1,721,015 research outputs found
La Valutazione dell'Ecocompatibilità delle Opere Temporanee a Servizio dei XX Giochi Olimpici Invernali - Torino 2006
No full textThe environmental assessment of permanent and temporary venues within the XX Olympic Winter Games - Torino 2006
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The evaluation of eco-compatibility projects expected within the strategic environmental assessment of the XX Olympic Winter Games Torino 2006
No full textThe 1998 Sarno landslides: Conflicting interpretations of a natural event
No full textLandslides affecting on 5-6 May 1998 the towns of Sarno, Quindici, Siano and Bracigliano in Southern Italy represent a case history of great significance both from a scientific and technical point of view. The casualties, the huge economic damage and the severe destruction attracted great attention on the part of the scientific community. Following the landslides, both the national and international scientific community and technicians have given rise to numerous studies in order to provide suitable elements for designing remedial works. From the scientific side, till 2010 hundreds of articles and reports were produced concerning researches carried out on the Sarno-type landslides. In order to make comparisons not only on different methodologies adopted but even on contrasting interpretations and results concerning landslide triggering and propagation mechanisms in a global and comprehensive picture of the knowledge, more than 200 scientific papers on this type of instabilities, published on national and international journals and conference proceedings, were collected. Analyses on specific aspects of the landsliding frequently show huge disagreements among different authors and research groups. The discussion particularly focuses on landslide classification aspects, criteria adopted and their real application. Wide-ranging ambiguities cause uncertainties in applying landslide classification criteria. © 2011 Casa Editrice Università La Sapienza
Earth-flow deformation from GPS surveys, Mount Pizzuto earth flow, southern Italy
No full textWe reconstruct the deformational pattern of the Mount Pizzuto earth flow using displacement data derived by successive GPS measurements of a network of 99 monitoring points. 2D strain was computed using displacement data of sets of 4 to 6 points. Results from our analysis indicate that deformation varies along the earth flow with several zones of longitudinal stretching and shortening corresponding to areas where the earth-flow displacement/velocity increase and decrease, respectively. Dilatation and orientation of principal strain axes are consistent with the geometry of deformational structures at the flow surface. © Società Geologica Italiana, Roma 2016
Estimation of earth-slide displacement from GPS-based surface-structure geometry reconstruction: Estimation of earth-slide displacement
No full textWe propose a simple method to estimate the surface displacement of earth slides. It is based on the assumptions that earth slides move by sliding along a discrete basal-slip surface and extensional structures, which commonly characterize their depletion zone, completely accommodate the occurred displacement. The proposed method is based on the reconstruction of the cross-sectional geometry of structures crossed by an arbitrary chosen longitudinal profile, aligned with the direction of the movement. Structure geometry reconstruction is completed using high-precision GPS survey and the reconstructed geometry is then used as basis to measure horizontal and vertical components of the displacement accommodated by each single extensional structure. Total horizontal and vertical earth-slide displacements are calculated as the sum of displacements accumulated at each single structure. We test the method at the Summonte earth slide in southern Italy using real-time kinematic GPS field mapping. Results from our estimation were validated considering a single displacement vector derived from the direct and indirect measurement of the position of an isolated tree located below the extensional zone of the slide. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
A multi-module fixed inclinometer for continuous monitoring of landslides: Design, development, and laboratory testing
Get PDFContinuous monitoring of landslides is of basic importance for understanding their behavior, defining their 3D geometry, and providing a basis for early warning purposes. While a number of instrumentations can be used for tracking surface displacement, only automatic or fixed multi-module inclinometers can be used for continuous monitoring of displacement at depth, providing valuable information for landslide geometry reconstruction. Since these instruments are very expensive, thus rarely used, a low-cost and multi-module fixed inclinometer for continuous landslide monitoring has been developed. In this paper, the electronics of the system, including sensor characteristics and optimization, controlling software, and structure are presented. For system development, a single module prototype was first developed and tested in the field to ensure sufficient measuring performance. Subsequently, the multi-module system was designed, assembled, and tested in controlled conditions. Test results indicate the good performance of the system with a displacement measuring accuracy of 0.37% of the length of the inclinometer chain. The linearity test indicates the high linearity of the measures, especially in the range ±20°, which is the typical operating range of such kinds of instrumentations. The thermal efficiency test indicates the high efficiency of the system in preventing measuring errors caused by thermal drifting
Flood hazard mapping incorporating multiple probability models
No full textHazard mapping is essential for risk assessment and mitigation measurement design in flood prone areas. In Europe, long-term fluvial stage data, acquired since the 18th century, represent a resource of fundamental importance in this perspective, especially where rivers monitoring is completed by multiple stations distributed along the course. In these conditions, a major challenge is represented by the possibility of incorporating multiple probability models, representative of river dynamics at different distance from the mouth, in flood hazard estimation over so large areas. In this paper, we propose a new procedure of hazard estimation based on LiDAR derived flood inundation model and multiple hydrometric time series that, using a specifically developed algorithm/code of interpolation/assignation of multiple probability models, has the potential to work at local to national scale providing reliable estimation also in presence of urban areas. We applied the developed procedure and associated algorithm/code to a selected study area in southern Italy, recently hit by a destructive flood event, and quantitatively evaluate model performance. Confidence interval computation provides an overview of uncertainty related to flood magnitude estimation by extreme value analysis, indicating a substantial uncertainty related to 500 years flood magnitude estimation. Sensitivity analysis indicates a high degree of robustness of the developed procedure. Result validation through comparison against the observed 2015 flood event indicates that the method has the potential to support flood hazard analysis at regional to national scale. Limits of method application are related to the basic assumption of stationarity of hydrologic time series that might be considered too “simplicistic” in a changing climate also related to the limited length of some time series that only in few cases have no discontinuities. The absence of propagation modelling as part of the estimation procedure might be considered as an additional limit since in complex topographic and hydrological conditions it might provide a better evaluation of flood hazard. However, comparison of the 500 years flood derived from our procedure and 500 years flood scenarios derived by 2D hydraulic simulations indicate the capabilities of our procedure in identifying area floodable by specific events with only local overestimation that generally increase safety in human life protection perspective. This confirms the potential of considering multiple probability models distributed along the river course in flood hazard estimation perspective and indicate that our procedure can be a valid alternative to simulation based flood hazard estimation procedures
Slope angle as indicator parameter of landslide susceptibility in a geologically complex area
No full textSlope angles are a key parameter in estimating susceptibility to developing earth flows. In this paper, slope angles are used to estimate potential unstable areas in a pilot sector of the Benevento province in (Southern Italy). Since the study area is characterized by a complex lithological setting, landslide distribution was analyzed within four-groups of homogeneous litho-technical sequences. Slope angle frequency distributions were obtained from a landslide sample in accordance with the Weibull probability density distribution function. Their analysis shows that the largest occurrence of landslides fall within an interval of slope angles ranging from 9 to 14. As filed surveys confirm, the low frequency of instabilities on steeper slopes can be explained by a deficit of potentially involving materials, partially due to the presence of stony sequences. Consequently, the probability of failure was calculated only on slope angle ranges already affected by existing landslide phenomena. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
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