58 research outputs found
Cherbourg State School in historical context.
No full textCherbourg State School is some 300 kilometres northwest of Brisbane. It is situated in an Aboriginal community at Cherbourg with approximately 250 students, all of whom are Indigenous Australian children. Cherbourg State School aims to generate good academic outcomes for its students from kindergarten to Year 7 and nurture a strong and positive sense of what it means to be Aboriginal in today's society. In a context where the community continues to grapple with many social issues born of the historical processes of dispossession and disempowerment, Cherbourg State School is determined that its children can and will learn to become 'Strong and Smart'. It is a journey that has been charted by Chris Sarra, the school's first Aboriginal principal, in his paper Young and Black and Deadly: Strategies for Improving Outcomes for Indigenous Students, which describes how pride and expectations were engendered in the school over a four-year period from 1998. In this article the author discusses the historical context of the school and its impact on the Indigenous people of Cherbourg. The aim is to consider the historical, political, social and cultural context around the creation of Cherbourg State School. The author critically examines the historical records of the role of the State Government and the white settlers in the setting up and creation of the Aboriginal Reserve and later the primary school. Throughout the author addresses an absence � a voice missing from history � the voice of the Aboriginal people. This exercise in collective memory was designed to provide an opportunity for those who have seldom been given the opportunity to tell their story. Instead of the official view of Cherbourg School it provides a narrative which restores the victims of history to a place of dignity and indeed humanity
Duty to Protect: Corporate Directors and Climate-Related Financial Risk
No full textClimate Risk Reporting Needs Clarity to Succeed Amid growing calls from regulators, financial standard organizations and institutional investors, Canadian corporations face pressure to adopt transparent climate-risk reporting. But first, they need greater clarity on the metrics and standards involved. Author Janis Sarra recommends that Canada clarify and adopt mandatory uniform reporting on climate metrics and finance, so that corporate officers and directors can offer investors information that is transparent, comparable year over year and comparable between companies in a sector. Governments can also provide more clarity through legislative reforms to further support directors in the transition to a low-carbon economy.
[From Duty to Protect: Corporate Directors and Climate-Related Financial Risk – C.D. Howe Institute]https://commons.allard.ubc.ca/books/1358/thumbnail.jp
Dust aerosol radiative effects during summer 2012 simulated with a coupled regional aerosol-atmosphere-ocean model over the Mediterranean
No full textThe present study investigates the radiative effects of dust aerosols in the Mediterranean region during summer 2012 using a coupled regional aerosol-atmosphere-ocean model (CNRM-RCSM5). A prognostic aerosol scheme, including desert dust, sea salt, organic, black-carbon and sulphate particles, has been integrated to CNRM-RCSM5 in addition to the atmosphere, land surface and ocean components. An evaluation of this aerosol scheme of CNRM-RCSM5, and especially of the dust aerosols, has been performed against in situ and satellite measurements, showing its ability to reproduce the spatial and temporal variability of aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the Mediterranean region in summer 2012. The dust vertical and size distributions have also been evaluated against observations from the TRAQA/ChArMEx campaign. Three simulations have been carried out for summer 2012 with CNRM-RCSM5, including the full prognostic aerosol scheme, only monthly-averaged AOD means from the aerosol scheme or no aerosols at all, in order to focus on the radiative effects of dust particles and the role of the prognostic scheme. Surface short-wave aerosol radiative forcing variability is found to be more than twice as high over regions affected by dust aerosols, when using a prognostic aerosol scheme instead of monthly AOD means. In this case downward surface solar radiation is also found to be better reproduced according to a comparison with several stations across the Mediterranean. A composite study over 14 stations across the Mediterranean, designed to identify days with high dust AOD, also reveals the improvement of the representation of surface temperature brought by the use of the prognostic aerosol scheme. Indeed the surface receives less radiation during dusty days, but only the simulation using the prognostic aerosol scheme is found to reproduce the observed intensity of the dimming and warming on dusty days. Moreover, the radiation and temperature averages over summer 2012 are also modified by the use of prognostic aerosols, mainly because of the differences brought in short-wave aerosol radiative forcing variability. Therefore this first comparison over summer 2012 highlights the importance of the choice of the representation of aerosols in climate models. © Author(s) 2015
Rescue!: The Companies\u27 Creditors Arrangement Act, 2nd ed.
