612 research outputs found
Modulation of depth-dependent properties in tissue-engineered cartilage with a semi-permeable membrane and perfusion : a continuum model of matrix metabolism and transport
No full textThe functional properties of cartilaginous tissues are determined predominantly by the content, distribution, and organization of proteoglycan and collagen in the extracellular matrix. Extracellular matrix accumulates in tissue-engineered cartilage constructs by metabolism and transport of matrix molecules, processes that are modulated by physical and chemical factors. Constructs incubated under free-swelling conditions with freely permeable or highly permeable membranes exhibit symmetric surface regions of soft tissue. The variation in tissue properties with depth from the surfaces suggests the hypothesis that the transport processes mediated by the boundary conditions govern the distribution of proteoglycan in such constructs. A continuum model (DiMicco and Sah in Transport Porus Med 50:57-73, 2003) was extended to test the effects of membrane permeability and perfusion on proteoglycan accumulation in tissue-engineered cartilage. The concentrations of soluble, bound, and degraded proteoglycan were analyzed as functions of time, space, and non-dimensional parameters for several experimental configurations. The results of the model suggest that the boundary condition at the membrane surface and the rate of perfusion, described by non-dimensional parameters, are important determinants of the pattern of proteoglycan accumulation. With perfusion, the proteoglycan profile is skewed, and decreases or increases in magnitude depending on the level of flow-based stimulation. Utilization of a semi-permeable membrane with or without unidirectional flow may lead to tissues with depth-increasing proteoglycan content, resembling native articular cartilage
Looking for Private Information in Self-Assessed Health
No full textThe paper investigates whether self-assessed health status (SAH) contains information about future mortality and morbidity, beyond the information that is contained in standard "observable" characteristics of individuals (including pre-existing diagnosed medical conditions). Using a ten-year span of the Canadian National Population Health Survey, we find that SAH does contain private information for future mortality and morbidity. Moreover, we find some evidence that the extra information in SAH is greater at older ages. Many developed countries are experiencing a major shift from defined benefit (DB) to defined contribution (DC) pension arrangements. One consequence of this shift is an effective delay in the age at which workers commit to an annuity. Our results therefore suggest that adverse selection problems in annuity markets could be more severe at older ages, and therefore, that the DB to DC shift may expose workers to greater longevity risk. This is an aspect of the DB to DC shift that has received little attention.Self-Assessed Health, Annuities, Mortality, Morbidity
Systemaattisen analyysin hermeneuttinen teoria (SAH)
No full textAbstractSystematic analysis has been used more occasionally in the form of immanent text analysis, but this form has its limits in systematic theology and other sciences regarding qualitative research. In this article, the author introduces the use of hermeneutic theory in systematic analysis (SAH). This theory adds broader criteria for the use of systematic analysis in hermeneutical research. These additional criteria are needed because sources and valid techniques in hermeneutical research are more varied than in immanent studies. These forms or research has a different kind of source criteria. The gravity of this problem is multiplied even more if a hermeneutical research question has complexity that asks for the definite use of multiple sources that cannot be handled with the same criteria than in immanent studies.Abstract
Systematic analysis has been used more occasionally in the form of immanent text analysis, but this form has its limits in systematic theology and other sciences regarding qualitative research. In this article, the author introduces the use of hermeneutic theory in systematic analysis (SAH). This theory adds broader criteria for the use of systematic analysis in hermeneutical research. These additional criteria are needed because sources and valid techniques in hermeneutical research are more varied than in immanent studies. These forms or research has a different kind of source criteria. The gravity of this problem is multiplied even more if a hermeneutical research question has complexity that asks for the definite use of multiple sources that cannot be handled with the same criteria than in immanent studies
The Effect of Health Changes and Long-term Health on the Work Activity of Older Canadians
No full textUsing longitudinal data from the Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS), we study the relationship between health and employment among older Canadians. We focus on two issues: (1) the possible endogeneity of self- reported health, particularly "justification bias", and (2) the relative importance of health changes and long-term health in the decision to work. The NPHS contains the HUI3, an "objective" health index which has been gaining popularity in empirical work. We contrast estimates of the impact of health on employment using self-assessed health, the HUI3, and a "purged" health measure similar to that employed by Bound et al. (1999) and Disney et al. (2003). A direct test suggests that self-assessed health suffers from justification bias. However, the HUI3 provides estimates that are similar to the "purged" health measure. We also corroborate recent U.S. and U.K. findings that changes in health are important in the work decision.Health; Health Changes; Employment; Older Workers; NPHS
The Driftless and Electron-Windless Electromigration Theory
