metabolite levels (two glycolysis-related metabolites, one amino acid, two ketone bodies, two triglyceride, six lipoprotein subclasses, and an inflammation marker) after Ramadan were partially associated with some changes in nutrient intakes during Ramadan, especially betaine, fructose, glucose, starches and sugars. The lutein/zeaxanthin intake change explained inversely 14% of systolic blood pressure changes. Moreover, BMI and weight changes were partially explained by changes in intake of fat (7%; 9%), monounsaturated fat (6%; 7%), starch (8%; 9%), and starch as monosaccharide equivalents (8%; 9%) intakes in a direct relationship.
Conclusion: Diet changes during Ramadan were associated partially with the observed changes in the metabolic profile, blood pressure and anthropometry. This confirms the changes associated with RIF in the metabolic profile, blood pressure and anthropometry are not an absolute physiological response to the diet transition occurring during Ramadan
The dietary changes during Ramadan and their impact on anthropometry, blood pressure, and metabolic profile
No full textBackgroundThe effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on the metabolic profile, anthropometry and blood pressure has been investigated in multiple studies. However, it is still unknown to what extent changes in nutrient intakes contribute to these changes.MethodsThis observational study was conducted in London (UK) in 2019. The study collected diverse data from a community-based sample in London before and during/after Ramadan. Collected data included a 3-day food diary (before and during Ramadan), as well as blood samples, anthropometric measurements and blood pressure (before and after Ramadan). The food diary was translated into nutritional data using nutrition software “Nutritics.” The changes in nutrient intakes were investigated using a mixed-effects regression model. The impact of adjusting for nutrient intake change was investigated on the absolute difference of metabolites (Nightingale platform), systolic/diastolic blood pressure and anthropometric measures.ResultsThe study collected data on food intake before and during Ramadan from 56 participants; the mean age was 44.7 ± 17.3, and 51.8% (n = 29) were females. We found a change in the intake of 11 nutritional factors, glucose, fructose, betaine, sugars, sugars as monosaccharide equivalents, lutein/zeaxanthin, starch, starch as monosaccharide equivalents, proline, glutamic acid and lycopene. No changes in quantities or proportions of macronutrients, carbohydrates, protein and fat. Mainly, the changes in diet during Ramadan are characterized by more consumption of sugars (62%, p < 0.001) and a lower intake of starch (−21%, p = 0.012). The changes in 14 metabolite levels (two glycolysis-related metabolites, one amino acid, two ketone bodies, two triglyceride, six lipoprotein subclasses, and an inflammation marker) after Ramadan were partially associated with some changes in nutrient intakes during Ramadan, especially betaine, fructose, glucose, starches and sugars. The lutein/zeaxanthin intake change explained inversely 14% of systolic blood pressure changes. Moreover, BMI and weight changes were partially explained by changes in intake of fat (7%; 9%), monounsaturated fat (6%; 7%), starch (8%; 9%), and starch as monosaccharide equivalents (8%; 9%) intakes in a direct relationship.ConclusionDiet changes during Ramadan were associated partially with the observed changes in the metabolic profile, blood pressure and anthropometry. This confirms the changes associated with RIF in the metabolic profile, blood pressure and anthropometry are not an absolute physiological response to the diet transition occurring during Ramadan
Estimated time-varying effects of Ramadan on weight using the continuous model.
No full textRamadan effect on Weight (kg). Time (weeks).</p
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