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Editors Note
No full textThe Editors of Advances in Respiratory Medicine would like to warmly welcome new members of the Scientific Advisory Board. Our invitation to join the Board was kindly accepted by Professor Christer Janson and Professor Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi [...
Life-Threatening Subcutaneous Hematoma Caused by an Axillary Pad in an Anticoagulated Patient
No full textLife-Threatening Subcutaneous Hematoma Caused by an Axillary Pad in an Anticoagulated Patient
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Repeatability of exhaled breath fingerprint collected by a modern sampling system in asthmatic and healthy children
No full textE-noses provide potential non-invasive metabolic biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring pulmonary diseases. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the within-day and between-day repeatability of a modern breath sampling system (Pneumopipe® plus an array of e-nose sensors) in asthmatic and healthy children. The secondary aim was to compare the repeatability of the breath sampling system, spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). Fifteen children (age 6-11 years) with asthma and thirty healthy children matched by age and gender (1:2 allocation) were recruited; of them, three healthy children did not complete the study. All measurements were collected twice during the baseline visit, 30 min apart, and once during the final visit, after 7 d. Repeatability was assessed through the intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC), and a significance test was performed to detect an at least 'fair' repeatability (ICC > 0.2). In asthmatic children, the within-day (0-30 min) ICCs for e-nose sensors (8 sensors × 4 desorption temperatures) ranged from 0.24 to 0.84 (median 0.57, IQR 0.47-0.71), while the between-day (0-7 d) ICCs ranged from 0.25 to 0.83 (median 0.66, IQR 0.55-0.72). In healthy children, the within-day ICCs for e-nose sensors ranged from 0.29 to 0.85 (median 0.58, IQR 0.49-0.63), while the between-day ICCs ranged from 0.33 to 0.82 (median 0.55, IQR 0.49-0.63). In both groups, most of the within-day and between-day ICCs for e-nose sensors were statistically significant. Moreover, the within-day and between-day ICCs for all spirometry parameters and eNO were significant and similar to those of the most reliable sensors. The modern breath sampling system showed more than acceptable within-day and between-day repeatability, in both asthmatic and healthy children. The present study was registered on the central registration system ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03025061)
Exercise training effects on elderly and middle-age patients with chronic heart failure after acute decompensation: A randomized, controlled trial
No full textAbstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise training on cardiac function in heart failure (HF) patients recently suffering from acute decompensation. Radionuclide ambulatory ventricular function monitoring (VEST) was used to detect variations in cardiac hemodynamics during training period.
Methods
This was a monocentric, randomized, controlled trial. We enrolled 72 HF patients [left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%] within two weeks after acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: 40 in the elderly group, 32 in the middle-aged group. Trained patients underwent a specific four-weeks exercise program (closed-chain resistive activities and abdominal exercises) which was supervised by a therapist in agreement with patients' characteristics. Catecholamines at rest, echocardiography, right-heart catheterization, and bicycle ergometer were performed. VEST was performed at the end of the 4 weeks-training in all patients in order to assess patients' cardiac hemodynamics [LVEF, cardiac output (CO), stroke volume].
Results
Exercise training significantly improved exercise duration, peak oxygen consumption, and ventilatory threshold both in elderly and middle-aged patients (p < 0.0001) after the 4-week controlled training. Despite age (F = 35.086, p < 0.0001; F = 16.967, p < 0.0001; F = 42.574, p = 0.03, respectively), training reliably influence previous cardiopulmonary parameters (F = 29.402, F = 16.421, F = 26.80, p < 0.0001, respectively). Norepinephrine and epinephrine were significantly reduced in both trained groups. Peak LVEF (37.3 ± 4.7% vs 34 ± 6.2%, p = 0.002), peak stroke volume (43.3 ± 3.9% vs 37.5 ± 4.3%, p = 0.001), and peak CO (63.4 ± 6.1% vs 48.2 ± 4.7%, p < 0.0001) increased in middle-aged patients after 4-week training.
Conclusions
Exercise training improves cardiac performance indexes and pulmonary function in both middle-aged and elderly HF patients early after an acute episode of cardiac decompensation
Estimated glomerular filtration rate and all‐cause mortality – In response to Dr Kawada's letter
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