742 research outputs found
Microclimate of territory of Matera and the heat island effect
No full textThis work is focused on micro-climate analysis of the Matera town. We carried out several measurement campaigns of climate parameters in summer and winter season by measuring temperature and relative humidity. These analyses show that, in the historical center, the temperature values are greater than in areas with presence of vegetation. We analyzed the temperature and relative humidity trend of the last seven years. The average seasonal temperatures rise, due to an increased use of air conditioners, causes the growth of urban temperatures. The sparse vegetation present in the town center does not allow the dissipation of the latent heat
Numerical and experimental thermal analysis for the improvement of various types of windows frames and rolling-shutter boxes.
No full textData provided by the Italian Ministry of the Environment say that in five years you consume, just for heating of an apartment, an amount of energy equal to that required for the all construction of the same apartment. The years come down to three if one includes other energy consumption. In terms of primary energy, by summing production and management, the building-plant system is responsible for about 45% of the national energy demand.
The rolling-shutter box system, in most cases, is the first responsible for both the thermal dispersions that the input of free heat coming from outside. In addition, the window frames have the obligation of the CE marking to be sold on the free European market. The CE marking confirms that the finished product is able to provide certain performance, relative to the intended uses, according to regulatory requirements. Among the basic requirements, the thermal transmittance is the parameter responsible for the energy performance.
The research carried out concerned the energy study of different window frames and rolling-shutter boxes through the use of finite element methodology and experiments in situ. The study was carried out on six different types of windows frames (PVC, wood and wood-aluminum) and four different models of rolling shutters-boxes (all with structure made by expanded polystyrene EPS). The experimental analysis allowed the comparison between the thermal transmittance values calculated according to the UNI EN ISO 10077-1/2 and measured in accordance with ISO 9869. The two results returned a difference in the transmittance values less than 5%.
Subsequently, through the finite element analysis it was possible to verify the trend of temperatures and heat flows in the window frame and rolling shutters-box. From analysis we deduced that the best window frame system has a transmittance of 1.122 W/m2K and the best rolling shutters-box system a transmittance of 0.703 W/m2K.
The last phase of the study regarded the design of some improvement solutions, both for the window frame and the rolling shutters-box. The hypothesis of improvement was made on two frame systems (PVC and wood) and four rolling shutters-box systems. Taking as an example the previous best systems, the following improvements in terms of percentage in the value of the thermal transmittance were reached: the frame achieved an improvement of 10%, while the rolling shutters-box an improvement of 37%
The influence of indoor microclimate on thermal comfort and conservation of artworks: the case study of the Cathedral of Matera (South Italy)
No full textThe Matera Cathedral was built in Apulian-Romanesque style in the thirteenth century on the highest spur of the “Civita” that
divides “Sassi” district in two parts. The constructive material is the calcareous stone of the Vaglia, extracted from quarries in the
area of Matera. The interior is Baroque and presents several artworks. The research had to evaluate the indoor microclimate during and after the restoration works, that also concern the installation of floor heating system to heat the indoor environments. Specifically, we have analyzed the thermal comfort and the effect that the artwork and construction materials inside the Cathedral of Matera have undergone
“The bearing walls like a “natural thermal governor”: the case of “Sassi di Matera”
No full textThe bearing walls represent one of the most ancient technological systems in the building process; in fact, the built heritage, historical or monumental, is realized within this particular kind of solution.
It’s a simple structural system, but it possesses high quality technical and technological characteristics that makes it competitive; just think about the low impact that it produces on the surrounding environment, the low CO2 loading that it releases in the atmosphere during its cycle of life and, furthermore, the possibility to recycle its component.
This research involved the values expresses by this particular kind of architecture and the indoor quality produced.
Today, while projecting, it is very important at first place to consider the definition of the quality parameters of the indoor air and comfort requested to a dwelling place.
We did this with tests “in situ” by monitoring the indoor comfort (as requests by the low UNI EN ISO 7730 1997 e UNI EN ISO 7726 2002 , directive CEE n° 106/89).
This research looks at demonstrating that the bearing walls operate like a “natural governor” of the thermal and hygrometrical comfort and are able to give high quality performances, even without the support of technological systems.
The characteristic performances of these spaces, that today are utilized in different ways as regards the original use, are tested and monitored.
The testing activity was verified through experimental applications in the restoration of two urban buildings in the ancient “Sassi” in the town of Matera (Italy); they represent two typological structures characterized by bearing walls made of limestone blocks.