No full textThe recently presented new theory of electromigration of metal atoms is summarized. The new theory attributes the migration to diffusion of electrical neutral atoms and generation-recombination-trapping of the electrically neutral atoms in the bulk of the metal line and on the interior surfaces of the voids in the metal line. It assumes no drift current or zero host ion current, and it asserts no electron-wind force which was assumed empirically in the 40-year-old 1969 Black model. The new theory gives the time-dependence and materials-dependences of the metal line resistance, not available previously, both of which can experimentally tested to delineate the fundamental mechanisms and pathways, and statistical void geometries. It also gives materials-dependent simple analytical formulas of time-to-failure and time-to-open-circuit for compact modeling interconnects in computer-aided design of integrated circuits.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000265971000105&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Engineering, Electrical & ElectronicPhysics, AppliedEICPCI-S(ISTP)
Systemaattisen analyysin hermeneuttinen teoria (SAH)
No full textAbstract
Systematic analysis has been used more occasionally in the form of immanent text analysis, but this form has its limits in systematic theology and other sciences regarding qualitative research. In this article, the author introduces the use of hermeneutic theory in systematic analysis (SAH). This theory adds broader criteria for the use of systematic analysis in hermeneutical research. These additional criteria are needed because sources and valid techniques in hermeneutical research are more varied than in immanent studies. These forms or research has a different kind of source criteria. The gravity of this problem is multiplied even more if a hermeneutical research question has complexity that asks for the definite use of multiple sources that cannot be handled with the same criteria than in immanent studies
Synovial joints: Mechanobiology and tissue engineering of articular cartilage and synovial fluid
No full textThis chapter provides an overview of the components of synovial joints including articular cartilage, synovium, and synovial fluid. Focus is placed on the biomechanical properties of these tissues and models of their behavior. Further insight is given into the influence of mechanical loading on the development of these joint components and changes during pathology. Finally, perspectives on engineering articular cartilage and synovial fluid are provided.\ud
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Synovial joints allow for the articulation of long bones within a fluid-filled cavity. Articular cartilage (AC) is a connective tissue covering the ends of bones that functions as a load-bearing, low-friction, and wear-resistant surface to facilitate joint movement. Synovial fluid (SF) is the viscous liquid found inside synovial joints that functions as a biomechanical lubricant. The SF is encapsulated within the joint space by the synovium (SYN), a thin membrane-like tissue consisting of cells and extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix of cartilage allows for load-bearing during joint motion, while the viscous and lubricating properties of SF reduce cartilage wear. The homeostasis of these tissues is dependent on mechanobiology – cell populations receiving mechanical cues to guide biosynthesis and thereby alter their microenvironment and tissue-scale mechanical properties. This chapter includes Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine (RM) approaches to the in vitro and in vivo development of articular cartilage and SF for the treatment and study of damaged synovial joints. First, the composition, structure, and function of cartilage and SF are discussed, followed by the mechanical properties of these tissues and the theoretical models that have been used to describe them. Next, the effects of mechanical stimuli on chondrocyte biosynthesis and pathological changes in SF composition are covered. Finally, advances in the fields of TE and RM applied to cartilaginous tissue and SF are reviewed, focusing on the mechanobiology of chondrocytes in Tissue engineered constructs
Occurrence, manifestations of the disease and duration of treatment of SAH in Latvia during year 2001 and 2011
No full textAktualitāte: SAH incidence palielinās ar gadiem, tā biežāk notiek starp 40 un 60 gadiem ( vidējais vecums ≥ 50 gadi ), bet SAH var parādīties arī kā bērnībā, tā sirmā vecumā un 1.6 reizes vairāk tā ir novērojama sievietēm nekā vīriešiem. 85 % gadījumu aneirismas ir galvenais SAH iemesls. Mirstība pie aneirismātiskas hemorāģijas ir 50 %; viens no astoņiem pacientiem ar SAH mirst ārpus stacionāra.
Hipotēze: Uzlabojoties diagnostikai un mainoties ārstēšanas taktikai laika periodā no 2001. gada līdz 2011. gadam, ir mazinājies neiroloģiskais deficīts pēc SAH izrakstoties no stacionāra, kā arī mazinās stacionārā pavadītais laiks.
Mērķis: Noskaidrot ārstēšanas efektivitāti salīdzinot 2001. un 2011.gadu.
Metodes: Retrospektīvā pētījumā tika iekļauti 162 pacienti ar SAH diagnozi laika posmā no 2001.gada janvāra līdz 2001.gada beigām un no 2011.gada janvāra līdz 2011.gada beigām, kuri tika stacionēti Rīgas Austrumu klīniskās universitātes slimnīcā.Occurrence, manifestations of the disease and duration of treatment of SAH in Latvia during year 2001 and 2011.
Author: Zane Lapiņa, student, University of Latvia, Faculty of Medicine, year 6
Supervisor: Dace Bērziņa, doctor, University of Latvia
Background: The incidence of SAH increases with age, occurring most commonly between 40 and 60 years of age (mean age ≥ 50 years), but SAH can occur from childhood to old age and is ~1.6 times higher in women than in men. Aneurysms are the cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage in 85% of cases. The case fatality after aneurysmal haemorrhage is 50%; one in eight patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage dies outside hospital.
