743 research outputs found
Current preferences of Southern Mediterranean Countries and their erosion after variations of the entry price system
Full text linkIt has been calculated the value of the preference margin granted to Euro-Mediterranean partners in the cases of reduced entry prices in force, and then it has been simulated the impact of EU trade liberalisation for F&V on such values after two different alternatives of EP system variations resulting from a WTO agreement. The results of current preferences indicate that in monetary terms there is only a significant relevance of the preferential EPs in the case of Moroccan tomatoes and, to a lesser extent, in Moroccan clementines. Very little is the relevance for Jordanian tomatoes and cucumbers and Moroccan courgettes, cucumbers and artichokes. In the cases of oranges from Egypt, Morocco, Israel and Jordan, preferential EP has not meant potential monetary transfers to these preference-receiver countries. Instead, the ad valorem tariff exoneration seems crucial in almost all the products. With regard to the erosion of preferences as a result of a WTO agreement, the magnitude of the erosion depends crucially on the variation/no-variation of the current trigger EPs, and the undermining of preferences is concentrated mostly on Moroccan tomatoes.Entry prices, erosion of trade preferences, Euro-Mediterranean trade, fruits and vegetables, International Relations/Trade,
On Monetary Policy, Unemployment, and Economic Growth
Full text linkRecognizing the possible relation between investments, economic growth and unemployment, and how there is not an established impact of an unlikely productive project failure on the secondly mentioned variables, we address such relation and asses theoretically the effect of different instruments of monetary policy on the mentioned macroeconomic indicators. To do this we modify two models of economic growth by considering the role of entrepreneurs, risk takers, and a monetary authority which is the average agent of the economy that is assumed to be aware of how the inflation can damage equally the individuals' life style, independently of their particular levels of income, finding that the impact of the monetary instruments depends on the behavior of the population
Emptiness Existence: A Free-Strategic view
Full text linkWe formulate a theorem on the emptiness existence followed by its matematicall proof, that takes as a base a single axiom named hipoteticity i.e. an element exists iff it has a structure
On Behavioral Macroeconomics, Globalization, and Economic Growth
Full text linkWe assess theoretically the effect of forming a free trade union on the total production of a nation, where such effects are caused by the absorption of technologies. A popular metaphor describes the people as crabs in a bucket because when one crab tries to scape, the others pull it down avoiding a possible way out for all of them. Given this knowledge, posteriorly and independently of the income inequality levels, we extend our analyses to consider the effect of envy in a macroeconomic level on the total production, and draw the implications which this phenomenon has on the formation of free trade unions. We make strategic policy recommendations to allow the achievement of a globalization that benefits each member nation, where we show that the great trade union might have to start with gradual and charitable subregional agreements
Towards a Democratization of Knowledge with Topological Emphasis in Economics
Full text linkWe formulate and prove a theorem which consists in how the natural endogenous antagonist interaction of agents who look for understanding a generalizable phenomenon, results in a tendency towards chaos. This takes us to the final absolution of implementing the majority rule as the only instrument that generates socially acceptable knowledge, escaping from the chaos tendency. Finally, we extend our analysis to consider the arise of multiple simultaneous antagonist postures on the explanation of a phenomenon, and through an application of the Pythagoras theorem, we prove that it takes less effort or sacrifice for an agent to learn strategically to get an explanation, than if she was the creator of the concerning knowledge, which implies different consequences of possible topological private and public tendencies
Expectations Over Durable Assets: How to Avoid the Formation of Value Bubbles.
