1,721,376 research outputs found
Il rilascio di arsenico da parte dell’enargite in ambienti modello: uno studio XPS ed elettrochimico
No full textSurface chemical characterization of tribological films formed under boundary lubrication conditions
No full textProgress in analytical spectroscopic methods and in the instrumentation for tribological measurements have contributed in the last decades to the understanding of the mechanism of growth and stability of tribological films. Tribological films (also
called tribofilms) are layers that are formed on two counterparts that move in relative motion to each other. These films play an important role in reducing friction and/or wear and their presence may contribute to saving energy and reducing the amount of
CO2 produced in an engine. Tribofilms are usually formed in presence of compounds that are added to lubricant oils. The most commonly used additives contain metals such as zinc and non-metallic elements such as as sulfur and phosphorus. The need
for reducing the amount of these elements in the environment—in agreement with European regulations—has stimulated research in tribology by means of surface analytical methods that offer the unique opportunity to characterize surfaces that are
in mechanical contact.
In this talk the results obtained in the characterization of tribofilms by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and in situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR FTIR)
will be reviewed.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has become a very important source of information on surfaces, thin layers and interfaces in the investigation of non-ideal samples such as tribofilms. Nowadays it is possible to use very well focused beams for exciting the
sample down to less than 10 μm, so that detailed chemical-state information,composition and thickness of the tribological films and composition of the interface within the reaction layer and the substrate can be obtained uniquely from the contact areas of the two counterparts. Furthermore, imaging capabilities, as well as angleresolved XPS allow the 3D-representation of chemical species.
Complementary to XPS is ToF-SIMS. Recent bismuth-cluster sources have become the standard analytical tools for obtaining high-resolution mass spectra, also in the high mass range, and for obtaining images with a lateral resolution down to 80-100 nanometers. It provides not only elemental but also molecular information.
The results obtained with a recently developed in situ ATR FT-IR tribometer that allows the identification of the functional groups during the sliding of the two counterfaces will be also presented and the strengths of ex situ analytical methods will be discussed
Duplex and Nickel free manganese stainless steels for applications in civil engineering - and XPS surface analytical and electrochemical study
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El arte de la persuasión digital: el prompt engineering como habilidad judicial necesaria
Full text linkFil: Rossi, Antonella Agustina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Derecho; Argentina.El presente trabajo subraya la imperiosa necesidad de que los magistrados adquieran competencias sólidas en inteligencia artificial, con especial énfasis en el prompt engineering. En un contexto digital donde la IA atraviesa todos los ámbitos, la justicia no puede permanecer al margen. El prompt engineering, definido como el arte de formular indicaciones precisas a los modelos de lenguaje, resulta fundamental para aprovechar al máximo el potencial de estas herramientas. Dominar esta habilidad permitirá a los magistrados obtener resultados más precisos y eficientes, agilizando los procesos judiciales y mejorando la calidad de las decisiones. El uso de estas herramientas que integran IA en su funcionamiento, no solo que pueden ser utilizadas, sino más bien deben ser utilizadas por los magistrados a los fines de no entrar en tensión con los deberes éticos impuestos en el Código de ética judicial y para ello, resulta menester que el juez conozca su funcionamiento y como iterar al sistema para que éste de una respuesta lo más alineada posible con el requerimiento solicitado.ABSTRACT
This paper underscores the imperative need for judges to acquire robust competencies in artificial intelligence, with a particular emphasis on prompt engineering. In a digital context where AI permeates all aspects of life, the justice system cannot remain on the sidelines. Prompt engineering, defined as the art of crafting precise instructions for language models, is essential to fully leverage the potential of these tools. Mastering this skill will enable judges to achieve more accurate and efficient results, streamlining judicial processes and improving the quality of decisions. The use of these AI-powered tools is not only possible but necessary for judges to adhere to the ethical duties outlined in the judicial code of ethics. To this end, it is imperative for judges to understand how these systems function and how to interact with them to obtain the most accurate and relevant responses.Fil: Rossi, Antonella Agustina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Derecho; Argentina
Interface between passive film and substrate - its role in corrosion resistance of alloys
No full textEffect of pH on Electrochemical Behaviour and Passive Film composition of Stainless Steels
No full textRole of the interface oxide film / alloy composition and stability of stainless steels
No full textX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), a powerful method for investigating composition and thickness of thin films in the nanometer range, has been used to characterize the surface of two stainless steels with different bulk composition, DIN 1.4301 (18%Cr 8%Ni) and DIN 1.4529 (20%Cr 25%Ni 6%Mo) after mechanical polishing and after potentiostatic passivation in a wide range of potentials in sulfate solutions at different pHs. The XPS results confirm that the passive film thickness increases with applied potential, its composition is enriched in chromium oxy-hydroxide after immersion in acidic solutions and polarization at low potentials whereas oxidized nickel is depleted. Special emphasis is given in this paper to the composition of the metal phase underneath the passive film. It is shown that the composition of the interface is strongly enriched in nickel for both stainless steels being 28?+/-?2?wt% Ni versus a value of 8% in the bulk and 45?+/-?2?wt% versus 25?wt%Ni in the bulk, respectively. The composition of the interface for a given alloy remains unchanged in a wide range of conditions of passive film formation such as pH, applied potential, passivation time. These results are discussed with respect to the influence of the interface composition on the corrosion rate of alloys in the passive state and on their pitting resistance
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