Objective: The aim of the study is to clarify the effectiveness of treatment compared year 2001 and 2011
FILM KOMEDI SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH (ANALISIS FILM “INSYA ALLAH SAH 2”)
No full textABSTRAK
Film merupakan salah satu media elektronik yang tergolong
dalam komunikasi massa, sehingga film memiliki kemampuan untuk
menyampaikan pesan kepada khalayak. Film terbagi menjadi beberapa
genre, salah satunya yaitu genre komedi. Film komedi memiliki alur
yang santai dan ringan, hal itu sengaja dirancang untuk menghibur dan
mengundang gelak tawa dari para penontonnya. Film komedi akhirnya
memiliki potensi besar bagi dunia dakwah, karena karakteristik dari
film tersebut yang menghibur, ringan, dan jauh dari kesan menggurui.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Metode
yang digunakan adalah analisis teks dengan melihat simbol-simbol
melalui pendekatan semiotika.
Penelitian ini dibuat untuk menggali sejauh mana
implementasi dakwah pada film komedi sebagai media dakwah
melalui tanda-tanda yang disebut oleh Roland Barthes sebagai
konotasi, denotasi, dan mitos.
Data yang diamati bersumber dari film "Insya Allah Sah 2"
yang didapat dari aplikasi WeTV. Objek dalam penelitian adalah alur
cerita dari film "Insya Allah Sah 2", sedangkan subjeknya yaitu
potongan adegan-adegan yang mengandung nilai islam di dalamnya,
penulis melihat di beberapa adegan yang ada dalam film "Insya Allah
Sah 2" sebagian besar menekankan pada ajaran-ajaran yang sesuai
dengan syariat islam.
Peneliti menarik kesimpulkan bahwa implementasi yang
dilakukan dalam film komedi “Insya Allah Sah 2” sebagai media
dakwah, dapat menghasilkan sebuah penyajian, yaitu tiga kategori
jenis materi dakwah yang meliputi; 1. Masalah Keimanan (Aqidah), 2.
Masalah Keislaman (Syariat), dan 3. Masalah Budi Pekerti (Akhlakul
Karimah). Film komedi ''Insya Allah Sah 2" ini mempunyai daya tarik
tersendiri yang dapat dijadikan media dakwah yang relevan di zaman
modern ini. film ini memenuhi standar perfilman yang bagus. Film ini
menghibur, mendidik, dan berisi informasi bermanfaat. Film ini patut
menjadi contoh bagi siapa saja yang ingin membuat film yang bagus
tanpa menyudutkan pihak manapun dan tanpa melupakan fungsi film
sebagai hiburan.
Kata kunci: Analisis Semiotika, Film Komedi, Media Dakwah. ABSTRACT
Film is one of the electronic media classified as mass
communication, so film has the ability to convey messages to the
audience. Films are divided into several genres, one of which is the
comedy genre. Comedy films have a relaxed and light plot, it is
deliberately designed to entertain and invite laughter from the
audience. Comedy films finally have great potential for the world of
da'wah, because the characteristics of the film are entertaining, light,
and far from patronizing.
The type of research used is qualitative. The method used is
text analysis by looking at symbols through a semiotic approach.
This study was made to explore the extent of the
implementation of da'wah in comedy films as a medium of da'wah
through signs referred to by Roland Barthes as connotations,
denotations, and myths.
The observed data was sourced from the film "Insha Allah
Sah 2" obtained from the WeTV application. The object of the study is
the storyline of the film "Insha Allah Sah 2", while the subject is the
cut of the scene which contains Islamic values in it, the author sees in
several scenes in the film "Insha Allah Sah 2" mostly emphasizes on
teachings that are in accordance with Islamic law.
The researcher concluded that the implementation carried out
in the comedy film "Insha Allah Sah 2" as a da'wah medium, can
produce a presentation, namely three categories of types of da'wah
material which include; 1. Problems of Faith (Aqidah), 2. Islamic
Issues (Sharia), and 3. The Problem of Ethics (Akhlakul Karimah).
This comedy film "Insha Allah Sah 2" has its own charm that can be
used as a relevant da'wah media in this modern era. This film meets
the standards of good cinema. The film is entertaining, educational,
and contains useful information. This film should be an example for
anyone who wants to make a good film without cornering any party
and without forgetting the function of the film as entertainment.
Keywords: Comedy Film, Da'wah Media, Semiotic Analysis
In vitro physical stimulation of tissue-engineered and native cartilage
No full textBecause of the limited availability of donor cartilage for resurfacing defects in articular surfaces, there is tremendous interest in the in vitro bioengineering of cartilage replacements for clinical applications. However, attaining mechanical properties in engineered cartilaginous constructs that approach those of native cartilage has not been previously achieved when constructs are cultured under free-swelling conditions. One approach toward stimulating the development of constructs that are mechanically more robust is to expose them to physical environments that are similar, in certain ways, to those encountered by native cartilage. This is a strategy motivated by observations in numerous short-term experiments that certain mechanical signals are potent stimulators of cartilage metabolism. On the other hand, excess mechanical loading can have a deleterious effect on cartilage. Culture conditions that include a physical stimulation component are made possible by the use of specialized bioreactors. This chapter addresses some of the issues involved in using bioreactors as integral components of cartilage tissue engineering and in studying the physical regulation of cartilage. We first consider the generation of cartilaginous constructs in vitro. Next we describe the rationale and design of bioreactors that can impart either mechanical deformation or fluid-induced mechanical signals
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