No full textThe going-forward solution to a firm\u27s financial distress depends on the reasons for insolvency, the firm\u27s capital structure, viability of its business plan, effectiveness of its directors and officers, and the availability of capital to refinance or purchase the business.
Rescue! The Companies Creditors Arrangement Act, Second Edition is an indispensable guide to navigating the complexities of Canadian insolvency restructuring law. This book offers a comprehensive analysis of current and expected developments in this important area of law and practice and helps the reader gain an edge with insight into the latest decisions and developments shaping the Companies Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA).
With this book, you can
Rely on the expertise of a leading insolvency authorityJanis Sarra is an insolvency authority, a leading law professor, and Editor-in-Chief of the Annual Review of Insolvency Law. In this convenient resource, she identifies and meticulously analyzes the most recent and most significant decisions to shape the CCAA to give an expert understanding of the issues that will affect your next proceeding.
Reduce research timeThe author zeroes in on all cases relevant to the CCAA and sheds fresh light on their impact. You\u27ll anticipate new issues that could arise at every stage of the proceeding, and learn how to navigate them effectively.
Avoid commonly overlooked issuesWhen the case law so dominates the legislation, it can be challenging to ensure you\u27ve done absolutely everything to your client\u27s advantage. This resource takes you through every step of proceedings under the CCAA, highlights the cases that impact each step, offers practical advice, and gives you valuable practice tools, such as model orders and a sample plan of arrangement.
[From Rescue! The Companies Creditors Arrangement Act, Second Edition | Thomson Reuters]https://commons.allard.ubc.ca/books/1308/thumbnail.jp
On the radiative impact of aerosols on photolysis rates: Comparison of simulations and observations in the Lampedusa island during the ChArMEx/ADRIMED campaign
No full textThe Mediterranean basin is characterized by large concentrations of aerosols from both natural and anthropogenic sources. These aerosols affect tropospheric photochemistry by modulating the photolytic rates. Three simulations of the atmospheric composition at basin scale have been performed with the CHIMERE chemistry-transport model for the period from 6 June to 15 July 2013 covered by the ADRIMED campaign, a campaign of intense measurements in the western Mediterranean basin. One simulation takes into account the radiative effect of the aerosols on photochemistry, the second one does not, and the third one is designed to quantify the model sensitivity to a bias in the ozone column. These simulations are compared to satellite and ground-based measurements, with a particular focus on the area of Lampedusa. Values of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) are obtained from the MODIS instrument on the AQUA and TERRA satellites as well as from stations in the AERONET network and from the MFRSR sun photometer deployed at Lampedusa. Additional measurements from instruments deployed at Lampedusa either permanently or exceptionally are used for other variables: MFRSR sun photometer for AOD, diode array spectrometer for actinic fluxes, LIDAR for the aerosol backscatter, sequential sampler for speciation of aerosol and Brewer spectrophotometer for the total ozone column. It is shown that CHIMERE has a significant ability to reproduce observed peaks in the AOD, which in Lampedusa are mainly due to dust outbreaks during the ADRIMED period, and that taking into account the radiative effect of the aerosols in CHIMERE considerably improves the ability of the model to reproduce the observed day-to-day variations of the photolysis rate of ozone to O2 and O(1D), J(O1D), and that of NO2 to NO and O(3P), J(NO2). While in the case of J(O1D) other variation factors such as the stratospheric ozone column are very important in representing correctly the day-to-day variations, the day-to-day variations of J(NO2) are captured almost completely by the model when the optical effects of the aerosols are taken into account. Finally, it is shown that the inclusion of the direct radiative effect of the aerosols in the CHIMERE model leads to reduced J(O1D) and J(NO2) values over all the simulation domain, which range from a few percents over continental Europe and the north-east Atlantic Ocean to about 20% close to and downwind from Saharan dust sources. The effect on the modelled ozone concentration is 2-fold: the effect of aerosols leads to reduced ozone concentrations over the Mediterranean Sea and continental Europe, close to the sources of NOx, but it also leads to increased ozone concentrations over remote areas such as the Sahara and the tropical Atlantic Ocean. © 2016 Author(s)
Lost conversations: finding new ways for black and white Australians to lead together
No full textIt\u27s time for a game-changer in how black and white Australians relate.
The difficulties we have in coming together—to talk, to work, to lead change—are core to our challenge to reconcile, as a country. But if we want to shift the status quo, if we want to lead change on entrenched Indigenous disadvantage, we don\u27t need another program, initiative or money to try and \u27fix\u27 the problem. We need to start having a different conversation.
