1,721,153 research outputs found
Transizione energetica e nucleare. Politica industriale fra opportunità e rischi
No full textThe energy transition is now a priority for governments around the world, which are converging in supporting the increasing use of renewable energy sources. The picture is much more controversial, however, when it comes to identifying the role that nuclear energy can play in achieving a sustainable energy future. While some countries seem to have firmly embraced the use of nuclear energy as a (albeit transitory) means of achieving carbon neutrality, others refuse to take the same path or plan to abandon it, even in the face of persistent dissent from their own communities. This paper aims first and foremost to give an account of the current debate on the subject. This subject has recently come back into the limelight in the wake of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, which has highlighted situations of heavy dependence on energy supplies. The context within which any policy decisions (whether oriented towards a progressive adoption or towards a reduction or total exclusion) and industrial policy choices aimed at the sector are made cannot be separated from the consideration of the demand for such policies and from a careful and complete analysis of all the aspects that are intertwined in the issue, from the technical ones to the legislative, environmental, economic, social and financial ones
Business excellence in China: firms, territories, regions
No full textThe ongoing international crisis induces actors to rethink to their strategic choices and to find new ways to obtain, protect or increase their competitive advantage. Most of the current debate is on how to adjust the development trajectories and strategies in order to be able to face this critical period.
In some cases the reaction has been a run towards lower costs, and in the consequent decline in quality that might result in a loss, instead of a gain, of competitive positions. In other cases the strategy has been to invest in research and to enhance the value added of productions.
The case of China is emblematic. Not only because the country is undoubtedly among the leading economies in the world, but also because it is showing a great capacity to adjust to the changing scenario. For years it has been internationally renowned for having based its competitive advantage on low costs of labor and on the attraction of foreign firms. Now it is increasingly turning to higher value added productions, while at the same time favoring the emergence of “national champions”. In other words, the country seems to have been betting on excellence. We are not talking only about firms or entrepreneurs. We are also talking about territories and regions.
However, excellence is not equally spread within the country. They are more evident in some provinces, where the industrial development is more advanced. Guangdong is undoubtedly one of these. The province has been chosen as the launching pad and testing laboratory of the opening process of the economy for the whole country. Since the launch of the open-door policy at the end of the 1970s, it has proven to be among the most prominent areas not only of China but of the whole world in terms of growth rates, industrial development, FDI attraction and export capacity.
In this framework, this special issue sheds some light on the emergence (but also on the lack) of excellence at business, local and provincial level in Guangdong, which per se represents an excellence within the whole country
Who drives the automotive sector? Thailand selective policies
No full textPurpose: We critically analyse the case of selective industrial policies for automotive industry in Thailand. Approach: Founding on previous literature and official government documents, we describe the implemented policies, dividing them in four phases according to the main trend they followed. We suggest which results the policies have or have not reached by analysing the current state of the sector. Findings: Our main point is that selective policies implemented in the country were successful in helping the development of the sector as a whole, contributing to the role of Thailand as main actor in the international market. However, such policy initiatives were not able to solve some of the main issues of automotive sector in the country related to local development, such as the technology dependence on foreign (mainly Japanese) firms and the weakness of local suppliers
L'energia del presente-futuro
No full textSole, vento, acqua e biomasse. Molti i vantaggi di queste fonti
alternative inesauribili, rna per incrementarne l'utilizzo gli incentivi
economici non sono sufficienti: i benefici dipendono anche dalla scelta
del sito, dalla tipologia e progettazione dell'impianto.
Questa ed altro e emerso dal parere di alcuni esperti che hanna fatto
il punta su queste tecnologie in ltalia (prossimamente pubblicheremo
quello dell'Enea)
Ischemic hypertrophic neuropathies
No full textThe sural nerve biopsy of 2 patients with ischaemic neuropathy was studied by multiple histological sections stained for vessels and nerve fibers. The first patient had weakness and atrophy of upper and lower extremities and marked decreased motor conduction velocity on EMG. The nerve biopsy revealed ubiquitous arteriolar occlusions, segmental demyelination of nerve fibers and nerve fiber damage with a central fascicular pattern. The second patient complained of deep sensory disturbances and had a moderate weakness of distal leg muscles; on EMG there was marked slowing of conduction velocity. A nerve biopsy was done one year after he was operated of aortofemoral bypass when improvement occurred. The biopsy showed an abnormally large sural nerve with patchy loss of fibers in a vascular pattern. Hypertrophic changes of Schwann cells were observed at the periphery of the fascicles. The histological changes observed are explained on the basis of a different susceptibility to ischaemia of Schwann cells and connective tissue cells in respect to nerve fibers
Industrial Policy for 'New' Industries in 'Old' Europe: Virtual Cluster in Genetics in Italy
No full textMany European countries are facing new competitive pressures because of the increasing success of countries such as China, India and South Korea. In this context, Italy seems to be squeezed between the difficulties caused by these new competitors specialized in traditional sectors and the difficulties of entering new high tech industries.
This paper focuses on the strategic industrial policy options that this “Old-Europe” country may have in order to guarantee its future capacity of producing wealth by participating in the transnational value chain, while avoiding the risk of being progressively marginalized. We present the case of the genetic research sector of one of the most successful Italian regions, Emilia Romagna. This region is characterised by an old manufacturing tradition, by the presence of many small firms organised in specialised clusters and by established poles of knowledge such as universities and research centres.
We decided to focus on this sector first of all because of the great potentialities it has been showing worldwide in the last few years; secondly because the development of genetics could be an example of how to encourage the structural adjustment of an “Old Europe” region looking for answers to new international challenges; thirdly because the region has a latent pool of knowledge in this sector that does not seem to be not properly exploited
Le politiche per il settore "scienze della vita e biotecnologie" al cuore della nuova politica industriale
No full textAnalisi dell'importanza della regolamentazione e delle politiche per l'innovazione nel settore della salute per lo sviluppo industrial
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