122,213 research outputs found
On-line clearance: A useful tool for monitoring the effectiveness of the reuse procedure
No full textReprocessing of a dialyzer for repeated use in the same patient is widely practiced. The dialyzer fiber bundle volume (FBV) is monitored as an indicator of the dialyzer's suitability for continued use, with standards for reprocessed dialyzers requiring a FBV of greater than 80% of a new dialyzer to be maintained. We have used on-line measurement of clearance of sodium (OLC module, Fresenius Medical Care, Walnut Creek, CA) to assess small molecule clearance changes during and between treatments for a group of 29 chronic hemodialysis patients who reused high flux polysulfone dialyzers (F80, Fresenius Medical Care, Lexington, MA) reprocessed using citric acid and heat (95degreesC). Data pertaining to the initial, 5th, 10th, and 15th uses were analyzed and showed that, within a single dialysis session, there was a trend for the clearance to reduce throughout the treatment (P < 0.001). Overall, there was also a trend for clearances to decline with increasing number of reuses (p < 0.008). Changes in FBV occurred, but such changes remained within the guidelines suggested by standards. It is concluded that on-line clearance measurements provide a simple noninvasive method to monitor dialyzer performance over each use and between uses
A Clustering-Based Approach to Kinetic Closest Pair
No full textGiven a set P of n moving points in fixed dimension d, where the trajectory of each point is a polynomial of degree bounded by some constant, we present a kinetic data structure (KDS) for maintenance of the closest pair on P.
Assuming the closest pair distance is between 1 and Delta over time, our KDS uses O(n log Delta) space and processes O(n^2 beta log Delta log n + n^2 beta log Delta log log Delta)) events, each in worst-case time O(log^2 n + log^2 log Delta). Here, beta is an extremely slow-growing function. The locality of the KDS is O(log n + log log Delta). Our closest pair KDS supports insertions and deletions of points. An insertion or deletion takes worst-case time O(log Delta log^2 n + log Delta log^2 log Delta).
Also, we use a similar approach to provide a KDS for the all epsilon-nearest neighbors in R^d.
The complexities of the previous KDSs, for both closest pair and all epsilon-nearest neighbors, have polylogarithmic factor, where the number of logs depends on dimension d. Assuming Delta is polynomial in n, our KDSs obtain improvements on the previous KDSs.
Our solutions are based on a kinetic clustering on P. Though we use ideas from the previous clustering KDS by Hershberger, we simplify and improve his work
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
A Kinetic Study of Silver Extraction from End-of-Life Photovoltaic Panels through Gold-REC1 Process
No full textRecycling materials from end-of-life devices and products is becoming increasingly a fundamental activity for the sustainable development of nations. With the return from the market of immense quantities of photovoltaic panels at the end of their life, it is essential to foresee processes for recovering and valorizing all the raw materials present in them to avoid wasting important flows of raw materials. This research introduces a novel process aimed at the recovery of silver and silicon from end-of-life photovoltaic panels. The leaching efficiency and kinetics of ground cake powder in sulfuric acid, ferric sulfate, and thiourea were investigated in the leaching system. In particular, the influences of significant parameters, including particle size, leaching temperature, and stirring rate, on the extraction kinetics were analyzed using the shrinking core model. The results showed silver dissolving mechanisms, in which more than 90% of silver recovery at 60 min of reaction time and 99% at 120 min was achieved (120 rpm, 53–125 μm, and 40 °C). The significant effect of the leaching temperature suggests that the process is under the control of the chemical reaction. Moreover, these results were confirmed by the regression analysis of the experimental data with the shrinking core model. It can be concluded that this newly proposed process, called Gold-REC1, allows the recovery of Ag and Si (solid residue from the process) with extremely high yields and rapid kinetics. The obtained results can provide fundamental data for developing end-of-life photovoltaic recycling on an industrial scale
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
The effect of electrolytic solution composition on the structure, corrosion, and wear resistance of peo coatings on az31 magnesium alloy
No full textPlasma electrolytic oxidation coatings were prepared in aluminate, phosphate, and silicate-based electrolytic solutions using a soft-sparking regime in a multi-frequency stepped process to compare the structure, corrosion, and wear characteristics of the obtained coatings on AZ31 magnesium alloy. The XRD results indicated that all coatings consist of MgO and MgF2, while specific products such as Mg2 SiO4, MgSiO3, Mg2 P2 O7, and MgAl2 O4 were also present in specimens based on the selected solution. Surface morphology of the obtained coatings was strongly affected by the electrolyte composition. Aluminate-containing coating showed volcano-like, nodular particles and craters distributed over the surface. Phosphate-containing coating presented a sintering-crater structure, with non-uniform distributions of micro-pores and micro-cracks. Silicate-containing coating exhibited a scaffold surface involving a network of numerous micro-pores and oxide granules. The aluminate-treated sample offered the highest corrosion resistance and the minimum wear rate (5 × 10−5 mm3 N−1 m−1), owing to its compact structure containing solely 1.75% relative porosity, which is the lowest value in comparison with other samples. The silicate-treated sample was degraded faster in long-term corrosion and wear tests due to its porous structure, and with more delay in the phosphate-containing coating due to its larger thickness (30 μm)
Dissipative Range Scaling of Higher Order Structure Functions for Velocity and Passive Scalars
No full textDifferently to Kolmogorov's second similarity hypothesis, we find that the 2n-th order velocity and scalar structure functions scale with n-th order moment of the energy dissipation and the scalar dissipation, respectively. The origins of this scaling are analyzed by the transport equations of the fourth order velocity and scalar increment moments and by direct numerical simulations
- …