The result of two years experience working together as part of a Social Leadership Australia initiative, Lost Conversations brings together the diverse perspectives and personal stories of five Aboriginal and four non-Indigenous authors, all with first-hand knowledge of what happens when black and white Australians come together to try and work on change.
Lost Conversations asks the questions and starts the conversations that we daren\u27t have in Australia ... until now:
What is \u27black\u27 power?
What is \u27white\u27 power?
What qualifies someone to lead in this cross-cultural space?
Why is this so hard to talk about?
Can we start to name these things and try to shift the status quo?
Can we change?
Should we?
 
Determination of stratospheric temperature and density by GOMOS: Verification with respect to high latitude LIDAR profiles from Thule, Greenland
No full textHigh resolution temperature profiles (HRTP) have been derived from measurements performed by Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) onboard ENVISAT. HRTP are derived from measurements with two fast photometers whose signal is sampled at 1 kHz, and allows investigating the role of irregularities in the density and temperature profiles, such as those associated with gravity waves. In this study high resolution temperature and density profiles measured at high latitude by GOMOS are compared with observations made with the ground-based aerosol/temperature LIDAR at Thule, Greenland. The LIDAR at Thule contributes to the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. The LIDAR profiles are analyzed in the height interval overlapping with GOMOS data (22-35 km), and the density and temperature profiles are obtained with 250 m vertical resolution. The comparison is focused on data collected during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 Arctic winters. Profiles measured within 6 hours and 500 km are selected. The profiles are classified based on spatial and temporal variability of dynamical indicators over Thule and at the GOMOS tangent height position. Several corresponding features can be identified in the GOMOS and LIDAR profiles, suggesting that the GOMOS HRTP could be used to investigate the global distribution of small scale fluctuations. As an example, two cases corresponding to inner and outer vortex conditions during the 2008-2009 winter are discussed, also in relation with the very intense sudden stratospheric warming occurred in this season. © 2017 Author(s)
Socrate ed il demiurgo: alcune riflessioni su umano e postumano
No full textThis chapter analyzes how at least two anthropological conceptions coexist in biotechnology. The first one considers the human as an object and, in general,
pursues the goal of identifying/preserving the specific characteristics of the human.
The second conception, on the other hand, considers the human as a project and is
divided into two directions. The first one, older, is the statist one that created, at the
beginning of the 20th century, those eugenic projects aimed at improving the human
species. The second line of development, which we can instead define as liberalist, is
specific in the satisfaction of ever new needs for biotechnological modification,
inspired not only by therapeutic reasons. Many supporters of this approach recognise
themselves in the so-called trans-humanism, which, theorising the mass diffusion of
new biotechnologies, hopes for a humanity that chooses to improve itself by assuming
the risks of a self-directed evolution, and no longer submitting to the whims of fate or
nature. In the final part of the essay, the author presents the most widespread criticisms
and the most fascinating Socratic challenges that this thought provokes
Overview of the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment/Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing on the Mediterranean Climate (ChArMEx/ADRIMED) summer 2013 campaign
No full textThe Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment (ChArMEx; http://charmex.lsce.ipsl.fr) is a collaborative research program federating international activities to investigate Mediterranean regional chemistry-climate interactions. A special observing period (SOP-1a) including intensive airborne measurements was performed in the framework of the Aerosol Direct Radiative Impact on the regional climate in the MEDiterranean region (ADRIMED) project during the Mediterranean dry season over the western and central Mediterranean basins, with a focus on aerosol-radiation measurements and their modeling. The SOP-1a took place from 11 June to 5 July 2013. Airborne measurements were made by both the ATR-42 and F-20 French research aircraft operated from Sardinia (Italy) and instrumented for in situ and remote-sensing measurements, respectively, and by sounding and drifting balloons, launched in Minorca. The experimental setup also involved several ground-based measurement sites on islands including two ground-based reference stations in Corsica and Lampedusa and secondary monitoring sites in Minorca and Sicily. Additional measurements including lidar profiling were also performed on alert during aircraft operations at EARLINET/ACTRIS stations at Granada and Barcelona in Spain, and in southern Italy. Remote-sensing aerosol products from satellites (MSG/SEVIRI, MODIS) and from the AERONET/PHOTONS network were also used. Dedicated meso-scale and regional modeling experiments were performed in relation to this observational effort. We provide here an overview of