1,721,034 research outputs found
Interactions Involving Glycine and Other Amino Acid Neurotransmitters: Focus on Transporter-Mediated Regulation of Release and Glycine–Glutamate Crosstalk
No full textGlycine plays a pivotal role in the Central Nervous System (CNS), being a major inhibitory neurotransmitter as well as a co-agonist of Glutamate at excitatory NMDA receptors. Interactions involving Glycine and other neurotransmitters are the subject of different studies. Functional interactions among neurotransmitters include the modulation of release through release-regulating receptors but also through transporter-mediated mechanisms. Many transporter-mediated interactions involve the amino acid transmitters Glycine, Glutamate, and GABA. Different studies published during the last two decades investigated a number of transporter-mediated interactions in depth involving amino acid transmitters at the nerve terminal level in different CNS areas, providing details of mechanisms involved and suggesting pathophysiological significances. Here, this evidence is reviewed also considering additional recent information available in the literature, with a special (but not exclusive) focus on glycinergic neurotransmission and Glycine–Glutamate interactions. Some possible pharmacological implications, although partly speculative, are also discussed. Dysregulations in glycinergic and glutamatergic transmission are involved in relevant CNS pathologies. Pharmacological interventions on glycinergic targets (including receptors and transporters) are under study to develop novel therapies against serious CNS pathological states including pain, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases. Although with limitations, it is hoped to possibly contribute to a better understanding of the complex interactions between glycine-mediated neurotransmission and other major amino acid transmitters, also in view of the current interest in potential drugs acting on “glycinergic” targets
Advances in understanding the functions of native GlyT1 and GlyT2 neuronal glycine transporters
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Mechanisms of [3H]glycine release from mouse spinal cord synaptosomes selectively labelled through GLYT2 transporters
No full textPopolamento umano ed evoluzione del paesaggio alle pendici del Mont Fallère (Saint-Pierre, Valle d'Aosta) nell’Olocene Antico e Medio
No full textThe present research aims at improving our knowledge on the way of life of prehistoric human groups on the Mont Fallère Massif and characterizing the main steps of the Holocene environmental history in this area.
The importance of Men - Environment relationship is here highlighted thanks to a multidisciplinary and diachronic approach, typical of modern archaeology, based on a proper design beginning with an hypothesis and further evolving through subsequent steps of the research (Guidi, 2005).
Fieldwork concentrated on the Mont Fallère area (municipality of Saint-Pierre, Aosta Valley) between 2009 - 2013, under the direction of Dip. Soprintendenza per i Beni e le Attività Culturali of Regione Autonoma Valle d'Aosta and the Ferrara University, which signed a specific agreement and carried out archaeological excavations and survey. Paleobotanical and geological investigations were carried out in the study area, too.
Along with already-known sites MF1 to MF3, six new archaeological areas were discovered (named MF4 to MF9), scattered on an area of approximately 0,2 km2. Three sites (MF1, MF3 and MF6) were archaeologically investigated. Techno-economical and typological analysis of the lithic industries discovered at site MF1 was carried out, including experimental tests on methods and techniques used by prehistoric people to process rock crystals (D. Visentin), use-wear analysis on tools (G. Berruti) and the identification of procurement strategies of raw materials (S. Bertola).
The CNR-IDPA Lab. of Palynology and Palaeoecology (Milano) carried out paleoecological investigations on the stratigraphic succession preserved at the Crotte Basse mire, located a few hundred meters far from the archeological sites.
The collaboration with the Earth Science Dept. of the Torino University and the GDP Consultants - Engineering Geology Group in Aosta enabled geologically- geomorphologically-based researches on landscape evolution and the setting up of geomorphological and geophysical filters for a zonation of the study area with respect to the archeological visibility
Glycine release is regulated by metabotropic glutamate receptors sensitive to mGluR2/3 ligands and activated by N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG)
No full textGABA release provoked by disturbed Na(+), K(+) and Ca(2+) homeostasis in cerebellar nerve endings: Roles of Ca(2+) channels, , Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchangers and GAT1 transporter reversal.
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