36 research outputs found
Potential Predictor of Tobacco Cessation among Factory Workers: A Baseline Data of Worksite Tobacco Cessation Programs in the Central Part of India
No full textABSTRACT
Aim
Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco use among factory workers and identify the predicting factors for quitting tobacco use.
Materials and methods
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 640 factory workers were included and divided into the quitter group and who had never quit the tobacco habit in the past. Data were collected by standardized and validated questionnaire pro forma, which comprised the demographic profile, smoking history, and Fagerström scale to check the nicotine dependence. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Chi-squares test, whereas logistic regression was used to predict the factor for quitting the tobacco habit. All tests were applied using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0.
Results
The mean age among the quitters was comparatively low than the never-quit group. Out of 640 participants, the majority of quitters and those who never quit were found to consume smokeless tobacco (232 [93.5]; 288 [73.5]). As per logistic regression analysis, gender of participants, age of starting tobacco use, and frequency of tobacco use can be considered as good predictors to quit smoking/chewing tobacco.
Conclusion
The present study found that participants in the quitter group were less dependent on tobacco, and these participants were more likely to quit smoking if behavioral support was provided at the early days of the quitting attempt.
Clinical significance
This study's result provides valuable insight into the current tobacco usage and potential predicting factors for quitting tobacco use among factory workers in India. These data can help in developing a policy for the implementation of tobacco cessation programs at the worksite.
How to cite this article
Gaikwad R, Bhowate R, Bajad P, Gadbail AR, Gondivkar S, Sarode SC, Sarode GS, Patil S. Potential Predictor of Tobacco Cessation among Factory Workers: A Baseline Data of Worksite Tobacco Cessation Programs in the Central Part of India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(11):1071-1077.
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Radiographic structural findings in mandibular condyle of orthodontically treated young patients, a possibility of an iatrogenic temporomandibular joint involvement
No full textAim: Temporomandibular disorders joint disorders (TMD) are commonly seen in population. There can be varied etiology to this. The purpose of the study was to study the possible association between orthodontic treatment and TMD. Materials and Methods: For the present study, the 720 subjects were assessed in 2 groups as orthodontically treated group (370) and control group without malocclusion (350). The structural findings were assessed as per the criteria. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using Chi-square test and Pearson's correlation. Results: For all the intergroup and intragroup, the findings were insignificant. Though insignificantly, marginal erosion was common finding followed by flattening and rarefaction. Conclusion: Overall, the study could not confirm the association that orthodontic treatment may lead to TMD. The next extensive study needs to be conducted considering clinical signs and symptoms and the long-term follow-ups
MRI evaluation of involvement of parotid and submandibular glands by tongue squamous cell carcinoma
No full textMast cell expression in oral submucous fibrosis: a systematic review and metanalysis
No full textBackground: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic disorder associated with reduced mouth opening, burning sensation and listed as potentially malignant disorder. The role of mast cells in initiation and progression of this condition has been debated in last few years. It is imperative to understand the definitive role of mast cells and subsequently identify a possible cost-efficient treatment modality for OSMF. This review aimed to study the role of mast cells in OSMF by framing a research question that assessed the mast cell count (MCC), their degranulation and immunohistochemical analyses. We performed a comprehensive search of PubMed, EBSCOhost and general Google search that conceded 26 studies from which 15 articles were finalized for the review. The individual study syntheses revealed increased MCC in OSMF as compared to controls. Also, there was decreased MCC with the progression of OSMF. However, the metanalysis showed high level of heterogeneity as three studies out of eight studies found reduced MCC in disease when compared with controls. There is definite increase in mast cell in OSMF although the cell count falls with the advancement of OSMF. This increases the scope for further research to identify exact mechanism by which mast cells contribute to fibrosis and conduct the drug trials that can inhibit the mechanism
Advanced Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