The space and structures analyzed demonstrate what said before, showing how these building are suitable to the requirements of performances and quality requested for the residential environments (European Directive 2002/91/CE and Italian low D.lgs 192/05 – 311/06) even if they are built with traditional technologies
Italian Guidelines for Energy Performance of Cultural Heritage and Historical Buildings: The Case Study of the Sassi of Matera
No full textThe Sassi of Matera are a unique example in the world of rock settlements, developed from natural caves carved into the rock and molded into increasingly complex structures inside two large natural amphitheaters. Research focuses on the compatibility of the energy efficiency measures applied in Sassi buildings with the recent MiBACT guidelines on "Energy efficiency improvements in cultural heritage" and AiCARR guidelines on "Energy efficiency of historical buildings". The paper aims to analyze energy and environmental performance of different building typologies and monuments of the Sassi site
Energy Performance and Economic Feasibility Study of Historical Building in the City of Matera, Southern Italy
No full textIn this paper a careful energy audit and an energy restoration of some historical buildings was performed. In particular, three cultural heritages buildings situated in the city of Matera in Southern Italy were analysed. To analyse these buildings, an integrated approach based on measurements in situ and on dynamic energy simulations was used. Then, some energy efficiency actions were performed, safeguarding the authenticity value of these structures. The thermal conductance, the indoor temperature and the energy consumption were measured in situ and then the numerical virtual model was created by the Energy Plus code (Energy Plus is free, open-source, and cross-platform developed by the U.S. Department of Energy’s and Building Technologies Office) (U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Building Technologies Office (BTO), Washington, DC, USA). The numerical model was validated by using the Inequality Coefficient (IC) and then different parametric energy analyses were performed. The paper analysed different energy improvements and a techno-economic feasibility study was performed for each improvement. This analysis was conducted in dynamic regime by using the Energy-Plus code. In these buildings the thermal system improvements have a better payback time than envelope improvements. Two different thermal system improvements were analysed: the absorption heat pump with thermostatic valves and the compression heat pump with fan coil unit. Moreover, the replacement of present lighting with LED technologies has a payback time near one year
ANALISI SPERIMENTALE DELLE PRESTAZIONI DEGLI ISOLANTI TERMORIFLETTENTI
No full textNegli ultimi anni si stanno adottando soluzioni alternative di isolamento termico che prevedono l’impiego di sistemi innovativi, da sostituire agli isolanti tradizionali per ridurre i consumi energetici per il riscaldamento ed il raffrescamento, senza modificare il comfort termico. Nel presente lavoro sono stati studiati i sistemi isolanti termoriflettenti o basso emissivi formati da film sottili di alluminio alternati a strati di isolante a bolle d’aria interposti tra due camere d’aria, ognuna di spessore di 20 – 25 mm.
Si è in attesa dell’approvazione di linee guida normative che vadano a disciplinare la determinazione delle caratteristiche termiche dei materiali termoriflettenti, in mancanza di queste specifiche direttive, lo studio si è composto di una stima teorica della trasmittanza termica, di una campagna di misure sperimentali in regime stazionario con una metodologia di misura con l’ausilio di una camera climatizzata. La metodologia di misura utilizzata è stata impiegata in accordo con la normativa UNI ISO 9869:1994 e con le principali disposizioni della UNI EN ISO 8990:1999 . La campagna sperimentale ha mostrato parametri termici stazionari, trasmittanza termica e resistenze termica, equivalenti ad un isolante tradizionale dello spessore di 6 cm.
Si può concludere che l’isolamento termoriflettente rappresenta una valida ed innovativa soluzione per l’isolamento termico nell’ottemperanza dei limiti nazionali impostati dalla legislazion
A method for the low frequency qualification of reverberation test rooms using a validated finite element model
No full textLow frequency behavior in small rooms is always a critical issue, but the recent extension of several standards to frequencies as low as 50 Hz opened an interesting debate in the scientific community as to which is the best (and most reliable) method to perform measurements. The present paper discusses the low frequency qualification of a typical reverberant test room in order to perform sound power measurements (carried out according to ISO 3741), by taking advantage of a finite element model of the room. Experimental measurements were first carried out in a standard reverberant chamber to demonstrate that the model provides accurate results in the range below 100 Hz. Statistical analysis of the results from measurements and simulations confirmed that, despite some small inaccuracies, the predicted results are in very good agreement with those measured both in terms of spectra and spatial distribution of the sound pressure level. Finally, the different steps of the low-frequency qualification of a reverberant test room are discussed. A selection procedure of the most suitable microphone positions is proposed, based on the results of the simulation, and, finally, on site measurements were carried out to validate the procedure
Thermo-hygrometric and comfort analysis of a vernacular multi-room settlement in the Sassi of Matera
No full textThe present work is focused on the thermo-hygrometric and comfort analysis of a vernacular
multi-room settlement in the Sassi of Matera. The vernacular multi-room settlement is
composed of n. 8 rooms divided into two levels, partly built and partly excavated into the
calcareous rocks. The case study hypothesizes a possible low-level environmental system
solution able to respect with the strictest design standards, within a structure located in the
Sassi district of Matera.
Our first goal is to outline a microclimate profile of typical environment of Sassi of Matera.
To do this we carried out a comparative analysis of climatic data from different sources:
Energy Plus weather data, ALSIA-Matera data and ilmeteo.it- Gioia del Colle data. From the
analysis conducted we have found that Enegy Plus weather data series presents temperature
lower than ALSIA-Matera and ilmeteo.it- Gioia del Colle data series with an average of
absolute deviation in winter and summer season respectively of 0.9 °C and 0.45 °C.
Measures conducted have been useful to analyse the energy behavior in spontaneous regime
i.e. without heating or cooling system. In this case thermal comfort is not acceptable.
Assuming to install absorption heat pump in all multi-room settlement comfort is acceptabl
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