the different surface and aircraft observations deployed during the ChArMEx/ADRIMED period and of associated modeling studies together with an analysis of the synoptic conditions that determined the aerosol emission and transport. Meteorological conditions observed during this campaign (moderate temperatures and southern flows) were not favorable to producing high levels of atmospheric pollutants or intense biomass burning events in the region. However, numerous mineral dust plumes were observed during the campaign, with the main sources located in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, leading to aerosol optical depth (AOD) values ranging between 0.2 and 0.6 (at 440 nm) over the western and central Mediterranean basins. One important point of this experiment concerns the direct observations of aerosol extinction onboard the ATR-42, using the CAPS system, showing local maxima reaching up to 150 M m-1 within the dust plume. Non-negligible aerosol extinction (about 50 M m-1) has also been observed within the marine boundary layer (MBL). By combining the ATR-42 extinction coefficient observations with absorption and scattering measurements, we performed a complete optical closure revealing excellent agreement with estimated optical properties. This additional information on extinction properties has allowed calculation of the dust single scattering albedo (SSA) with a high level of confidence over the western Mediterranean. Our results show a moderate variability from 0.90 to 1.00 (at 530 nm) for all flights studied compared to that reported in the literature on this optical parameter. Our results underline also a relatively low difference in SSA with values derived near dust sources. In parallel, active remote-sensing observations from the surface and onboard the F-20 aircraft suggest a complex vertical structure of particles and distinct aerosol layers with sea spray and pollution located within the MBL, and mineral dust and/or aged North American smoke particles located above (up to 6-7 km in altitude). Aircraft and balloon-borne observations allow one to investigate the vertical structure of the aerosol size distribution showing particles characterized by a large size (> 10 μm in diameter) within dust plumes. In most of cases, a coarse mode characterized by an effective diameter ranging between 5 and 10 μm, has been detected above the MBL. In terms of shortwave (SW) direct forcing, in situ surface and aircraft observations have been merged and used as inputs in 1-D radiative transfer codes for calculating the aerosol direct radiative forcing (DRF). Results show significant surface SW instantaneous forcing (up to -90 W m-2 at noon). Aircraft observations provide also original estimates of the vertical structure of SW and LW radiative heating revealing significant instantaneous values of about 5° K per day in the solar spectrum (for a solar angle of 30°) within the dust layer. Associated 3-D modeling studies from regional climate (RCM) and chemistry transport (CTM) models indicate a relatively good agreement for simulated AOD compared with observations from the AERONET/PHOTONS network and satellite data, especially for long-range dust transport. Calculations of the 3-D SW (clear-sky) surface DRF indicate an average of about -10 to -20 W m-2 (for the whole period) over the Mediterranean Sea together with maxima (-50 W m-2) over northern Africa. The top of the atmosphere (TOA) DRF is shown to be highly variable within the domain, due to moderate absorbing properties of dust and changes in the surface albedo. Indeed, 3-D simulations indicate negative forcing over the Mediterranean Sea and Europe and positive forcing over northern Africa. Finally, a multi-year simulation, performed for the 2003 to 2009 period and including an ocean-atmosphere (O-A) coupling, underlines the impact of the aerosol direct radiative forcing on the sea surface temperature, O-A fluxes and the hydrological cycle over the Mediterranean. © Author(s) 2016
Determination of Photosynthetically Active Radiation from multi-filter rotating shadowband measurements: Method and validation based on observations at Lampedusa (35.5°N, 12.6°E)
No full textSolar radiation plays an important role in several terrestrial, atmospheric and biogeochemical processes, and in climate. This study focusses on the verification of a method for the determination of PAR, the Photosynthetically Active Radiation. The method is based on the use of measurements made with Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometers (MFRSR). The MFRSR measures global and diffuse components of the solar irradiance in six narrowband and one broadband channel; four of the MFRSR bands fall within the spectral range of PAR. This study is based on measurements made at the Station for Climate Observations, on the island of Lampedusa, in the central Mediterranean. MFRSR measurements at Lampedusa are continuously calibrated on-site by using the Langley plot method. The MFRSR signals in the four bands within the PAR spectral interval are linearly combined to infer the corresponding PAR. The method is verified by comparing PAR determinations in days with very different aerosol and cloud conditions. A very good agreement between measured and estimated PAR is found in all conditions, confirming that the method has the capability to accurately retrieve PAR irradiances. The variability of the PAR diffuse component appears also well described. © 2017 Author(s)
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