Full text linkThere is a finite set of characteristics which can be present in a durable asset adding value to it, and that are not necessarily part of it in the moment of its adquisition. We represent formally how the expectations over the possible future characteristics of these goods influence its price, and get the conditions for the formation of bubbles, which allows us to propose mechanisms to avoid this kind of instinctive collective regimes. Posteriorly we extend our analysis to consider the case of monopoly and of an m-firms oligopoly producing these kinds of goods, finding that the cardinality of the firm(s)' possible plans of production to maximize benefits is the same. We show relation between the assets' prices and the cardinalities of the sets of suppliers, assets' varieties and entry consumers, with an indirect dependence on the rentlabor wages. We model boundedly an analysis of the effect of tendencies like corruption on newly informed and non-bayesian probabilities that constitute the prices. Finally, some extra provided mechanisms to avoid bubbles focus in reverting badly programed rule of thumbs, to get back to the rightgreat rules respec
On Behavioral Macroeconomics, Globalization, and Economic Growth
No full textAbstract. We assess theoretically the effect of forming a free trade union on the total production of a nation, where such effects are caused by the absorption of technologies through different channels. A popular metaphor describes the people as crabs in a bucket because when one crab tries to scape, the others pull it down avoiding a possible way out for all of them. Given this knowledge, posteriorly and independently of the income inequality levels, we extend our analyses to consider the effect of envy in a macroeconomic level on the total production, and draw the implications which this phenomenon has on the formation of free trade unions. We make strategic policy recommendations to allow the achievement of a globalization that benefits each member nation, where we show that the great trade union might have to start in certain order, with gradual and charitable subregional agreements, seasoned with education promotion and possibly a non restricted ideas employment.Keywords. Trade agreements, Behavioral Macroeconomics, Economic Growth, Policy Design.JEL. F13, F15, F62, O24
Expectations over durable assets: How to avoid the formation of value bubbles
Full text linkAbstract. There is a finite set of characteristics which can be present in a durable asset adding value to it, and that are not necessarily part of it in the moment of its acquisition. We represent formally how the expectations over the possible future characteristics of these goods influence its price, and get the conditions for the formation of bubbles, which allows us to propose mechanisms to avoid this kind of instinctive collective regimes. Posteriorly we extend our analysis to consider the case of monopoly and of an m-firms oligopoly producing these kinds of goods, finding that the cardinality of the firm(s)' possible plans of production to maximize benefits is the same. We show relation between the assets' prices and the cardinalities of the sets of suppliers, assets' varieties and entry consumers, with an indirect dependence on the rent labor wages. We model boundedly an analysis of the effect of tendencies like corruption on newly informed and non-Bayesian probabilities that constitute the prices. Finally, some extra provided mechanisms to avoid bubbles focus in reverting badly programed rule of thumbs, to get back to the right great rules respect.Keywords. Non-bayesian expectations, Price bubbles, Profit maximization, Competition, Corruption, Mechanism design.JEL. G12, G13, G18, G28, K42
Developmental trade-offs in Subantarctic meroplankton communities and the enigma of low decapod diversity in high southern latitudes
Full text linkDevelopmental modes, occurrence and distribution patterns of invertebrate larvae were studied in the Subantarctic Magellan region of South America on the basis of quantitative plankton hauls obtained during the ‘Victor Hensen’ campaign in November 1994. The meroplankton community was found to be numerically dominated by decapod crustacean larvae (47%), followed by polychaetes (20%), echinoderms (16%), cirripedes (8%) and molluscs (7%). A rich decapod community
was detected, with 2 thalassinid, 5 brachyuran, 4 anomuran, 6 caridean, 1 astacid and 1 palinurid species/morphotypes identified. Cluster analyses clearly distinguished deep-water stations (250 to 400 m) south of the Straits of Magellan from shallow-water stations (30 to 100 m) in the Beagle Channel, where meroplankton was dominated by decapod larvae (>90%). Three main larval developmental modes, characterised by morphogenesis, mode of larval nutrition and site of larval development, were observed in Magellan decapods: (1) Extended, planktotrophic development of planktonic larvae; (2) abbreviated, planktotrophic development of planktonic larvae; and (3) abbreviated, endotrophic (lecithotrophic) development of demersally living larvae. Several caridean shrimps with abbreviated larval development, which have congeners in the Antarctic, suggest a strong synchronisation between abbreviated planktotrophic larval development and short periods of primary production. This seems to be an essential factor in early life history adaptation for the colonisation of the Antarctic environment. The impoverished Antarctic decapod fauna, with only a few representatives of caridean shrimp species left, may be related to the lack in flexibility of reptant decapods in distributing energy resources between adults and their offspring, which would allow abbreviated planktotrophic larval development
On Monetary Policy, Unemployment, and Economic Growth
No full textAbstract. Recognizing the possible relation between investments, economic growth and unemployment, and how there is not an established impact of an unlikely productive project failure on the secondly mentioned variables, we address such relation and asses theoretically the effect of different instruments of monetary policy on the mentioned macroeconomic indicators. To do this we build upon two models of economic growth considering the role of entrepreneurs, risk takers, and a monetary authority which is the average agent of the economy that is assumed to be aware of how the inflation can damage equally the individuals' life style, independently of their particular levels of income, finding that the impact of the monetary instruments depends on the behavior of the population, and endogenizing the money in circulation.Keywords. Endogenous money supply, Expansive monetary policy, Inflation, Unemployment, Economic Growth.JEL. E24, E51, E52, E58, O42
- …
