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Conta leucocitaria differenziale nel cavallo: confronto tra un contaglobuli laser e la lettura microscopica dello striscio ematico
No full textFamilial Cutaneous Vasculopathy in two twin German shepherd dog
No full textIntroduction: Cutaneous vasculitis represents an uncommon disorder in dogs; most of it is attributedto immunoreactive mechanisms, but they are poorly studied and characterized. Familial cutaneousvasculopathy of the German shepherd dog is a rare disease, with only few works discussingthis disease. Its exact pathogenesis still remains unknown. However, an immune-mediated vasculopathywith an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance was suggested.Material and methods: We report two cases of twin German shepherd dogs, male, 4-months-old,with clinical signs of lethargy and fever, lameness with dropped carpi and tarsi, poor body conditions,stunted growth, poor coat quality, swelling of the bridge of the nose and all four footpads,most of which appeared depigmented.Results: At necropsy, both dogs showed severe oedema of all four footpads, the bridge of the nose,mesentery and gastric submucosa, and a diffuse oedematous appearance of subcutaneous tissues ofventral thorax and abdomen, peritracheal and perioesophageal connective tissues. Bilateral multiplepale renal cortical foci were observed in both animals, while only one showed gastric ulcers andvalvular endocardiosis of the left atrioventricular valve. Histopathological examination of nose andfootpad samples revealed severe oedema and nodular to diffuse dermatitis, mainly presenting aperivascular pattern involving the deep dermis, panniculus and subcutis, associated with vasculardamage, characterized by thickening of the vessel wall, hyaline degeneration, sometimes infiltrationof inflammatory cells, and occasionally leukocytoclasia. A focal superficial dermatitis with hydropicdegeneration of basal cells and pigmentary incontinence was observed in some footpads. We founda diffuse inflammatory infiltrate, characterized by monuclear cells and neutrophils, associated withcollagenolysis and involvement of vessels in all oedematous tissues, as well as in deep fascia andepimysium, associated with myofiber atrophy, fibrosis and myositis.Discussion: We diagnosed familial cutaneous vasculopathy of the German shepherd dog based onthe characteristic cutaneous histological features. Our findings showed, that in addition to cutaneouslesions there were features of systemic vasculitis, involving small and medium-sized vessels.[...
Allergic dermatitis by Dirofilaria repens in a dog: clinical picture and treatment
No full textAdult stages of Dirofilaria repens (Nematoda, Filarioidea) reside in the subcutaneous tissues of the definitive or occasional host as dogs, other animals, and humans, and it is transmitted by mosquitoes. Canine infections with adults and circulating larvae of D. repens are often considered asymptomatic, although in some cases, the parasite causes subcutaneous nodules, diffused dermatitis, skin lesions, and itching. This report provides a complete clinical description of an unusual case of allergic diffused dermatitis caused by D. repens in a naturally infected dog and its successful treatment with the use of a spot-on solution containing imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5%. The dog presented multiple pustules and alopecic areas with lichenification, hyperpigmentation, and erythematous scaling margins without pruritus. Histological examination was compatible with allergic dermatitis. After being unsuccessfully managed for suspected food hypersensitivity, with a significantly worsening of the lesions, a Knott's analysis detected nematode larvae in the blood. Morphological and molecular identification showed them to be D. repens. The dog was then treated with a single administration of a spot-on formulation containing imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5%, and the dermatological signs completely resolved within 2 months after treatment. The dog showed no recurrence of the lesions, and no circulating microfilariae were found upon microscopic and molecular examination for six consecutive months after treatment. This report indicates the apparent primary role of D. repens in causing hypersensitivity-like skin disease without pruritus in a dog. It also confirms, as recently shown elsewhere, the efficacy of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% in the treatment of dermatitis caused by D. repens
Esame emocromocitometrico nel cavallo: confronto tra due possibili condizioni di analisi
No full textDermatitis in a dog infected with Dirofilaria repens: clinical presentation and treatment with a spot-on solution containing 10% imidaclorpid and 2.5 moxidectin
No full textType 1 diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism in a ferret
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM) was diagnosed in a 6-year-old neutered male ferret with polyuria/polydipsia, symmetrical alopecia, and weight loss. Laboratory tests revealed severe hyperglycemia, glucosuria, and increased steroid hormone profile. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a bilateral enlargement of the adrenal glands. Significant clinical improvement was achieved with insulin-and leuprolide acetate-based therapy. After 2 months of therapy, the ferret showed a severe ketoacidosis, and the owner decided to euthanize the animal. Histological findings revealed carcinoma of the left adrenal cortex and cortical hyperplasia of the right adrenal gland. Moderate, chronic, and active pancreatitis with a marked decrease in the number of beta-cells was also present. This is the first reported case of type 1 DM associated with hyperadrenocorticism and chronic pancreatitis in a ferret.[...
Echocardiographic and echo-doppler examination in the european wolf (Canis lupus L., 1758)
No full textTwo-dimensional real-time, M-mode and Doppler echocardiographic measurements were made in 11 adult wolves (Canis lupus) anaesthetised with an intramuscular combination of medetomidine, ketamine, butorphanol and acepromazine followed by isoflurane in oxygen. M-mode measurements of the left ventricle, B-mode measurements of the left atrium and aorta, systolic indices, and Doppler measurements of aortic and pulmonary blood outflow, and of mitral and tricuspid blood inflow, were recorded. The values obtained were compared with those reported for dogs of similar bodyweight and body type. The diastolic measurements of the cardiac chambers and walls were similar to those reported for healthy, conscious dogs, but the use of anaesthesia probably resulted in the markedly different systolic cardiac measurements, systolic indices and Doppler blood flow velocities observed in the wolves. Mild mitral regurgitation, probably due to mitral endocardiosis, was observed in one wolf, and trivial functional mitral insufficiency was observed in five others.[...
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