No full textIntroduction- Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer globally with a wide geographic variation. In India, there is a trend towards increasing incidence and delayed presentation of oral cancer as approximately 50% patients present at stage III or IV where the lower socioeconomic strata of society play a vital role.Presentation of Case A 35 years’ male reported with the complaint of rapidly increasing ulcer in mandible. Extraoral examination revealed presence of hard nodular swelling with orocutaneous perforation while on Intraoral examination an ulcero-infiltrative, indurated lesion was present. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathopathological examination after radiographic evaluation.Conclusion- Despite an improvement in diagnostic and management techniques, the age-standardized mortality rates in oral cancer are constant. This article describes a case of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma occurring at early age with an emphasis on clinical aspects of squamous cell carcinoma
Clinical and Radiological Findings of Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis Type II: A Case Report
No full textOsteopetrosis is a rare inherited genetic disease characterized by sclerosis of the skeleton caused by the absence or malfunction of osteoclasts. Three distinct forms of the disease have been recognized, autosomal dominant osteopetrosis being the most common. Autosomal dominant osteopetrosis exhibits a heterogeneous trait with milder symptoms, often at later childhood or adulthood. The aim of this case report is to present the clinical and radiographic features of a 35-year-old female patient with autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II who exhibited features of chronic generalised periodontitis, and the radiographs revealed generalised osteosclerosis and hallmark radiographic features of ADO type II, that is, “bone-within-bone appearance” and “Erlenmeyer-flask deformity.
Infected Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Involving Submandibular Region: A Case Report
No full textThyroglossal duct cyst presents most frequently in the midline of the neck, either at or just below the level of the hyoid bone. They generally manifest as painless neck swelling, and they move on protrusion of tongue and during swallowing. A case of thyroglossal cyst was reported in the left submandibular region in a 14-year-old girl, above the level of hyoid bone; ultrasound examination favored a cystic lesion which moved in a vertical fashion on swallowing whereas fine needle aspiration cytology report was suggestive of simple cystic lesion of thyroglossal cyst. No lymphoid or malignant cells were present. The cyst was excised completely by surgical procedure under general anesthesia. Histopathological analysis revealed thyroglossal cyst showing columnar and flattened epithelium of cyst with focal aggregate of chronic inflammatory cells supported by fibrocollagenous cyst wall. The clinical, ultrasound, and histopathological findings suggested that the lesion was an infected thyroglossal cyst. There was no evidence of recurrence 6 months after surgery
Rhinoscleroma With Involvement of the Maxillary Sinus, Orbital Floor, and Temporomandibular Joint: A Case Report
No full textChemical composition of areca nut and its adverse effects on human health.
No full textAreca nut (AN) is one of the addictive substances consumed widely in the world. The composition of AN is very complex, and each component has variable properties. This study aims to review the composition of AN and its adverse effects on humans. For this review, the literature search was performed by an electronic search of the Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases using proper MESH headings and retrieved the articles published from 1997 to 2022. The eligibility criteria included human studies, a form of AN, the composition of AN, harmful effects of AN, the effect of AN on the oral cavity, the effect of AN on vital organs, and articles published in English. Data were extracted regarding the composition of AN, forms of AN, and harmful effects of AN on the oral cavity and on other systems. A total of 449 articles were identified from various databases, and 36 studies were selected that met the inclusion criteria. The active components of AN, which produce harmful effects, are primarily alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, and certain trace elements. AN is consumed in different forms, and based on the form, its composition also varies. AN is known to cause deleterious effects on the oral cavity as well as various body organs. The most dangerous and widely reported impacts of AN on the oral cavity are the development of oral submucous fibrosis, a premalignant condition, and oral malignancy. However, during the chewing process, excretory products of AN are released and circulate in the body of "chronic habitual" and affect the other body parts. Thus, AN consumption may contribute to cardiac, liver, endocrinal, metabolic, respiratory, and reproductive system disorders also. AN composition is complex, and its consumption is harmful to human health. In regard to controlling the issue of the harmful effects of this habit, preventive measures should be established
