1,721,004 research outputs found
Dysphagia in neurological diseases: a literature review. Panebianco M, Marchese-Ragona R, Masiero S, Restivo DA. Neurol Sci. 2020 Jun 7. doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04495-2.
Full text linkDysphagia is defined as an impairment of this complex and integrated sensorimotor system. It is estimated that 400,000 to 800,000 individuals worldwide develop neurogenic dysphagia per year. Neurogenic dysphagia is typically occurring in patients with neurological disease of different etiologies. A correct and early diagnosis and an appropriate management of dysphagia could be useful for improving patient’s quality of life and may help to prevent or delay death. In the present review, we discuss thoroughly the anatomy and physiology of swallowing and also the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in impaired swallowing, as well as the diagnosis, management, and potential treatments of neurogenic dysphagia. Assessment of neurogenic dysphagia includes medical history, physical exam, and instrumental examinations (fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, videofluoroscopic swallowing study, electromyography). Pharmacological treatment of these problems includes oral anticholinergic drugs. Surgical myotomy of the cricopharyngeal muscle showed an important improvement of oropharyngeal dysphagia associated to upper esophageal sphincter hyperactivity. Chemical myotomy of the upper esophageal sphincter by local injections of botulinum toxin type A into the cricopharyngeal muscle has been proposed as an alternative less invasive and less unsafe than surgical myotomy
Management of swallowing disorders in multiple sclerosis.
No full textDysphagia can complicate multiple sclerosis (MS). Its real prevalence may be estimated to be around 30%–40%. Furthermore, dysphagia is life-threatening. In fact, its complications such as dehydration and aspiration pneumonia are a common cause of death and morbidity in late MS. The management of dysphagia should be focused on treatment of the specific dysphagic symptom and the underlying pathophysiology. The symptomatic management of dysphagia is based on two different types of approaches: the rehabilitative treatment and the pharmacological treatment. Botulinum toxin treatment may be a valid therapy in MS patients with oro-pharyngeal dysphagia associated with upper oesophageal sphincter hyperactivity
Successful botulinum toxin treatment for cricopharyngeal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
No full textThe role of botulinum toxin in postparotidectomy fistula treatment. A technical note.
No full textPURPOSE:
Parotid fistula is a well-known complication of parotidectomy or penetrating injury of the parotid gland. The management of parotid fistula has been controversial, and numerous conservative and surgical treatment methods have been described.
METHODS:
We report 3 cases of parotid fistula after partial parotidectomy, which were treated by botulinum toxin injection under electromyographic control into the residual substance of parotid gland.
RESULTS:
Complete healing of the fistula was achieved with a single botulinum toxin treatment in all patients. No side effects were observed after the treatment. The patients are disease-free after 21, 18, and 14 months, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
In the considered cases, the localized injection of botulinum toxin into the parotid gland resulted to an effective and long-lasting treatment of postparotidectomy fistula
Successful botulinum toxin treatment of dysphagia in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.
No full textnot availabl
Solving dysphagia due to cricopharyngeal muscle dysfunction with botulinum toxin.
No full textabstract not available
...We agree that manometric contribution may
be applied selectively, depending on the specific issues
raised by the evaluation of dysphagia. Nevertheless,
videofluoroscopic evaluation is structured to detect and
analyze functional impairment of the swallowing
mechanism [11]. Although endoscopic examination of
the oropharynx may suggest the main abnormality of
the swallow, the characterization of the temporal disruption
of swallowing coordination and identification of
the underlying mechanism leading to that dysfunction
require videofluoroscopic examination. The study of
videofluoroscopic swallowing must be viewed as the
primary evaluation modality for cricopharyngeal dysphagia.
The video barium swallow also provides information
about the risk of aspiration for a variety of bolus
volumes and consistencies. Furthermore, the procedure
allows for testing of the efficacy of botulinum toxin
treatment..
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